{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391019946","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cdc49753.2023.10384221","title":"Fraud Detection and Deterrence in Electronic Voting Machines: A Game-Theoretic Approach","display_name":"Fraud Detection and Deterrence in Electronic Voting Machines: A Game-Theoretic Approach","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391019946","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cdc49753.2023.10384221"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cdc49753.2023.10384221","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cdc49753.2023.10384221","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 62nd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071465464","display_name":"Anuj S. Vora","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1077-8946"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Anuj S. Vora","raw_affiliation_strings":["Delft Center for Systems and Control, TU Delft,Delft,NL,2628CD"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Delft Center for Systems and Control, TU Delft,Delft,NL,2628CD","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069273068","display_name":"Ankur A. Kulkarni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8139-5216"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162827531","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Bombay","ror":"https://ror.org/02qyf5152","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162827531"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ankur A. Kulkarni","raw_affiliation_strings":["IIT Bombay,Systems and Control Engineering,Mumbai,India,400076"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IIT Bombay,Systems and Control Engineering,Mumbai,India,400076","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162827531"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071465464"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.20057231,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":null,"first_page":"3832","last_page":"3837"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13720","display_name":"Benford\u2019s Law and Fraud Detection","score":0.9624999761581421,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13720","display_name":"Benford\u2019s Law and Fraud Detection","score":0.9624999761581421,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11838","display_name":"Crime, Illicit Activities, and Governance","score":0.9401000142097473,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11674","display_name":"Sports Analytics and Performance","score":0.9297999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-voting","display_name":"Electronic voting","score":0.7871098518371582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deterrence","display_name":"Deterrence (psychology)","score":0.6871162056922913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voting","display_name":"Voting","score":0.6411151885986328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6076306104660034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6036345362663269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/game-theory","display_name":"Game theory","score":0.5228198766708374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.3418300747871399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-economics","display_name":"Mathematical economics","score":0.16314145922660828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/criminology","display_name":"Criminology","score":0.1587074100971222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.11195164918899536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.10410410165786743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.10167229175567627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.08944174647331238}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780612046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926161","display_name":"Electronic voting","level":4,"score":0.7871098518371582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780982575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q332142","display_name":"Deterrence (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6871162056922913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520049643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189760","display_name":"Voting","level":3,"score":0.6411151885986328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6076306104660034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6036345362663269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177142836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44455","display_name":"Game theory","level":2,"score":0.5228198766708374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.3418300747871399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.16314145922660828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73484699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733","display_name":"Criminology","level":1,"score":0.1587074100971222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.11195164918899536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.10410410165786743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.10167229175567627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.08944174647331238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cdc49753.2023.10384221","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cdc49753.2023.10384221","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 62nd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.8299999833106995}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972771043","https://openalex.org/W2045047916","https://openalex.org/W2990138404","https://openalex.org/W3081101825","https://openalex.org/W3101433250","https://openalex.org/W3113786991","https://openalex.org/W4234761190","https://openalex.org/W4280587659","https://openalex.org/W4285751475","https://openalex.org/W4302366875","https://openalex.org/W4313449776","https://openalex.org/W6767668287"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2185874782","https://openalex.org/W2141353354","https://openalex.org/W2510851679","https://openalex.org/W145315387","https://openalex.org/W3108317354","https://openalex.org/W4297573717","https://openalex.org/W1596100069","https://openalex.org/W4283692793","https://openalex.org/W4321843854","https://openalex.org/W157440325"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,34,62,87,173],"study":[1],"a":[2,5,39,78,167,179],"setting":[3,180],"where":[4,181],"detector":[6,43,67,103,122,183],"wishes":[7],"to":[8,22,178],"detect":[9],"and":[10,44,47,55],"deter":[11],"adversarial":[12],"manipulation":[13],"in":[14,72,163],"an":[15,89,157],"electronic":[16],"voting":[17],"machine.":[18],"An":[19],"adversary":[20,46,75,109,154],"tries":[21],"win":[23],"the":[24,28,42,45,49,53,56,66,74,92,96,102,108,116,121,126,135,153,176,182,188],"election":[25],"by":[26,115,132],"tampering":[27],"votes":[29],"while":[30],"obfuscating":[31],"its":[32,82],"manipulation.":[33,117],"pose":[35],"this":[36,145],"problem":[37],"as":[38],"game":[40],"between":[41],"characterize":[48],"equilibrium":[50,73],"payoffs":[51],"for":[52,91],"players":[54],"asymptotic":[57],"nature":[58],"of":[59,85,99,128,137,139,141,147,161,165,171],"these":[60],"payoffs.":[61],"find":[63],"that":[64,101,107,125],"if":[65,144],"is":[68,110,149],"too":[69,150],"cautious,":[70],"then":[71,152,174],"wins":[76],"with":[77],"probability":[79,84,127,140,160,170],"higher":[80],"than":[81],"prior":[83,169],"winning.":[86,172],"derive":[88],"expression":[90],"deterrence":[93],"threshold,":[94],"i.e.,":[95],"minimum":[97],"level":[98],"false-alarm":[100],"should":[104],"endure":[105],"so":[106],"not":[111],"any":[112],"better":[113],"off":[114],"With":[118],"this,":[119],"asymptotically,":[120],"can":[123,155],"ensure":[124],"missed-detection":[129],"becomes":[130],"zero":[131],"appropriately":[133],"adjusting":[134],"rate":[136,146],"decay":[138,148],"false-alarm.":[142],"But":[143],"\u2018fast\u2019,":[151],"get":[156],"arbitrarily":[158],"high":[159],"winning":[162],"spite":[164],"having":[166],"vanishing":[168],"extend":[175],"results":[177],"has":[184],"incomplete":[185],"information":[186],"about":[187],"adversary.":[189]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-23T23:11:35.936235","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
