{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2147215074","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2009.4983228","title":"Optimal strategies found using genetic algorithms for deflecting hazardous near-earth objects","display_name":"Optimal strategies found using genetic algorithms for deflecting hazardous near-earth objects","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2147215074","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2009.4983228","mag":"2147215074"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cec.2009.4983228","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2009.4983228","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112646444","display_name":"Jacob A. Englander","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jacob A. Englander","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA","University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 61820, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 61820, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110077024","display_name":"Bruce A. Conway","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bruce A. Conway","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aerospace Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA","[Aerospace Engineering at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Aerospace Engineering at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023780983","display_name":"Bradley J. Wall","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84475105","display_name":"Embry\u2013Riddle Aeronautical University","ror":"https://ror.org/010jskt71","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84475105"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bradley J. Wall","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aerospace Engineering, Embry-Riddle Aerospace Engineering, Prescott, AZ, USA","[Aerospace Engineering at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Prescott, AZ 86301, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Engineering, Embry-Riddle Aerospace Engineering, Prescott, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84475105"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Aerospace Engineering at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Prescott, AZ 86301, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84475105"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5112646444"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0006,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79444318,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2309","last_page":"2315"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10325","display_name":"Astro and Planetary Science","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10325","display_name":"Astro and Planetary Science","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11082","display_name":"Spacecraft Dynamics and Control","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11701","display_name":"Space Satellite Systems and Control","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spacecraft","display_name":"Spacecraft","score":0.7611584663391113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trajectory-optimization","display_name":"Trajectory optimization","score":0.7147612571716309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trajectory","display_name":"Trajectory","score":0.6474227905273438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solver","display_name":"Solver","score":0.6015857458114624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thrust","display_name":"Thrust","score":0.5818312764167786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5780962705612183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimal-control","display_name":"Optimal control","score":0.5644384622573853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-programming","display_name":"Nonlinear programming","score":0.5232102870941162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/near-earth-object","display_name":"Near-Earth object","score":0.4943971633911133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asteroid","display_name":"Asteroid","score":0.4780626595020294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.4557681679725647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.430145263671875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.41945332288742065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.41123002767562866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3754774332046509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.24378904700279236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.17985951900482178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1662524938583374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astrobiology","display_name":"Astrobiology","score":0.13661491870880127}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29829512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40218","display_name":"Spacecraft","level":2,"score":0.7611584663391113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173246807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7833062","display_name":"Trajectory optimization","level":3,"score":0.7147612571716309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.6474227905273438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778770139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1966904","display_name":"Solver","level":2,"score":0.6015857458114624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79420006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q533668","display_name":"Thrust","level":2,"score":0.5818312764167786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5780962705612183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91575142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1971426","display_name":"Optimal control","level":2,"score":0.5644384622573853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115527620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q769909","display_name":"Nonlinear programming","level":3,"score":0.5232102870941162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93623110","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q265392","display_name":"Near-Earth object","level":3,"score":0.4943971633911133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58142911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3863","display_name":"Asteroid","level":2,"score":0.4780626595020294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.4557681679725647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.430145263671875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.41945332288742065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.41123002767562866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3754774332046509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.24378904700279236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.17985951900482178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1662524938583374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87355193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411","display_name":"Astrobiology","level":1,"score":0.13661491870880127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cec.2009.4983228","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2009.4983228","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1511057778","https://openalex.org/W1518214452","https://openalex.org/W1651415313","https://openalex.org/W1972058250","https://openalex.org/W2011302318","https://openalex.org/W2014633343","https://openalex.org/W2047458579","https://openalex.org/W2048523392","https://openalex.org/W2049235474","https://openalex.org/W2165106785","https://openalex.org/W2188032279","https://openalex.org/W2312880587","https://openalex.org/W2320550524"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2138623298","https://openalex.org/W1978569623","https://openalex.org/W3087199821","https://openalex.org/W3102571163","https://openalex.org/W2005722589","https://openalex.org/W1603150918","https://openalex.org/W4380078823","https://openalex.org/W3004907611","https://openalex.org/W2755284291","https://openalex.org/W4390061475"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Potentially":[0],"hazardous":[1],"asteroids":[2],"can":[3],"be":[4],"deflected":[5],"away":[6],"from":[7,36],"the":[8,23,33,37,40,44,47,52,57,62,78,89,111,115],"Earth":[9,38],"using":[10],"a":[11,100],"kinetic":[12],"impactor":[13],"spacecraft.":[14],"An":[15],"optimal":[16],"control":[17],"problem":[18,81,116],"is":[19,59,65,68,103],"solved":[20],"to":[21,31,39,71,84,105,110],"find":[22],"time":[24],"history":[25],"of":[26,88],"thrust":[27],"magnitude":[28],"and":[29,61,113],"direction":[30],"steer":[32],"low-thrust":[34],"spacecraft":[35],"asteroid":[41],"so":[42],"that":[43],"impact":[45],"maximizes":[46],"resulting":[48],"miss":[49],"distance.":[50],"Because":[51],"solution":[53],"space":[54],"considered":[55],"by":[56],"optimizer":[58,112],"large":[60],"objective":[63],"function":[64],"complicated,":[66],"intuition":[67],"not":[69],"sufficient":[70],"provide":[72,106],"an":[73],"adequate":[74],"initial":[75,108],"guess":[76,109],"for":[77],"nonlinear":[79],"programming":[80],"solver":[82],"used":[83,104],"optimize":[85],"all":[86],"aspects":[87],"trajectory.":[90],"A":[91],"recently":[92],"developed":[93],"shape-based":[94],"trajectory":[95],"approximation":[96],"method":[97],"coupled":[98],"with":[99],"genetic":[101],"algorithm":[102],"this":[107],"make":[114],"tractable.":[117]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
