{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2103021939","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2006.1688396","title":"An Empirical Study on the Settings of Control Coefficients in Particle Swarm Optimization","display_name":"An Empirical Study on the Settings of Control Coefficients in Particle Swarm Optimization","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-09-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2103021939","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2006.1688396","mag":"2103021939"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cec.2006.1688396","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2006.1688396","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2006 IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019424682","display_name":"N. M. Kwok","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5430-6860"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"N.M. Kwok","raw_affiliation_strings":["ARC Centre of Excellence in Autonomous Systems (CAS), Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, Australia","University of Technology - Sydney#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ARC Centre of Excellence in Autonomous Systems (CAS), Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Technology - Sydney#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035571131","display_name":"Dikai Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1581-5582"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D.K. Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["ARC Centre of Excellence in Autonomous Systems (CAS), Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, Australia","University of Technology - Sydney#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ARC Centre of Excellence in Autonomous Systems (CAS), Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Technology - Sydney#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025285243","display_name":"Kay Chen Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-2463"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K.C. Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore","[Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069849643","display_name":"Q. P. Ha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0978-1758"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Q.P. Ha","raw_affiliation_strings":["ARC Centre of Excellence in Autonomous Systems (CAS), Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, Australia","University of Technology - Sydney#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ARC Centre of Excellence in Autonomous Systems (CAS), Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Technology - Sydney#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019424682"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7912,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91009185,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"823","last_page":"830"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10848","display_name":"Advanced Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9225000143051147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/randomness","display_name":"Randomness","score":0.895421028137207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.7798347473144531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5635517835617065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.553747296333313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/momentum","display_name":"Momentum (technical analysis)","score":0.4925997853279114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.45104077458381653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Multi-swarm optimization","score":0.4373210072517395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4328955113887787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.3452650308609009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.3371453583240509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3295248746871948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.16085615754127502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1479613184928894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.10097914934158325}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125112378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176640","display_name":"Randomness","level":2,"score":0.895421028137207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.7798347473144531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5635517835617065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.553747296333313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60718061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414747","display_name":"Momentum (technical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4925997853279114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.45104077458381653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122357587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6934508","display_name":"Multi-swarm optimization","level":3,"score":0.4373210072517395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4328955113887787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.3452650308609009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.3371453583240509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3295248746871948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.16085615754127502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1479613184928894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.10097914934158325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cec.2006.1688396","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2006.1688396","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2006 IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarbank.nus.edu.sg:10635/69312","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/69312","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052290","display_name":"National University of Singapore","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scopus","raw_type":"Conference Paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:opus.lib.uts.edu.au:10453/3014","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10453/3014","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401357","display_name":"UTS ePRESS (University of Technology Sydney)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","host_organization_name":"University of Technology Sydney","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Proceeding"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W6828804","https://openalex.org/W1628481780","https://openalex.org/W1958181938","https://openalex.org/W1985335153","https://openalex.org/W2038078441","https://openalex.org/W2065154909","https://openalex.org/W2081749411","https://openalex.org/W2099251346","https://openalex.org/W2102343719","https://openalex.org/W2105102593","https://openalex.org/W2107771236","https://openalex.org/W2108799752","https://openalex.org/W2108850886","https://openalex.org/W2116850883","https://openalex.org/W2120173958","https://openalex.org/W2131034441","https://openalex.org/W2138306900","https://openalex.org/W2139339670","https://openalex.org/W2152195021","https://openalex.org/W2152457795","https://openalex.org/W2161201021","https://openalex.org/W2165299997","https://openalex.org/W2167662333","https://openalex.org/W2169245194","https://openalex.org/W2170186790","https://openalex.org/W2536982644","https://openalex.org/W3147985405","https://openalex.org/W3179420158","https://openalex.org/W6728724546"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2006324351","https://openalex.org/W2965421953","https://openalex.org/W2349895019","https://openalex.org/W2116074880","https://openalex.org/W2950423922","https://openalex.org/W2121780490","https://openalex.org/W2137136732","https://openalex.org/W2132113279","https://openalex.org/W2368795850","https://openalex.org/W2113224065"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,17],"effects":[1],"of":[2,4,43,60,98,104,121],"randomness":[3,85],"control":[5,45],"coefficients":[6,71],"in":[7,29,52,72],"particle":[8,36,74],"swarm":[9],"optimization":[10],"(PSO)":[11],"are":[12,62,78,125,144],"investigated":[13],"through":[14,86],"empirical":[15],"studies.":[16],"PSO":[18],"is":[19,37,108],"viewed":[20],"as":[21,39],"a":[22,26,49,111],"method":[23],"to":[24,127],"solve":[25],"coverage":[27],"problem":[28],"the":[30,34,40,44,65,87,96,99,102,122,128,139],"solution":[31],"space":[32],"when":[33],"global-best":[35],"reported":[38],"solution.":[41],"Randomness":[42],"coefficients,":[46],"therefore,":[47],"plays":[48],"crucial":[50],"role":[51],"providing":[53],"an":[54],"efficient":[55],"and":[56,67,113,141],"effective":[57],"algorithm.":[58],"Comparisons":[59],"performances":[61,120,137],"made":[63],"between":[64,110],"uniform":[66],"Gaussian":[68],"distributed":[69],"random":[70,92,114],"adjusting":[73],"velocities.":[75],"Alternative":[76],"strategies":[77],"also":[79],"tested,":[80],"they":[81],"include:":[82],"i)":[83],"pre-assigned":[84],"iterations,":[88],"ii)":[89],"selective":[90,140],"hybrid":[91,142],"adjustment":[93],"based":[94],"on":[95],"fitness":[97],"particles.":[100],"Furthermore,":[101],"effect":[103],"velocity":[105],"momentum":[106],"factor":[107],"compared":[109],"constant":[112],"momentum.":[115],"Numerical":[116],"results":[117],"show":[118],"that":[119],"proposed":[123],"variations":[124],"comparable":[126],"conventional":[129],"implementation":[130],"for":[131,146],"simple":[132],"test":[133],"functions.":[134,148],"However,":[135],"enhanced":[136],"using":[138],"strategy":[143],"observed":[145],"complicate":[147]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}