{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2077487563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2012.6256617","title":"New fitness functions in binary particle swarm optimisation for feature selection","display_name":"New fitness functions in binary particle swarm optimisation for feature selection","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2077487563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2012.6256617","mag":"2077487563"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cec.2012.6256617","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2012.6256617","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077569089","display_name":"Bing Xue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4865-8026"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41156924","display_name":"Victoria University of Wellington","ror":"https://ror.org/0040r6f76","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bing Xue","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand","[School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100400258","display_name":"Mengjie Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4463-9538"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41156924","display_name":"Victoria University of Wellington","ror":"https://ror.org/0040r6f76","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mengjie Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand","[School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065533636","display_name":"Will N. Browne","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8979-2224"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41156924","display_name":"Victoria University of Wellington","ror":"https://ror.org/0040r6f76","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Will N. Browne","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand","[School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.4229,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":85,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95490217,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12391","display_name":"Artificial Immune Systems Applications","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fitness-function","display_name":"Fitness function","score":0.8741227984428406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-selection","display_name":"Feature selection","score":0.6930135488510132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.667496383190155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fitness-approximation","display_name":"Fitness approximation","score":0.6459178924560547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6129927039146423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.5927315354347229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5900582671165466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preprocessor","display_name":"Preprocessor","score":0.5629563331604004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5333250761032104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5052164196968079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-classification","display_name":"Binary classification","score":0.4713922142982483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fitness-proportionate-selection","display_name":"Fitness proportionate selection","score":0.42947331070899963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.42045876383781433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.38828861713409424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3560892939567566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.2627686858177185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.12221461534500122}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176066374","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629118","display_name":"Fitness function","level":3,"score":0.8741227984428406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148483581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488","display_name":"Feature selection","level":2,"score":0.6930135488510132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.667496383190155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148392497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16250539","display_name":"Fitness approximation","level":4,"score":0.6459178924560547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6129927039146423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.5927315354347229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5900582671165466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.5629563331604004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5333250761032104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5052164196968079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66905080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17005494","display_name":"Binary classification","level":3,"score":0.4713922142982483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99701942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5455479","display_name":"Fitness proportionate selection","level":4,"score":0.42947331070899963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.42045876383781433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.38828861713409424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3560892939567566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.2627686858177185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.12221461534500122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cec.2012.6256617","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2012.6256617","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1553244859","https://openalex.org/W1583700199","https://openalex.org/W1760882240","https://openalex.org/W1959606346","https://openalex.org/W1963626514","https://openalex.org/W2017337590","https://openalex.org/W2030363461","https://openalex.org/W2039537889","https://openalex.org/W2050399271","https://openalex.org/W2062362073","https://openalex.org/W2072026441","https://openalex.org/W2090727353","https://openalex.org/W2096081771","https://openalex.org/W2098701484","https://openalex.org/W2102230030","https://openalex.org/W2107897602","https://openalex.org/W2108899349","https://openalex.org/W2117595234","https://openalex.org/W2119479037","https://openalex.org/W2120216197","https://openalex.org/W2124258777","https://openalex.org/W2125213524","https://openalex.org/W2130561381","https://openalex.org/W2133462743","https://openalex.org/W2152195021","https://openalex.org/W2166917905","https://openalex.org/W3120740533","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6637836093","https://openalex.org/W6675885011","https://openalex.org/W6703967216"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2050206882","https://openalex.org/W1571420718","https://openalex.org/W1622672652","https://openalex.org/W2542275932","https://openalex.org/W1995719995","https://openalex.org/W2090325564","https://openalex.org/W2017545286","https://openalex.org/W2547011672","https://openalex.org/W1483317606","https://openalex.org/W2367684891"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Feature":[0],"selection":[1,26,164],"is":[2,69,77,88,99],"an":[3],"important":[4],"data":[5],"preprocessing":[6],"technique":[7],"in":[8,18,63,79,92,106,125,129,166,189],"classification":[9,37,48,75,104,144,153,192],"problems.":[10],"This":[11],"paper":[12],"proposes":[13],"two":[14,121,161],"new":[15],"fitness":[16,42,72,123,157,177,187],"functions":[17,124],"binary":[19],"particle":[20],"swarm":[21],"optimisation":[22],"(BPSO)":[23],"for":[24],"feature":[25,163],"to":[27,101],"choose":[28],"a":[29,59,70,136],"small":[30],"number":[31,52,85,138,196],"of":[32,47,53,86,119,139,191,197],"features":[33,54,87,140],"and":[34,50,83,141,194],"achieve":[35,142,180],"high":[36],"accuracy.":[38],"In":[39,170],"the":[40,44,51,64,80,84,93,103,107,120,126,147,156,175,185,195],"first":[41,81,186],"function,":[43,73],"relative":[45],"importance":[46],"performance":[49,76,105,154,182],"are":[55],"balanced":[56],"by":[57,116],"using":[58,117,151],"linearly":[60],"increasing":[61],"weight":[62],"evolutionary":[65],"process.":[66],"The":[67],"second":[68,94,176],"two-stage":[71],"where":[74],"optimised":[78],"stage":[82],"taken":[89],"into":[90],"account":[91],"stage.":[95],"K-nearest":[96],"neighbour":[97],"(KNN)":[98],"employed":[100],"evaluate":[102],"experiments":[108],"on":[109,146],"ten":[110],"datasets.":[111],"Experimental":[112],"results":[113],"show":[114],"that":[115],"either":[118],"proposed":[122],"training":[127],"process,":[128],"almost":[130,167],"all":[131,168],"cases,":[132,172],"BPSO":[133,173],"can":[134,179],"select":[135],"smaller":[137],"higher":[143],"accuracy":[145,193],"test":[148],"sets":[149],"than":[150,183],"overall":[152],"as":[155],"function.":[158],"They":[159],"outperform":[160],"conventional":[162],"methods":[165],"cases.":[169],"most":[171],"with":[174,184],"function":[178,188],"better":[181],"terms":[190],"features.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
