{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1792234087","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2002.1004470","title":"Multi-agent learning via implicit opponent modeling","display_name":"Multi-agent learning via implicit opponent modeling","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-06-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1792234087","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2002.1004470","mag":"1792234087"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cec.2002.1004470","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2002.1004470","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2002 Congress on Evolutionary Computation. CEC'02 (Cat. No.02TH8600)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009094215","display_name":"Ronald Bjarnason","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100005738","display_name":"Brigham Young University","ror":"https://ror.org/047rhhm47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100005738"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"R.V. Bjarnason","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Dept., Brigham Young University, Provo, UT","[Department of Computer Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Dept., Brigham Young University, Provo, UT","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100005738"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Computer Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100005738"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007362442","display_name":"Todd Peterson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100005738","display_name":"Brigham Young University","ror":"https://ror.org/047rhhm47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100005738"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T.S. Peterson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Dept., Brigham Young University, Provo, UT","[Department of Computer Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Dept., Brigham Young University, Provo, UT","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100005738"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Computer Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100005738"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5009094215"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100005738"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4259,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64318402,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":null,"first_page":"1534","last_page":"1539"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11031","display_name":"Game Theory and Applications","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11031","display_name":"Game Theory and Applications","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11574","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Games","score":0.9786999821662903,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7210725545883179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aliasing","display_name":"Aliasing","score":0.6289011836051941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterated-function","display_name":"Iterated function","score":0.6089022755622864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finite-state-machine","display_name":"Finite-state machine","score":0.5911300778388977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-automata","display_name":"Learning automata","score":0.5364220142364502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.5308132171630859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automaton","display_name":"Automaton","score":0.5257062315940857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5042418241500854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/action","display_name":"Action (physics)","score":0.4603431522846222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4280849099159241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fictitious-play","display_name":"Fictitious play","score":0.4243863821029663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.41193076968193054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4055935740470886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3495585322380066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.25662869215011597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.20272725820541382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nash-equilibrium","display_name":"Nash equilibrium","score":0.11706370115280151}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7210725545883179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4069607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868732","display_name":"Aliasing","level":3,"score":0.6289011836051941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140479938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5254619","display_name":"Iterated function","level":2,"score":0.6089022755622864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167822520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176452","display_name":"Finite-state machine","level":2,"score":0.5911300778388977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776807809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6510160","display_name":"Learning automata","level":3,"score":0.5364220142364502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.5308132171630859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112505250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q787116","display_name":"Automaton","level":2,"score":0.5257062315940857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5042418241500854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4603431522846222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4280849099159241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145071142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411116","display_name":"Fictitious play","level":3,"score":0.4243863821029663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.41193076968193054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4055935740470886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3495585322380066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.25662869215011597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.20272725820541382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46814582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23389","display_name":"Nash equilibrium","level":2,"score":0.11706370115280151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136536468","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1225894","display_name":"Undersampling","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cec.2002.1004470","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2002.1004470","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2002 Congress on Evolutionary Computation. CEC'02 (Cat. No.02TH8600)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.7400000095367432}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1551831724","https://openalex.org/W1570690983","https://openalex.org/W1702745767","https://openalex.org/W2062663664","https://openalex.org/W2109223704","https://openalex.org/W2110431754","https://openalex.org/W2167448192","https://openalex.org/W3011120880","https://openalex.org/W6665817581"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3103325625","https://openalex.org/W1486898455","https://openalex.org/W2100212762","https://openalex.org/W2047986527","https://openalex.org/W3090727460","https://openalex.org/W2041905724","https://openalex.org/W4306313719","https://openalex.org/W3128682647","https://openalex.org/W3200605392","https://openalex.org/W2070640879"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"present":[1],"a":[2],"learning":[3],"algorithm":[4,11,30],"for":[5],"two":[6],"player":[7],"stochastic":[8],"games.":[9],"The":[10,29],"generates":[12,31],"optimal":[13],"deterministic":[14],"finite":[15],"automata":[16],"(DFA)":[17],"strategies":[18],"against":[19],"opponents":[20],"who":[21],"can":[22],"be":[23],"modeled":[24],"by":[25],"probabilistic":[26],"action":[27],"automata.":[28],"dynamic":[32],"history":[33],"trees":[34],"based":[35],"on":[36],"statistical":[37],"tests":[38],"to":[39],"eliminate":[40],"state":[41],"aliasing.":[42],"Experiments":[43],"are":[44],"conducted":[45],"in":[46],"an":[47],"iterated":[48],"prisoner's":[49],"dilemma":[50],"environment.":[51]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}