{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2151679348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2009.4983007","title":"Robust player imitation using multiobjective evolution","display_name":"Robust player imitation using multiobjective evolution","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2151679348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2009.4983007","mag":"2151679348"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cec.2009.4983007","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2009.4983007","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://mediatum.ub.tum.de/node?id=1289110","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007031961","display_name":"Niels van Hoorn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1499-8778"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2614128279","display_name":"Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence Research","ror":"https://ror.org/013355g38","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15196421","https://openalex.org/I2614128279","https://openalex.org/I57201433"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Niels van Hoorn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dalle Molle Institute for Perceptive Artificial Intelligence, Lugano, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dalle Molle Institute for Perceptive Artificial Intelligence, Lugano, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2614128279"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077267552","display_name":"Julian Togelius","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3128-4598"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2614128279","display_name":"Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence Research","ror":"https://ror.org/013355g38","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15196421","https://openalex.org/I2614128279","https://openalex.org/I57201433"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julian Togelius","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dalle Molle Institute for Perceptive Artificial Intelligence, Lugano, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dalle Molle Institute for Perceptive Artificial Intelligence, Lugano, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2614128279"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053990531","display_name":"Daan Wierstra","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2614128279","display_name":"Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence Research","ror":"https://ror.org/013355g38","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15196421","https://openalex.org/I2614128279","https://openalex.org/I57201433"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daan Wierstra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dalle Molle Institute for Perceptive Artificial Intelligence, Lugano, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dalle Molle Institute for Perceptive Artificial Intelligence, Lugano, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2614128279"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071172037","display_name":"J\u00fcrgen Schmidhuber","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2614128279","display_name":"Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence Research","ror":"https://ror.org/013355g38","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15196421","https://openalex.org/I2614128279","https://openalex.org/I57201433"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jurgen Schmidhuber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dalle Molle Institute for Perceptive Artificial Intelligence, Lugano, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dalle Molle Institute for Perceptive Artificial Intelligence, Lugano, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2614128279"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007031961"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2614128279"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.0326,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":48,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9792071,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"652","last_page":"659"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11574","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Games","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11574","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Games","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/imitation","display_name":"Imitation","score":0.7604403495788574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7356735467910767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6244751214981079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5918775796890259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.5351254940032959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroevolution","display_name":"Neuroevolution","score":0.5303897261619568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.45707613229751587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolutionary-algorithm","display_name":"Evolutionary algorithm","score":0.44448989629745483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.41603603959083557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3560171127319336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.08255723118782043}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126388530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1131737","display_name":"Imitation","level":2,"score":0.7604403495788574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7356735467910767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6244751214981079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5918775796890259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.5351254940032959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118070581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2060528","display_name":"Neuroevolution","level":3,"score":0.5303897261619568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.45707613229751587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159149176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14489129","display_name":"Evolutionary algorithm","level":2,"score":0.44448989629745483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.41603603959083557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3560171127319336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.08255723118782043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cec.2009.4983007","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2009.4983007","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.149.3380","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.149.3380","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.idsia.ch/~daan/papers/cec2009.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.157.6590","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.157.6590","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://julian.togelius.com/Vanhoorn2009Robust.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.667.5836","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.667.5836","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www6.in.tum.de/Main/Publications/wierstra2009f.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mediatum.ub.tum.de:node/1289110","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://mediatum.ub.tum.de/node?id=1289110","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196330","display_name":"mediaTUM  (Technical University of Munich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","host_organization_name":"Technical University of Munich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:mediatum.ub.tum.de:node/1289110","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://mediatum.ub.tum.de/node?id=1289110","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196330","display_name":"mediaTUM  (Technical University of Munich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","host_organization_name":"Technical University of Munich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W164981378","https://openalex.org/W1521891762","https://openalex.org/W2101419263","https://openalex.org/W2118916601","https://openalex.org/W2120347750","https://openalex.org/W2126105956","https://openalex.org/W2143176882","https://openalex.org/W2147107577","https://openalex.org/W2166259948","https://openalex.org/W2170567160","https://openalex.org/W2405479715","https://openalex.org/W6606662933","https://openalex.org/W6684458094"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4387497383","https://openalex.org/W3183948672","https://openalex.org/W3173606202","https://openalex.org/W3110381201","https://openalex.org/W2948807893","https://openalex.org/W2935909890","https://openalex.org/W2778153218","https://openalex.org/W2758277628","https://openalex.org/W1531601525","https://openalex.org/W4387104524"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"problem":[1,54],"of":[2,92],"how":[3],"to":[4,20,26,31,38,52,66,76],"create":[5],"NPC":[6],"AI":[7],"for":[8],"videogames":[9],"that":[10,49],"believably":[11],"imitates":[12],"particular":[13],"human":[14,41,78],"players":[15],"is":[16,24,47,87],"addressed.":[17],"Previous":[18],"approaches":[19],"learning":[21],"player":[22],"behaviour":[23,42,79],"found":[25],"either":[27],"not":[28,39],"generalize":[29],"well":[30],"new":[32],"environments":[33],"and":[34,74],"noisy":[35],"perceptions,":[36],"or":[37],"reproduce":[40],"in":[43,89],"sufficient":[44],"detail.":[45],"It":[46],"proposed":[48],"better":[50],"solutions":[51],"this":[53],"can":[55],"be":[56],"built":[57],"on":[58],"multiobjective":[59],"evolutionary":[60],"algorithms,":[61],"with":[62],"objectives":[63],"relating":[64],"both":[65],"traditional":[67],"progress-based":[68],"fitness":[69],"(playing":[70],"the":[71,82,90],"game":[72],"well)":[73],"similarity":[75],"recorded":[77,83],"(behaving":[80],"like":[81],"player).":[84],"This":[85],"idea":[86],"explored":[88],"context":[91],"a":[93],"modern":[94],"racing":[95],"game.":[96]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}