{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1708394971","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2004.1331139","title":"A comparative study of differential evolution, particle swarm optimization, and evolutionary algorithms on numerical benchmark problems","display_name":"A comparative study of differential evolution, particle swarm optimization, and evolutionary algorithms on numerical benchmark problems","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-01-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1708394971","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2004.1331139","mag":"1708394971"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cec.2004.1331139","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2004.1331139","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2004 Congress on Evolutionary Computation (IEEE Cat. No.04TH8753)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055039312","display_name":"J\u00f8rgen Vesterstr\u00f8m","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204337017","display_name":"Aarhus University","ror":"https://ror.org/01aj84f44","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204337017"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J. Vesterstrom","raw_affiliation_strings":["BiRC-Bioinformatics Research Center, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark","Bioinformatics Research Center, Aarhus University, Denmark#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BiRC-Bioinformatics Research Center, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204337017"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bioinformatics Research Center, Aarhus University, Denmark#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204337017"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079781801","display_name":"Ren\u00e9 Thomsen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204337017","display_name":"Aarhus University","ror":"https://ror.org/01aj84f44","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204337017"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Thomsen","raw_affiliation_strings":["BiRC-Bioinformatics Research Center, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark","BiRC \u2013 Bioinformatics Research Center, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BiRC-Bioinformatics Research Center, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204337017"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"BiRC \u2013 Bioinformatics Research Center, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204337017"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055039312"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204337017"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":45.7087,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1204,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9988255,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1980","last_page":"1987"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10848","display_name":"Advanced Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.8787795901298523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential-evolution","display_name":"Differential evolution","score":0.8227207660675049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.7379200458526611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolutionary-algorithm","display_name":"Evolutionary algorithm","score":0.6643823385238647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5899380445480347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5717222094535828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolutionary-computation","display_name":"Evolutionary computation","score":0.5389599800109863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/suite","display_name":"Suite","score":0.5143183469772339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4979085922241211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metaheuristic","display_name":"Metaheuristic","score":0.4892299175262451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Multi-swarm optimization","score":0.4818350076675415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic","display_name":"Heuristic","score":0.4655844271183014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2841046452522278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.27446091175079346}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.8787795901298523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74750220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2662197","display_name":"Differential evolution","level":2,"score":0.8227207660675049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.7379200458526611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159149176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14489129","display_name":"Evolutionary algorithm","level":2,"score":0.6643823385238647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5899380445480347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5717222094535828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105902424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1197129","display_name":"Evolutionary computation","level":2,"score":0.5389599800109863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79581498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1367530","display_name":"Suite","level":2,"score":0.5143183469772339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4979085922241211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109718341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1385229","display_name":"Metaheuristic","level":2,"score":0.4892299175262451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122357587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6934508","display_name":"Multi-swarm optimization","level":3,"score":0.4818350076675415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.4655844271183014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2841046452522278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.27446091175079346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cec.2004.1331139","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2004.1331139","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2004 Congress on Evolutionary Computation (IEEE Cat. No.04TH8753)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338401","display_name":"Brain Injury Research Center","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W177635913","https://openalex.org/W1497256448","https://openalex.org/W1524363999","https://openalex.org/W1560921017","https://openalex.org/W1573534773","https://openalex.org/W1590392546","https://openalex.org/W1595159159","https://openalex.org/W1607535733","https://openalex.org/W1964981672","https://openalex.org/W1998674867","https://openalex.org/W2074916243","https://openalex.org/W2152195021","https://openalex.org/W2165299997","https://openalex.org/W2165713450","https://openalex.org/W3137715965","https://openalex.org/W6607293001"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2079579310","https://openalex.org/W2161494499","https://openalex.org/W2064731037","https://openalex.org/W1972566927","https://openalex.org/W2911636622","https://openalex.org/W2076297169","https://openalex.org/W3110639284","https://openalex.org/W4323922629","https://openalex.org/W3102725223","https://openalex.org/W2015132550"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Several":[0],"extensions":[1],"to":[2],"evolutionary":[3],"algorithms":[4],"(EAs)":[5],"and":[6,51,94],"particle":[7],"swarm":[8],"optimization":[9,59],"(PSO)":[10],"have":[11],"been":[12],"suggested":[13],"during":[14],"the":[15,46,84,99],"last":[16],"decades":[17],"offering":[18],"improved":[19],"performance":[20,36,47],"on":[21,65,88],"selected":[22],"benchmark":[23,72],"problems.":[24,73],"Recently,":[25],"another":[26],"search":[27],"heuristic":[28],"termed":[29],"differential":[30],"evolution":[31],"(DE)":[32],"has":[33],"shown":[34],"superior":[35],"in":[37],"several":[38],"real-world":[39],"applications.":[40],"In":[41],"this":[42],"paper,":[43],"we":[44],"evaluate":[45],"of":[48,68],"DE,":[49],"PSO,":[50],"EAs":[52],"regarding":[53],"their":[54],"general":[55],"applicability":[56],"as":[57],"numerical":[58],"techniques.":[60],"The":[61,74],"comparison":[62],"is":[63],"performed":[64],"a":[66],"suite":[67],"34":[69],"widely":[70],"used":[71],"results":[75],"from":[76],"our":[77],"study":[78],"show":[79],"that":[80],"DE":[81,93],"generally":[82],"outperforms":[83],"other":[85],"algorithms.":[86],"However,":[87],"two":[89],"noisy":[90],"functions,":[91],"both":[92],"PSO":[95],"were":[96],"outperformed":[97],"by":[98],"EA.":[100]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":45},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":56},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":68},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":76},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":94},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":89},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":107},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":85},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":94}],"updated_date":"2026-04-07T14:57:38.498316","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
