{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2034984097","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cdc.2014.7040261","title":"A linear time algorithm to verify strong structural controllability","display_name":"A linear time algorithm to verify strong structural controllability","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2034984097","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cdc.2014.7040261","mag":"2034984097"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cdc.2014.7040261","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cdc.2014.7040261","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"53rd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1412.6792","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025708846","display_name":"Alexander Weber","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4708-7583"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40527276","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05kkv3f82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1315109972","https://openalex.org/I40527276","https://openalex.org/I4387152969"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Weber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. Aerospace Eng., University of the Federal Armed Forces Munich, Neubiberg Munich, Germany","University of the Federal Armed Forces Munich, Dept. Aerospace Eng., Inst. of Control Eng. (LRT-15), D-85577 Neubiberg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. Aerospace Eng., University of the Federal Armed Forces Munich, Neubiberg Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40527276"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Federal Armed Forces Munich, Dept. Aerospace Eng., Inst. of Control Eng. (LRT-15), D-85577 Neubiberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40527276"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064617180","display_name":"Gunther Rei\u00dfig","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9044-8906"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40527276","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05kkv3f82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1315109972","https://openalex.org/I40527276","https://openalex.org/I4387152969"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gunther Reissig","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. Aerospace Eng., University of the Federal Armed Forces Munich, Neubiberg Munich, Germany","University of the Federal Armed Forces Munich, Dept. Aerospace Eng., Inst. of Control Eng. (LRT-15), D-85577 Neubiberg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. Aerospace Eng., University of the Federal Armed Forces Munich, Neubiberg Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40527276"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Federal Armed Forces Munich, Dept. Aerospace Eng., Inst. of Control Eng. (LRT-15), D-85577 Neubiberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40527276"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045170192","display_name":"Ferdinand Svaricek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2930-2876"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40527276","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05kkv3f82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1315109972","https://openalex.org/I40527276","https://openalex.org/I4387152969"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ferdinand Svaricek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. Aerospace Eng., University of the Federal Armed Forces Munich, Neubiberg Munich, Germany","University of the Federal Armed Forces Munich, Dept. Aerospace Eng., Inst. of Control Eng. (LRT-15), D-85577 Neubiberg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. Aerospace Eng., University of the Federal Armed Forces Munich, Neubiberg Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40527276"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Federal Armed Forces Munich, Dept. Aerospace Eng., Inst. of Control Eng. (LRT-15), D-85577 Neubiberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40527276"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40527276"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7147,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71787124,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"5574","last_page":"5580"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10792","display_name":"Matrix Theory and Algorithms","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10792","display_name":"Matrix Theory and Algorithms","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12303","display_name":"Tensor decomposition and applications","score":0.9891999959945679,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2605","display_name":"Computational Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9854999780654907,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controllability","display_name":"Controllability","score":0.9007858037948608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transpose","display_name":"Transpose","score":0.738266110420227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","score":0.5745579600334167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.5383760333061218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5263974666595459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-complexity","display_name":"Time complexity","score":0.5156313180923462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.5031673312187195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-structure","display_name":"Data structure","score":0.48952755331993103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.45915287733078003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.42055684328079224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/square","display_name":"Square (algebra)","score":0.4143086373806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.4106595814228058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2895382344722748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-mathematics","display_name":"Applied mathematics","score":0.19112104177474976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.18391987681388855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.09442558884620667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eigenvalues-and-eigenvectors","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","score":0.08548301458358765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.058865636587142944}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48209547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1331104","display_name":"Controllability","level":2,"score":0.9007858037948608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200106649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223683","display_name":"Transpose","level":3,"score":0.738266110420227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5745579600334167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.5383760333061218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5263974666595459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C311688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2393193","display_name":"Time complexity","level":2,"score":0.5156313180923462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.5031673312187195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162319229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175263","display_name":"Data structure","level":2,"score":0.48952755331993103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.45915287733078003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.42055684328079224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135692309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111124","display_name":"Square (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.4143086373806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4106595814228058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2895382344722748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.19112104177474976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.18391987681388855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.09442558884620667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158693339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190524","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","level":2,"score":0.08548301458358765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.058865636587142944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cdc.2014.7040261","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cdc.2014.7040261","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"53rd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1412.6792","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1412.6792","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1412.6792","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1412.6792","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1412.6792","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1412.6792","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1484739396","https://openalex.org/W1556353120","https://openalex.org/W1575701986","https://openalex.org/W1577364748","https://openalex.org/W1990421243","https://openalex.org/W2013938017","https://openalex.org/W2025098296","https://openalex.org/W2042973636","https://openalex.org/W2049708951","https://openalex.org/W2055340995","https://openalex.org/W2060608631","https://openalex.org/W2064006648","https://openalex.org/W2075198271","https://openalex.org/W2089437293","https://openalex.org/W2097118468","https://openalex.org/W2101029035","https://openalex.org/W2101420429","https://openalex.org/W2106308430","https://openalex.org/W2114648675","https://openalex.org/W2140874052","https://openalex.org/W2154590891","https://openalex.org/W2169255233","https://openalex.org/W3099197660","https://openalex.org/W4239216443","https://openalex.org/W6647777513","https://openalex.org/W6809026551"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2036697162","https://openalex.org/W2332386680","https://openalex.org/W2561315646","https://openalex.org/W2248621902","https://openalex.org/W2003779889","https://openalex.org/W4205698120","https://openalex.org/W4239246781","https://openalex.org/W2164760767","https://openalex.org/W2542825942","https://openalex.org/W3201620972"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,54,120],"prove":[1],"that":[2],"strong":[3,71],"structural":[4,10,72,91],"controllability":[5,73],"of":[6,9,36,38,48,124,129],"a":[7,65,104,108],"pair":[8],"matrices":[11],"(A,":[12,52,93],"B)":[13,94],"can":[14],"be":[15],"verified":[16],"in":[17,20,51],"time":[18,81],"linear":[19],"n":[21,30],"+":[22,24],"r":[23,32],"v,":[25],"where":[26],"A":[27,39],"is":[28,45,83],"square,":[29],"and":[31,40,43,74,95,107,132],"denote":[33],"the":[34,46,90,99,115,118,122],"number":[35,47],"columns":[37],"B,":[41],"respectively,":[42],"v":[44],"non-zero":[49],"entries":[50],"B).":[53],"also":[55],"present":[56],"an":[57],"algorithm":[58,126],"realizing":[59],"this":[60],"bound,":[61],"which":[62],"depends":[63],"on":[64],"recent,":[66],"high-level":[67],"method":[68],"to":[69,112],"verify":[70],"uses":[75],"sparse":[76],"matrix":[77,92],"data":[78,101,116],"structures.":[79],"Linear":[80],"complexity":[82],"actually":[84],"achieved":[85],"by":[86],"separately":[87],"storing":[88],"both":[89],"its":[96],"transpose,":[97],"linking":[98],"two":[100],"structures":[102],"through":[103],"third":[105],"one,":[106],"novel,":[109],"efficient":[110],"scheme":[111],"update":[113],"all":[114],"during":[117],"computations.":[119],"illustrate":[121],"performance":[123],"our":[125],"using":[127],"systems":[128],"various":[130],"sizes":[131],"sparsity.":[133]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-03T08:13:44.112507","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
