{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7123350549","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cdc57313.2025.11312527","title":"Boiling Frogs: Generative Models, Synthetic Data, and the Opinions of their Users","display_name":"Boiling Frogs: Generative Models, Synthetic Data, and the Opinions of their Users","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7123350549","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cdc57313.2025.11312527"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cdc57313.2025.11312527","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cdc57313.2025.11312527","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 64th Conference on Decision and Control (CDC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122899980","display_name":"Matteo Marchi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matteo Marchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California at Los Angeles,Electrical and Computer Engineering Department,Los Angeles,CA,USA,90095"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California at Los Angeles,Electrical and Computer Engineering Department,Los Angeles,CA,USA,90095","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006751288","display_name":"Jo\u00e3o Pedro Silvestre","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jo\u00e3o Pedro Silvestre","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California at Los Angeles,Electrical and Computer Engineering Department,Los Angeles,CA,USA,90095"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California at Los Angeles,Electrical and Computer Engineering Department,Los Angeles,CA,USA,90095","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Stefano Soatto","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefano Soatto","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California at Los Angeles,Computer Science Department,Los Angeles,CA,USA,90095"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California at Los Angeles,Computer Science Department,Los Angeles,CA,USA,90095","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122873261","display_name":"Pratik Chaudhari","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I922845939","display_name":"Philadelphia University","ror":"https://ror.org/03zzmyz63","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I922845939"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pratik Chaudhari","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pennsylvania,Electrical and Systems Engineering Department,Philadelphia,PA,19104"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pennsylvania,Electrical and Systems Engineering Department,Philadelphia,PA,19104","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946","https://openalex.org/I922845939"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114367731","display_name":"Paulo Tabuada","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paulo Tabuada","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California at Los Angeles,Electrical and Computer Engineering Department,Los Angeles,CA,USA,90095"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California at Los Angeles,Electrical and Computer Engineering Department,Los Angeles,CA,USA,90095","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.56283404,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1112","last_page":"1117"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.15700000524520874,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.15700000524520874,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12090","display_name":"Language and cultural evolution","score":0.09520000219345093,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.07720000296831131,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.6331999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.6319000124931335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-model","display_name":"Generative model","score":0.5769000053405762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.5184999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamics","display_name":"Dynamics (music)","score":0.4702000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limit","display_name":"Limit (mathematics)","score":0.4578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outcome","display_name":"Outcome (game theory)","score":0.41609999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/action","display_name":"Action (physics)","score":0.36899998784065247}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.6331999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.6319000124931335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.5769000053405762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5494999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.5184999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145912823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q113558","display_name":"Dynamics (music)","level":2,"score":0.4702000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151201525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177239","display_name":"Limit (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148220186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7111912","display_name":"Outcome (game theory)","level":2,"score":0.41609999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.398499995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.37290000915527344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.36899998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151915977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5937740","display_name":"Human dynamics","level":2,"score":0.36570000648498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51632099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Training set","level":2,"score":0.3402999937534332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58489278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172284","display_name":"Data set","level":2,"score":0.32690000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777211547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141490","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.31779998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134698397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17946","display_name":"Public opinion","level":3,"score":0.3077999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.2904999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.28839999437332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.2734000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.26429998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.26350000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.2558000087738037}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cdc57313.2025.11312527","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cdc57313.2025.11312527","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 64th Conference on Decision and Control (CDC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.43046316504478455}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"advancements":[1],"in":[2],"generative":[3],"models":[4,21,73],"have":[5,66,119],"made":[6],"their":[7],"output":[8],"often":[9,79],"indistinguishable":[10],"from":[11],"human":[12,25],"generated":[13,26],"data.":[14],"As":[15],"a":[16,81,126],"result,":[17],"training":[18,72],"large":[19,51],"language":[20],"(LLMs)":[22],"exclusively":[23],"on":[24,74],"data":[27,40,54,92,117],"is":[28,131],"becoming":[29],"infeasible;":[30],"not":[31,86],"only":[32],"due":[33,44],"to":[34,45,56],"the":[35,39,46,50,58,69,104,111,136,140,162],"difficulty":[36],"of":[37,48,53,60,71,90,129,139],"determining":[38],"provenance":[41],"but":[42,93],"also":[43,155],"cost":[47],"curating":[49],"amounts":[52],"required":[55],"meet":[57],"demands":[59],"ever-larger":[61],"models.":[62],"Although":[63],"several":[64],"works":[65],"empirically":[67],"demonstrated":[68],"dangers":[70],"AI-generated":[75],"data,":[76],"these":[77],"studies":[78],"overlook":[80],"broader":[82],"phenomenon:":[83],"LLMs":[84,107],"are":[85,113],"merely":[87],"passive":[88],"products":[89],"internet":[91],"active":[94],"agents":[95],"that":[96,124,151],"shape":[97],"its":[98],"contents.In":[99],"this":[100],"paper":[101],"we":[102,149],"study":[103],"interaction":[105],"between":[106],"and":[108,167],"humans":[109,160],"when":[110],"latter":[112],"influenced":[114],"by":[115,133],"LLM-generated":[116],"or":[118],"immutable":[120],"opinions.":[121],"We":[122],"prove":[123],"if":[125],"sufficient":[127],"proportion":[128],"content":[130],"produced":[132],"stubborn":[134,159],"humans,":[135],"limit":[137],"set":[138],"opinion":[141,163],"dynamics":[142,164],"inflates,":[143],"preventing":[144],"total":[145],"model":[146],"collapse.":[147],"However,":[148],"note":[150],"such":[152],"outcome":[153],"can":[154],"be":[156],"interpreted":[157],"as":[158],"driving":[161],"thereby":[165],"shaping":[166],"controlling":[168],"online":[169],"discourse.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2026-01-14T00:00:00"}