{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2080777453","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cdc.2013.6761130","title":"PHD filter for multi-target tracking by variational Bayesian approximation","display_name":"PHD filter for multi-target tracking by variational Bayesian approximation","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2080777453","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cdc.2013.6761130","mag":"2080777453"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cdc.2013.6761130","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cdc.2013.6761130","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"52nd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073580810","display_name":"Wenling Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9130-5736"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wenling Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seventh Research Division, Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing, China","Seventh Res. Div., Beihang Univ. (BUAA), Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seventh Research Division, Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seventh Res. Div., Beihang Univ. (BUAA), Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014676052","display_name":"Yingmin Jia","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yingmin Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Telecommunications Software and Multimedia, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","Seventh Res. Div., Beihang Univ. (BUAA), Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Telecommunications Software and Multimedia, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seventh Res. Div., Beihang Univ. (BUAA), Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102058365","display_name":"Junping Du","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junping Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing, China","Beijing Key Lab. of Intell. Telecommun. Software & Multimedia, Beijing Univ. of Posts & Telecommun., Beijing, China#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Key Lab. of Intell. Telecommun. Software & Multimedia, Beijing Univ. of Posts & Telecommun., Beijing, China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053843140","display_name":"Jun Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0523-5322"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing, China","Sch. of Electron. & Inf. Eng., Beihang Univ. (BUAA), Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sch. of Electron. & Inf. Eng., Beihang Univ. (BUAA), Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5073580810"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9618,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82456664,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"7815","last_page":"7820"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12814","display_name":"Gaussian Processes and Bayesian Inference","score":0.960099995136261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12879","display_name":"Distributed Sensor Networks and Detection Algorithms","score":0.9430000185966492,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recursion","display_name":"Recursion (computer science)","score":0.7271016836166382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.6371771693229675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-probability","display_name":"Bayesian probability","score":0.6278623342514038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/posterior-probability","display_name":"Posterior probability","score":0.576666533946991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variance","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","score":0.5505887269973755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse-gamma-distribution","display_name":"Inverse-gamma distribution","score":0.5444440245628357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.5406479835510254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conjugate-prior","display_name":"Conjugate prior","score":0.5361805558204651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5305792689323425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.5155456066131592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marginal-likelihood","display_name":"Marginal likelihood","score":0.5023312568664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian-noise","display_name":"Gaussian noise","score":0.4918067753314972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4902341961860657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.4679267406463623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.42451661825180054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-mathematics","display_name":"Applied mathematics","score":0.4232833981513977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse","display_name":"Inverse","score":0.4229128360748291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.29355043172836304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.2886672019958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probability-distribution","display_name":"Probability distribution","score":0.22896212339401245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse-chi-squared-distribution","display_name":"Inverse-chi-squared distribution","score":0.12542802095413208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10678344964981079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.08737385272979736}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168773036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q264164","display_name":"Recursion (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.7271016836166382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.6371771693229675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.6278623342514038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57830394","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278079","display_name":"Posterior probability","level":3,"score":0.576666533946991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196083921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915758","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","level":2,"score":0.5505887269973755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4646027","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3258521","display_name":"Inverse-gamma distribution","level":5,"score":0.5444440245628357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5406479835510254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26004113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3711784","display_name":"Conjugate prior","level":4,"score":0.5361805558204651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5305792689323425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.5155456066131592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95923904","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6760420","display_name":"Marginal likelihood","level":3,"score":0.5023312568664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4199805","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2725903","display_name":"Gaussian noise","level":2,"score":0.4918067753314972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4902341961860657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.4679267406463623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.42451661825180054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.4232833981513977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207467116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4385666","display_name":"Inverse","level":2,"score":0.4229128360748291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.29355043172836304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.2886672019958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149441793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200726","display_name":"Probability distribution","level":2,"score":0.22896212339401245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57205106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3258519","display_name":"Inverse-chi-squared distribution","level":4,"score":0.12542802095413208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10678344964981079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.08737385272979736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160947583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2083147","display_name":"Distribution fitting","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cdc.2013.6761130","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cdc.2013.6761130","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"52nd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W34992941","https://openalex.org/W1604481327","https://openalex.org/W1997202612","https://openalex.org/W1999616028","https://openalex.org/W2014787937","https://openalex.org/W2055412590","https://openalex.org/W2077495158","https://openalex.org/W2078812312","https://openalex.org/W2095376999","https://openalex.org/W2095925246","https://openalex.org/W2103124057","https://openalex.org/W2105905583","https://openalex.org/W2123185183","https://openalex.org/W2123378338","https://openalex.org/W2125431514","https://openalex.org/W2137585588","https://openalex.org/W2149900846","https://openalex.org/W2158501888","https://openalex.org/W2169346523","https://openalex.org/W2171911691","https://openalex.org/W2594639291","https://openalex.org/W4247690662"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2958433599","https://openalex.org/W2142345127","https://openalex.org/W2171321819","https://openalex.org/W285674031","https://openalex.org/W4302562250","https://openalex.org/W2787783668","https://openalex.org/W1503346991","https://openalex.org/W4230033664","https://openalex.org/W2472610123","https://openalex.org/W4307765029"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"address":[4],"the":[5,17,25,34,41,44,53,60,63,72,76,83,86,95,100,104,107,119,122],"problem":[6],"of":[7,27,43,68,121],"multi-target":[8],"tracking":[9],"with":[10],"unknown":[11],"measurement":[12],"noise":[13,32,45,77],"variance":[14,46,78],"parameters":[15,47,79],"by":[16,58],"probability":[18],"hypothesis":[19],"density":[20],"(PHD)":[21],"filter.":[22,124],"Based":[23],"on":[24],"concept":[26],"conjugate":[28],"prior":[29,105],"distributions":[30,36],"for":[31],"statistics,":[33],"inverse-Gamma":[35],"are":[37,80],"employed":[38],"to":[39,52,117],"describe":[40],"dynamics":[42],"and":[48,62,75,106],"a":[49],"novel":[50],"implementation":[51],"PHD":[54],"recursion":[55],"is":[56,91,97,110,115],"developed":[57],"representing":[59],"predicted":[61],"posterior":[64,96],"intensities":[65],"as":[66,103],"mixtures":[67],"Gaussian-inverse-Gamma":[69],"terms.":[70],"As":[71],"target":[73],"state":[74],"coupled":[81],"in":[82,99],"likelihood":[84],"functions,":[85],"variational":[87],"Bayesian":[88],"approximation":[89],"approach":[90],"applied":[92],"so":[93],"that":[94],"derived":[98],"same":[101],"form":[102],"resulting":[108],"algorithm":[109],"recursive.":[111],"A":[112],"numerical":[113],"example":[114],"provided":[116],"illustrate":[118],"effectiveness":[120],"proposed":[123]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
