{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2012671687","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cdc.2011.6161230","title":"Toward estimating concentration fields in biological hydrogels using point sensors","display_name":"Toward estimating concentration fields in biological hydrogels using point sensors","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2012671687","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cdc.2011.6161230","mag":"2012671687"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cdc.2011.6161230","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cdc.2011.6161230","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Conference on Decision and Control and European Control Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072486930","display_name":"Justin P. Mattimore","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8078737","display_name":"Clemson University","ror":"https://ror.org/037s24f05","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Justin P. Mattimore","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Clemson University, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer#R#        Engineering, Clemson University, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Clemson University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer#R#        Engineering, Clemson University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046707769","display_name":"Richard E. Groff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6994-821X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8078737","display_name":"Clemson University","ror":"https://ror.org/037s24f05","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard E. Groff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Clemson University, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer#R#        Engineering, Clemson University, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Clemson University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer#R#        Engineering, Clemson University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050340682","display_name":"William Kolodzey","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8078737","display_name":"Clemson University","ror":"https://ror.org/037s24f05","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William Kolodzey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Clemson University, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer#R#        Engineering, Clemson University, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Clemson University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer#R#        Engineering, Clemson University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072486930"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.04732798,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":null,"first_page":"4560","last_page":"4565"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10540","display_name":"Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques","score":0.9850000143051147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10540","display_name":"Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques","score":0.9850000143051147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11472","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry and Sensors","score":0.9750000238418579,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1502","display_name":"Bioengineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9688000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kalman-filter","display_name":"Kalman filter","score":0.7428721189498901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.6049774885177612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biological-system","display_name":"Biological system","score":0.6028180718421936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.55741947889328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diffusion","display_name":"Diffusion","score":0.5483719110488892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.51601243019104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.47964054346084595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation-theory","display_name":"Estimation theory","score":0.44847744703292847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diffusion-process","display_name":"Diffusion process","score":0.42738574743270874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/galerkin-method","display_name":"Galerkin method","score":0.4172615110874176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.4128257930278778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.35799461603164673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.26555952429771423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2310025990009308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2022542953491211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1411086618900299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finite-element-method","display_name":"Finite element method","score":0.12954211235046387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.10717582702636719}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157286648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846780","display_name":"Kalman filter","level":2,"score":0.7428721189498901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.6049774885177612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186060115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30336093","display_name":"Biological system","level":1,"score":0.6028180718421936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.55741947889328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69357855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163214","display_name":"Diffusion","level":2,"score":0.5483719110488892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.51601243019104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.47964054346084595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167928553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376021","display_name":"Estimation theory","level":2,"score":0.44847744703292847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68710425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5275442","display_name":"Diffusion process","level":3,"score":0.42738574743270874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186899397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1491980","display_name":"Galerkin method","level":3,"score":0.4172615110874176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.4128257930278778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.35799461603164673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.26555952429771423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2310025990009308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2022542953491211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1411086618900299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135628077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220184","display_name":"Finite element method","level":2,"score":0.12954211235046387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.10717582702636719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017618536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q304994","display_name":"Innovation diffusion","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cdc.2011.6161230","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cdc.2011.6161230","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Conference on Decision and Control and European Control Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W39767160","https://openalex.org/W1579236455","https://openalex.org/W2004919683","https://openalex.org/W2011600015","https://openalex.org/W2031237391","https://openalex.org/W2044257758","https://openalex.org/W2070050569","https://openalex.org/W2123742782","https://openalex.org/W2134215366","https://openalex.org/W2134828149","https://openalex.org/W2138926677","https://openalex.org/W2140563796","https://openalex.org/W2274275468","https://openalex.org/W6601610641"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4287880334","https://openalex.org/W4366700029","https://openalex.org/W4285230481","https://openalex.org/W4385769873","https://openalex.org/W4281634296","https://openalex.org/W4319161863","https://openalex.org/W2371687270","https://openalex.org/W4311888330","https://openalex.org/W2517641583","https://openalex.org/W2370409284"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,39],"paper":[1,40],"is":[2,71,82,91,106],"motivated":[3],"by":[4,21,108],"problems":[5],"from":[6,101],"biology":[7],"involving":[8],"estimation":[9,59],"of":[10,56,98,128,133,140,153],"concentration":[11,57,87],"fields":[12],"in":[13],"a":[14,42,77,102],"tissue":[15],"sample":[16],"using":[17,60,73],"point":[18,61],"measurements":[19],"given":[20],"optical":[22],"contactless":[23],"biosensors.":[24],"Due":[25],"to":[26,84,94,113,124,136,149],"biological":[27],"constraints,":[28],"the":[29,54,68,86,110,114,121,126,138],"sensors":[30],"may":[31],"only":[32],"be":[33],"sparsely":[34],"distributed":[35],"and":[36,49,76,131,146,148],"intermittently":[37],"monitored.":[38],"proposes":[41],"nonbiological":[43],"experimental":[44,95,122],"platform,":[45],"based":[46],"on":[47],"hydrogel":[48],"dye":[50],"diffusion,":[51],"for":[52,67],"studying":[53],"problem":[55],"field":[58],"sensors.":[62],"A":[63],"reduced":[64],"order":[65],"model":[66],"diffusion":[69,103],"system":[70],"derived":[72],"Karhunen-Lo\u00e9ve-Galerkin":[74],"method":[75],"discrete":[78],"time":[79],"Kalman":[80],"filter":[81],"used":[83],"estimate":[85],"field.":[88],"The":[89],"estimator":[90],"then":[92],"applied":[93],"data":[96],"consisting":[97],"subsampled":[99],"images":[100],"process.":[104],"Performance":[105],"evaluated":[107],"comparing":[109],"state":[111],"estimates":[112],"original":[115],"images.":[116],"Future":[117],"work":[118],"will":[119],"use":[120],"platform":[123],"study":[125],"effects":[127,139],"spatial":[129],"distribution":[130],"timing":[132],"sensor":[134],"measurements,":[135],"examine":[137],"additional":[141],"dynamics":[142],"such":[143],"as":[144],"advection":[145],"reaction,":[147],"perform":[150],"online":[151],"identification":[152],"process":[154],"parameters.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}