{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1985849007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2012.6252966","title":"On run time libraries and hierarchical symbiosis","display_name":"On run time libraries and hierarchical symbiosis","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1985849007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2012.6252966","mag":"1985849007"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cec.2012.6252966","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2012.6252966","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101949050","display_name":"Stephen Kelly","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6071-4705"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129902397","display_name":"Dalhousie University","ror":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129902397"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Stephen Kelly","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dalhousie University, NS, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dalhousie University, NS, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129902397"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004241713","display_name":"Peter Lichodzijewski","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129902397","display_name":"Dalhousie University","ror":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129902397"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Lichodzijewski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dalhousie University, NS, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dalhousie University, NS, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129902397"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003699164","display_name":"Malcolm I. Heywood","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1521-0671"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129902397","display_name":"Dalhousie University","ror":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129902397"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Malcolm I. Heywood","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dalhousie University, NS, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dalhousie University, NS, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129902397"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101949050"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129902397"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1407,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8793551,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.9900000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7934006452560425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.7164461016654968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coevolution","display_name":"Coevolution","score":0.543786346912384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.5252622961997986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-programming","display_name":"Genetic programming","score":0.49741724133491516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.4936734139919281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4714028835296631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.45749127864837646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.33724766969680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.3116101622581482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.07791706919670105}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7934006452560425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.7164461016654968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33009525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208841","display_name":"Coevolution","level":2,"score":0.543786346912384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.5252622961997986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110332635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629498","display_name":"Genetic programming","level":2,"score":0.49741724133491516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4936734139919281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4714028835296631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.45749127864837646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.33724766969680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.3116101622581482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.07791706919670105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cec.2012.6252966","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2012.6252966","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1523457267","https://openalex.org/W1555512498","https://openalex.org/W1576324336","https://openalex.org/W1576818901","https://openalex.org/W1593492645","https://openalex.org/W1983384754","https://openalex.org/W1984987629","https://openalex.org/W2027433115","https://openalex.org/W2039139716","https://openalex.org/W2049783455","https://openalex.org/W2089052147","https://openalex.org/W2101804758","https://openalex.org/W2105802878","https://openalex.org/W2106261932","https://openalex.org/W2108535023","https://openalex.org/W2130774030","https://openalex.org/W2131704987","https://openalex.org/W2138183589","https://openalex.org/W2163467402","https://openalex.org/W2169157770","https://openalex.org/W6631484299","https://openalex.org/W6633484120","https://openalex.org/W6676072908","https://openalex.org/W6676557315","https://openalex.org/W6679441871"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3144412313","https://openalex.org/W2634235285","https://openalex.org/W2492504662","https://openalex.org/W2122994901","https://openalex.org/W200599908","https://openalex.org/W2020991882","https://openalex.org/W4389610483","https://openalex.org/W3029360881","https://openalex.org/W3203800561","https://openalex.org/W2961374456"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Run":[0],"time":[1],"libraries":[2],"(RTL)":[3],"in":[4,11],"genetic":[5],"programming":[6],"(GP)":[7],"represent":[8],"a":[9,26,75,96,112],"scenario":[10],"which":[12],"individuals":[13],"evolved":[14,139],"under":[15,117],"an":[16,127],"earlier":[17],"independent":[18],"evolutionary":[19],"run":[20,51],"can":[21,57,92],"be":[22,58,93],"potentially":[23],"incorporated":[24],"into":[25],"following":[27],"GP":[28],"run.":[29],"To":[30],"date,":[31],"schemes":[32],"for":[33,78,108,142],"exploiting":[34],"the":[35,49,54,67,81,89,100,106,118,132],"RTL":[36,68,91,128],"metaphor":[37],"have":[38],"emphasized":[39],"syntactic":[40],"over":[41],"behavioural":[42],"approaches.":[43],"Thus,":[44],"instructions":[45],"are":[46,124],"added":[47],"to":[48,111],"later":[50],"such":[52],"that":[53],"previous":[55],"code":[56],"explicitly":[59],"indexed.":[60],"In":[61],"this":[62],"work":[63],"we":[64,86],"demonstrate":[65,87],"how":[66,88],"concept":[69],"is":[70],"naturally":[71],"supported":[72],"by":[73],"adopting":[74],"symbiotic":[76],"framework":[77],"coevolution.":[79],"Under":[80],"Pinball":[82],"reinforcement":[83],"learning":[84],"task,":[85],"initial":[90],"coevolved":[94,130],"within":[95],"simpler":[97],"formulation":[98],"of":[99],"task":[101,116,134],"and":[102],"then":[103],"used":[104],"as":[105,129,138],"basis":[107],"providing":[109],"solutions":[110,123],"more":[113],"difficult":[114],"target":[115,133],"same":[119],"domain.":[120],"The":[121],"resulting":[122],"stronger":[125],"than":[126],"against":[131],"alone":[135],"or":[136],"symbiosis":[137],"without":[140],"support":[141],"RTL.":[143]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}