{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391020308","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cdc49753.2023.10383498","title":"Two-Stage Solution for Ancilla-Assisted Quantum Process Tomography: Error Analysis and Optimal Design","display_name":"Two-Stage Solution for Ancilla-Assisted Quantum Process Tomography: Error Analysis and Optimal Design","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391020308","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cdc49753.2023.10383498"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cdc49753.2023.10383498","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cdc49753.2023.10383498","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 62nd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076115666","display_name":"Shuixin Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9844-4069"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118347636","display_name":"Australian National University","ror":"https://ror.org/019wvm592","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118347636"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188329596","display_name":"University of Canberra","ror":"https://ror.org/04s1nv328","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188329596"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU","CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuixin Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan - Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai,China,200240","School of Engineering and Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra ACT, Australia","School of Engineering, Australian National University, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan - Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai,China,200240","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra ACT, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188329596","https://openalex.org/I31746571"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, Australian National University, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118347636"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101720886","display_name":"Yuanlong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7340-5971"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120485","display_name":"Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science","ror":"https://ror.org/02jkmyk67","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210120485"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanlong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese Academy of Sciences,Key Laboratory of Systems and Control, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science,Beijing,China,100190"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Sciences,Key Laboratory of Systems and Control, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science,Beijing,China,100190","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210120485"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000582423","display_name":"Daoyi Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7425-3559"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118347636","display_name":"Australian National University","ror":"https://ror.org/019wvm592","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118347636"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188329596","display_name":"University of Canberra","ror":"https://ror.org/04s1nv328","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188329596"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daoyi Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, Australian National University,Australia,2601","School of Engineering and Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra ACT, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, Australian National University,Australia,2601","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118347636"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra ACT, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188329596","https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100433063","display_name":"Jun Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7686-2000"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan - Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai,China,200240"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan - Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai,China,200240","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"7178","last_page":"7183"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10622","display_name":"Quantum Mechanics and Applications","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimension","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","score":0.6799296140670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5300837755203247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-computer","display_name":"Quantum computer","score":0.5217093825340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.5120049118995667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4820047914981842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.47869518399238586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.39772412180900574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.3700352907180786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.32359570264816284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pure-mathematics","display_name":"Pure mathematics","score":0.2506323456764221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.19547796249389648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.19059127569198608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.10462117195129395}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33676613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415176","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.6799296140670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5300837755203247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58053490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176555","display_name":"Quantum computer","level":3,"score":0.5217093825340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.5120049118995667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4820047914981842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.47869518399238586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.39772412180900574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.3700352907180786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.32359570264816284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.2506323456764221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.19547796249389648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.19059127569198608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.10462117195129395}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cdc49753.2023.10383498","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cdc49753.2023.10383498","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 62nd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3378024488","display_name":"Control and learning for enhancing capabilities of quantum sensors","funder_award_id":"FT220100656","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G853719818","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62173229,12288201","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","display_name":"Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05mmh0f86"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1530682388","https://openalex.org/W1539883696","https://openalex.org/W1925468567","https://openalex.org/W1970167444","https://openalex.org/W1977997915","https://openalex.org/W1984964553","https://openalex.org/W1988974364","https://openalex.org/W2011260430","https://openalex.org/W2013926299","https://openalex.org/W2037333166","https://openalex.org/W2037757747","https://openalex.org/W2049911843","https://openalex.org/W2050510361","https://openalex.org/W2071912526","https://openalex.org/W2075892056","https://openalex.org/W2078116645","https://openalex.org/W2086187371","https://openalex.org/W2086429680","https://openalex.org/W2091466644","https://openalex.org/W2117302943","https://openalex.org/W2125068982","https://openalex.org/W2136265395","https://openalex.org/W2287577556","https://openalex.org/W2288761110","https://openalex.org/W2525712848","https://openalex.org/W2539509463","https://openalex.org/W2725161044","https://openalex.org/W2891975265","https://openalex.org/W2908358343","https://openalex.org/W2946009188","https://openalex.org/W2987937139","https://openalex.org/W2990961515","https://openalex.org/W3003286839","https://openalex.org/W3037447387","https://openalex.org/W3100151433","https://openalex.org/W3100618497","https://openalex.org/W3102961503","https://openalex.org/W3111237355","https://openalex.org/W3156415988","https://openalex.org/W3174573886","https://openalex.org/W3178193922","https://openalex.org/W4210763642","https://openalex.org/W4220994303","https://openalex.org/W4221159779","https://openalex.org/W4224246473","https://openalex.org/W4226052701","https://openalex.org/W4315488997","https://openalex.org/W4317941448","https://openalex.org/W4360898630","https://openalex.org/W4381059941"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W1987895267","https://openalex.org/W2350519135","https://openalex.org/W2390619334","https://openalex.org/W2052190160","https://openalex.org/W1482475713","https://openalex.org/W2375327612","https://openalex.org/W2491835820","https://openalex.org/W4292003887","https://openalex.org/W2365099857"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Quantum":[0],"process":[1,21,125],"tomography":[2,22],"(QPT)":[3],"is":[4,36,68,79,92],"a":[5,32,46,122],"fundamental":[6],"task":[7],"to":[8,17,53],"characterize":[9],"the":[10,43,69,73,80,83,93,96,109,113,127,130,135],"dynamics":[11],"of":[12,72,82,86,95,129],"quantum":[13,84],"systems.":[14],"In":[15,38],"contrast":[16],"standard":[18,51],"QPT,":[19,52],"ancilla-assisted":[20],"(AAPT)":[23],"framework":[24],"introduces":[25],"an":[26,102],"extra":[27],"ancilla":[28,97],"system":[29,85],"such":[30],"that":[31],"single":[33],"input":[34,114],"state":[35,115],"needed.":[37],"this":[39],"paper,":[40],"we":[41,100],"extend":[42],"two-stage":[44],"solution,":[45],"method":[47],"originally":[48],"designed":[49],"for":[50],"perform":[54],"AAPT.":[55,117],"Our":[56],"algorithm":[57],"has":[58],"<tex":[59,65,76,89],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[60,66,77,90],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">$O(Md_{A}^{2}d_{B}^{2})$</tex>":[61],"computational":[62],"complexity":[63],"where":[64],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">$M$</tex>":[67],"type":[70],"number":[71],"measurement":[74],"operators,":[75],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">$d_{A}$</tex>":[78],"dimension":[81,94],"interest,":[87],"and":[88,106,133],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">$d_{B}$</tex>":[91],"system.":[98],"Then":[99],"establish":[101],"error":[103,137],"upper":[104],"bound":[105],"further":[107],"discuss":[108],"optimal":[110,131],"design":[111,132],"on":[112,121],"in":[116],"A":[118],"numerical":[119],"example":[120],"phase":[123],"damping":[124],"demonstrates":[126],"effectiveness":[128],"illustrates":[134],"theoretical":[136],"analysis.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}