{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2010975627","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2012.6256496","title":"Non-observability analysis by means of an evolutionary technique in measured Electric Power Systems","display_name":"Non-observability analysis by means of an evolutionary technique in measured Electric Power Systems","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2010975627","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2012.6256496","mag":"2010975627"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cec.2012.6256496","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2012.6256496","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048196598","display_name":"S. V\u00e1zquez-Rodr\u00edguez","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11019714","display_name":"Universidade da Coru\u00f1a","ror":"https://ror.org/01qckj285","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11019714"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Santiago Vazquez-Rodriguez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Integrated Group for Engineering Research","University of A Coru\u00f1a, Ferrol, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Integrated Group for Engineering Research","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of A Coru\u00f1a, Ferrol, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11019714"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042150381","display_name":"J.A. Gomollon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0912-3130"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11019714","display_name":"Universidade da Coru\u00f1a","ror":"https://ror.org/01qckj285","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11019714"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jesus A. Gomollon","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of A Coru\u00f1a, Ferrol, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of A Coru\u00f1a, Ferrol, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11019714"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080411829","display_name":"Gervasio Varela","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7301-5348"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11019714","display_name":"Universidade da Coru\u00f1a","ror":"https://ror.org/01qckj285","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11019714"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gervasio Varela","raw_affiliation_strings":["Integrated Group for Engineering Research","University of A Coru\u00f1a, Ferrol, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Integrated Group for Engineering Research","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of A Coru\u00f1a, Ferrol, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11019714"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021995811","display_name":"Alejandro Paz-L\u00f3pez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4952-7308"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11019714","display_name":"Universidade da Coru\u00f1a","ror":"https://ror.org/01qckj285","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11019714"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alejandro Paz-Lopez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Integrated Group for Engineering Research","University of A Coru\u00f1a, Ferrol, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Integrated Group for Engineering Research","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of A Coru\u00f1a, Ferrol, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11019714"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048196598"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11019714"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0892798,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11236","display_name":"Control Systems and Identification","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11236","display_name":"Control Systems and Identification","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10305","display_name":"Power System Optimization and Stability","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observability","display_name":"Observability","score":0.9343776702880859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.6604200601577759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.6418424844741821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.6259881854057312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.6031009554862976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5625893473625183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolutionary-algorithm","display_name":"Evolutionary algorithm","score":0.5285384058952332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.38559991121292114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.37971729040145874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3774954080581665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3541584014892578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.21677595376968384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-mathematics","display_name":"Applied mathematics","score":0.1363048553466797}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36299963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1369844","display_name":"Observability","level":2,"score":0.9343776702880859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.6604200601577759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.6418424844741821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.6259881854057312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.6031009554862976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5625893473625183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159149176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14489129","display_name":"Evolutionary algorithm","level":2,"score":0.5285384058952332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.38559991121292114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.37971729040145874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3774954080581665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3541584014892578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.21677595376968384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.1363048553466797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cec.2012.6256496","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2012.6256496","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6000000238418579}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/034900433"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326655","display_name":"Xunta de Galicia","ror":"https://ror.org/0181xnw06"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1589114377","https://openalex.org/W1807524744","https://openalex.org/W1912920396","https://openalex.org/W2020118810","https://openalex.org/W2054256383","https://openalex.org/W2101020981","https://openalex.org/W2102417554","https://openalex.org/W2110954114","https://openalex.org/W2126686687","https://openalex.org/W2134702241","https://openalex.org/W2149686805","https://openalex.org/W2157608036","https://openalex.org/W2158764073","https://openalex.org/W2158799892","https://openalex.org/W2160805215","https://openalex.org/W2170671483","https://openalex.org/W2547077434","https://openalex.org/W3215223030","https://openalex.org/W6635305911","https://openalex.org/W6678910031"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2046459260","https://openalex.org/W2967463586","https://openalex.org/W2765830098","https://openalex.org/W1971989957","https://openalex.org/W2517338020","https://openalex.org/W3157641275","https://openalex.org/W4312300846","https://openalex.org/W4206221578","https://openalex.org/W3029572990","https://openalex.org/W2726551571"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,119],"observability":[1],"characterization":[2],"of":[3,13,28,52,60,67,77,80,108,116],"an":[4],"Electric":[5],"Power":[6],"System":[7],"(EPS)":[8],"from":[9],"a":[10,18,29,36,73,102,110],"topological":[11],"point":[12],"view":[14],"with":[15,101,134],"respect":[16],"to":[17,25,43,71,84,88,99],"given":[19,103],"measurement":[20],"acquisition":[21],"system":[22],"is":[23,56,70],"equivalent":[24],"the":[26,50,64,68,75,78,81,85,106,114,117,131],"existence":[27],"certain":[30],"spanning":[31],"tree.":[32],"In":[33,47],"previous":[34],"work,":[35],"genetic":[37],"algorithm":[38,55,69],"was":[39,91],"developed":[40,121],"in":[41,122],"order":[42],"address":[44],"this":[45,48,53,123],"issue.":[46],"paper":[49,124],"behavior":[51],"evolutionary":[54,89],"studied":[57],"by":[58],"means":[59],"probabilistic":[61],"methods.":[62],"Although":[63],"main":[65],"purpose":[66],"find":[72],"tree,":[74],"determination":[76],"non-existence":[79,107],"tree":[82],"due":[83],"uncertainty":[86],"inherent":[87],"techniques":[90,120],"addressed":[92],"using":[93],"statistical":[94],"hypothesis":[95],"testing.":[96],"This":[97],"allows":[98],"characterize,":[100],"certainty":[104],"level,":[105],"such":[109],"solution":[111],"and,":[112],"therefore,":[113],"non-observability":[115],"EPS.":[118],"were":[125],"tested":[126],"over":[127],"two":[128],"benchmark":[129],"systems:":[130],"IEEE":[132],"networks":[133],"118":[135],"and":[136],"300":[137],"nodes.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
