{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1948555716","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2004.1330877","title":"Probability and dynamics in the particle swarm","display_name":"Probability and dynamics in the particle swarm","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-09-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1948555716","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2004.1330877","mag":"1948555716"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cec.2004.1330877","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2004.1330877","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2004 Congress on Evolutionary Computation (IEEE Cat. No.04TH8753)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102905570","display_name":"James Kennedy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4788-5622"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1312264882","display_name":"United States Department of Labor","ror":"https://ror.org/05mbkbj54","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312264882"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290095210","display_name":"Bureau of Labor Statistics","ror":"https://ror.org/03z2d7y96","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290095210","https://openalex.org/I1312264882"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J. Kennedy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington D.C., DC, USA","Bur. of Labor Stat., Washington, DC, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington D.C., DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290095210"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bur. of Labor Stat., Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1312264882"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102905570"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290095210","https://openalex.org/I1312264882"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.8462,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":68,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9580432,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"340","last_page":"347"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13187","display_name":"Diffusion and Search Dynamics","score":0.9408000111579895,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emulation","display_name":"Emulation","score":0.914345383644104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.7331207990646362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swarm-behaviour","display_name":"Swarm behaviour","score":0.6950913071632385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5999434590339661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamics","display_name":"Dynamics (music)","score":0.5159064531326294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Multi-swarm optimization","score":0.49828243255615234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle","display_name":"Particle (ecology)","score":0.4726278483867645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swarm-robotics","display_name":"Swarm robotics","score":0.4557580053806305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.42522597312927246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3443831503391266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.24229314923286438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1897357702255249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.15101104974746704}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149810388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5374873","display_name":"Emulation","level":2,"score":0.914345383644104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.7331207990646362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181335050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14915018","display_name":"Swarm behaviour","level":2,"score":0.6950913071632385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5999434590339661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145912823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q113558","display_name":"Dynamics (music)","level":2,"score":0.5159064531326294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122357587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6934508","display_name":"Multi-swarm optimization","level":3,"score":0.49828243255615234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778517922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140482","display_name":"Particle (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.4726278483867645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169337768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2446723","display_name":"Swarm robotics","level":3,"score":0.4557580053806305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.42522597312927246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3443831503391266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.24229314923286438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1897357702255249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.15101104974746704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cec.2004.1330877","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2004.1330877","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2004 Congress on Evolutionary Computation (IEEE Cat. No.04TH8753)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W177635913","https://openalex.org/W1699954493","https://openalex.org/W1820051232","https://openalex.org/W2122036385","https://openalex.org/W2127931254","https://openalex.org/W2152195021","https://openalex.org/W2169245194","https://openalex.org/W6607293001","https://openalex.org/W6637305717"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1871202614","https://openalex.org/W4233987368","https://openalex.org/W2518382144","https://openalex.org/W1988876749","https://openalex.org/W3094438089","https://openalex.org/W65954170","https://openalex.org/W1600534566","https://openalex.org/W2350154411","https://openalex.org/W4229451618","https://openalex.org/W617387166"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"investigates":[2],"emulation":[3],"of":[4,12,18],"the":[5,10,19],"particle":[6,20],"swarm":[7,21],"algorithm":[8],"through":[9],"use":[11],"random":[13],"number":[14],"generators.":[15],"The":[16],"dynamics":[17],"seem":[22],"to":[23],"influence":[24],"its":[25],"performance.":[26],"Alternative":[27],"algorithms":[28],"are":[29],"investigated.":[30]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}