{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391020088","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cdc49753.2023.10383996","title":"Balancing the Power Grid with Cheap Assets","display_name":"Balancing the Power Grid with Cheap Assets","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391020088","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cdc49753.2023.10383996"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cdc49753.2023.10383996","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cdc49753.2023.10383996","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 62nd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047988825","display_name":"Sean Meyn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8558-365X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","display_name":"University of Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sean Meyn","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Florida,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Gainesville,FL,USA,32611"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Florida,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Gainesville,FL,USA,32611","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100371042","display_name":"Fan L\u00fc","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8794-6944"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","display_name":"University of Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fan Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Florida,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Gainesville,FL,USA,32611"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Florida,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Gainesville,FL,USA,32611","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082058815","display_name":"Joel Mathias","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9711-4607"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joel Mathias","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical, Computer, and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University,Tempe,AZ,USA,85281"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical, Computer, and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University,Tempe,AZ,USA,85281","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047988825"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1418,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.4905026,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"4012","last_page":"4017"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9896000027656555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.5331021547317505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-grid","display_name":"Power grid","score":0.5328800082206726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.46697402000427246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.3750302791595459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.11332222819328308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.06593367457389832}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.5331021547317505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983254600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096907","display_name":"Power grid","level":3,"score":0.5328800082206726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.46697402000427246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3750302791595459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.11332222819328308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.06593367457389832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cdc49753.2023.10383996","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cdc49753.2023.10383996","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 62nd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4099999964237213,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5807635677","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2122313","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2000502807","https://openalex.org/W2010029789","https://openalex.org/W2010740413","https://openalex.org/W2090227290","https://openalex.org/W2093313974","https://openalex.org/W2102628180","https://openalex.org/W2160327646","https://openalex.org/W2160698719","https://openalex.org/W2327685928","https://openalex.org/W2582816898","https://openalex.org/W2803820591","https://openalex.org/W2912967921","https://openalex.org/W2920665116","https://openalex.org/W3011351713","https://openalex.org/W3011716850","https://openalex.org/W3012490472","https://openalex.org/W3100027482","https://openalex.org/W3134868828","https://openalex.org/W3183922633","https://openalex.org/W4200081651","https://openalex.org/W4285103600","https://openalex.org/W4306815339","https://openalex.org/W4323022412","https://openalex.org/W4383337638","https://openalex.org/W4391020205"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052","https://openalex.org/W4402327032","https://openalex.org/W2382290278"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"have":[1],"all":[2,38],"heard":[3],"that":[4,238],"there":[5,43],"is":[6,44,76,91,117,142,171,177,195,217,236],"growing":[7,46],"need":[8],"to":[9,12,51,78,119,168,185,213,229,242],"secure":[10],"resources":[11],"obtain":[13,52],"supply-demand":[14],"balance":[15],"in":[16,36,73,107,152,198,222],"a":[17,45,80,120,134,153,158,199,223],"power":[18],"grid":[19],"facing":[20],"increasing":[21],"volatility":[22],"from":[23,56,205],"renewable":[24],"sources":[25],"of":[26,48,83,94,136],"energy.":[27],"There":[28],"are":[29,211],"mandates":[30],"for":[31,68,85,147,188],"utility":[32],"scale":[33],"battery":[34],"systems":[35],"regions":[37],"over":[39],"the":[40,87,95,104,144,174,192],"world,":[41],"and":[42,66,162],"science":[47],"\u201cdemand":[49],"dispatch\u201d":[50],"virtual":[53],"energy":[54],"storage":[55],"flexible":[57],"electric":[58],"loads":[59],"such":[60],"as":[61,103],"water":[62],"heaters,":[63],"air":[64],"conditioning,":[65],"pumps":[67],"irrigation.":[69],"The":[70,89,113,166],"question":[71],"addressed":[72],"this":[74,179],"tutorial":[75],"how":[77],"manage":[79],"large":[81],"number":[82],"assets":[84],"balancing":[86],"grid.":[88],"focus":[90],"on":[92],"variants":[93],"economic":[96],"dispatch":[97],"problem,":[98],"which":[99],"may":[100,182],"be":[101,183],"regarded":[102],"\u201cfeed-forward\u201d":[105],"component":[106],"an":[108],"overall":[109],"control":[110,124,170,245],"architecture.":[111],"1)":[112],"resource":[114],"allocation":[115],"problem":[116,125],"identical":[118],"finite":[121],"horizon":[122],"optimal":[123,189,193],"with":[126],"degenerate":[127],"cost-so":[128],"called":[129],"\u201ccheap":[130],"control\u201d.":[131],"This":[132],"implies":[133],"form":[135,141],"state":[137],"space":[138],"collapse,":[139],"whose":[140],"identified:":[143],"marginal":[145],"cost":[146],"each":[148,186],"load":[149],"class":[150],"evolves":[151],"two-dimensional":[154],"subspace,":[155],"spanned":[156],"by":[157],"scalar":[159],"co-state":[160,175],"process":[161,176],"its":[163],"derivative.":[164],"2)":[165],"implication":[167],"distributed":[169],"remarkable.":[172],"Once":[173],"synthesized,":[178],"common":[180],"signal":[181],"broadcast":[184],"asset":[187],"control.":[190],"However,":[191],"solution":[194],"extremely":[196],"fragile,":[197],"sense":[200],"made":[201],"clear":[202],"through":[203,219],"results":[204],"numerical":[206,233],"studies.":[207],"3)":[208],"Several":[209],"remedies":[210],"proposed":[212],"address":[214],"fragility.":[215],"One":[216],"described":[218],"\u201crobust":[220],"training\u201d":[221],"particular":[224],"Q-learning":[225],"architecture":[226],"(one":[227],"approach":[228],"reinforcement":[230],"learning).":[231],"In":[232],"studies":[234],"it":[235],"found":[237],"specialized":[239],"training":[240],"leads":[241],"more":[243],"robust":[244],"solutions.":[246]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
