{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4214835589","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ccwc54503.2022.9720783","title":"Employability Prediction of Engineering Graduates Using Ensemble Classification Modeling","display_name":"Employability Prediction of Engineering Graduates Using Ensemble Classification Modeling","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4214835589","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ccwc54503.2022.9720783"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ccwc54503.2022.9720783","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ccwc54503.2022.9720783","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608098","display_name":"2022 IEEE 12th Annual Computing and Communication Workshop and Conference (CCWC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE 12th Annual Computing and Communication Workshop and Conference (CCWC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066853500","display_name":"Renato R. Maaliw","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7310-2708"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I298027637","display_name":"Southern Luzon State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00x4epv84","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I298027637"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Renato R. Maaliw","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Engineering Southern Luzon State University,Lucban,Quezon,Philippines","College of Engineering Southern Luzon State University, Lucban, Quezon, Philippines"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering Southern Luzon State University,Lucban,Quezon,Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I298027637"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering Southern Luzon State University, Lucban, Quezon, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I298027637"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033994507","display_name":"Karen Anne C. Quing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6769-7410"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I298027637","display_name":"Southern Luzon State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00x4epv84","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I298027637"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karen Anne C. Quing","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Arts and Sciences Southern Luzon State University,Lucban,Quezon,Philippines","College of Arts and Sciences Southern Luzon State University, Lucban, Quezon, Philippines"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Arts and Sciences Southern Luzon State University,Lucban,Quezon,Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I298027637"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Arts and Sciences Southern Luzon State University, Lucban, Quezon, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I298027637"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001397676","display_name":"Ace C. Lagman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140868","display_name":"Far Eastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/045dhqd98","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140868"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ace C. Lagman","raw_affiliation_strings":["FEU Institute of Technology,Department of Information Technology,Manila,Philippines","Department of Information Technology, FEU Institute of Technology, Manila, Philippines"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"FEU Institute of Technology,Department of Information Technology,Manila,Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140868"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, FEU Institute of Technology, Manila, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140868"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052097574","display_name":"Bernard H. Ugalde","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150237","display_name":"Dhofar University","ror":"https://ror.org/05d5f5m07","country_code":"OM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210150237"]}],"countries":["OM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bernard H. Ugalde","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Technology and Applied Sciences,Information Technology Department,Salalah,Dhofar,Sultanate of Oman","Information Technology Department, University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Salalah, Dhofar, Sultanate of Oman"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Technology and Applied Sciences,Information Technology Department,Salalah,Dhofar,Sultanate of Oman","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150237"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Technology Department, University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Salalah, Dhofar, Sultanate of Oman","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150237"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071167506","display_name":"Melvin A. Ballera","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7023-3991"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95350115","display_name":"Technological Institute of the Philippines","ror":"https://ror.org/02p79p790","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95350115"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Melvin A. Ballera","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Programs Technological Institute of the Philippines,Manila,Philippines","Graduate Programs Technological Institute of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Programs Technological Institute of the Philippines,Manila,Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95350115"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Programs Technological Institute of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95350115"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075251562","display_name":"Michael Angelo D. Ligayo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5687-5178"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3132376896","display_name":"Quezon City Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/01sdhtm90","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3132376896"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Angelo D. Ligayo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Quezon City University,Department of Electronics Engineering,Quezon City,Philippines","Department of Electronics Engineering, Quezon City University, Quezon City, Philippines"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quezon City University,Department of Electronics Engineering,Quezon City,Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3132376896"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics Engineering, Quezon City University, Quezon City, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3132376896"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066853500"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I298027637"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.1257,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96413322,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"0288","last_page":"0294"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13542","display_name":"Grit, Self-Efficacy, and Motivation","score":0.9757999777793884,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13542","display_name":"Grit, Self-Efficacy, and Motivation","score":0.9757999777793884,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9663000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12676","display_name":"Machine Learning and ELM","score":0.9419000148773193,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employability","display_name":"Employability","score":0.9604319334030151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.7360919117927551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.7048665285110474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/naive-bayes-classifier","display_name":"Naive Bayes classifier","score":0.6660741567611694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5831096768379211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5562166571617126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5170436501502991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/certification","display_name":"Certification","score":0.49791383743286133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-learning","display_name":"Ensemble learning","score":0.48972275853157043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-forecasting","display_name":"Ensemble forecasting","score":0.4557258188724518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4543953239917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management","display_name":"Management","score":0.12834671139717102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.10215047001838684}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15302153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q470863","display_name":"Employability","level":2,"score":0.9604319334030151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.7360919117927551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.7048665285110474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52001869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812530","display_name":"Naive Bayes classifier","level":3,"score":0.6660741567611694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5831096768379211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5562166571617126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5170436501502991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46304622","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374814","display_name":"Certification","level":2,"score":0.49791383743286133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45942800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245652","display_name":"Ensemble learning","level":2,"score":0.48972275853157043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119898033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3433888","display_name":"Ensemble forecasting","level":2,"score":0.4557258188724518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4543953239917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.12834671139717102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.10215047001838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ccwc54503.2022.9720783","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ccwc54503.2022.9720783","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608098","display_name":"2022 IEEE 12th Annual Computing and Communication Workshop and Conference (CCWC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE 12th Annual Computing and Communication Workshop and Conference (CCWC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.46000000834465027,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1483822252","https://openalex.org/W1775436428","https://openalex.org/W2167277425","https://openalex.org/W2587676209","https://openalex.org/W2735471160","https://openalex.org/W2737706773","https://openalex.org/W2740924709","https://openalex.org/W2765823727","https://openalex.org/W2773244001","https://openalex.org/W2786743105","https://openalex.org/W2892288092","https://openalex.org/W2899284333","https://openalex.org/W2911265854","https://openalex.org/W2917546397","https://openalex.org/W2942526207","https://openalex.org/W3002710633","https://openalex.org/W3004785246","https://openalex.org/W3008334685","https://openalex.org/W3011959487","https://openalex.org/W3013715737","https://openalex.org/W3015804081","https://openalex.org/W3016249157","https://openalex.org/W3024427899","https://openalex.org/W3036531681","https://openalex.org/W3039713570","https://openalex.org/W3080619886","https://openalex.org/W3109557729","https://openalex.org/W3111149305","https://openalex.org/W3114215120","https://openalex.org/W3125053481","https://openalex.org/W3167857161","https://openalex.org/W3177132475","https://openalex.org/W3217584181","https://openalex.org/W4200142652","https://openalex.org/W4206743745","https://openalex.org/W4240636647","https://openalex.org/W6762516493","https://openalex.org/W6786135317","https://openalex.org/W6787443253","https://openalex.org/W7028868074"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4367336074","https://openalex.org/W4379620016","https://openalex.org/W3154045278","https://openalex.org/W3210764983","https://openalex.org/W4367335949","https://openalex.org/W3089416646","https://openalex.org/W4380048833","https://openalex.org/W4285162676","https://openalex.org/W4382052559","https://openalex.org/W3036529732"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Higher":[0],"educational":[1],"institutions":[2],"have":[3],"a":[4,91,120],"responsibility":[5],"and":[6,17,62,77,108,125],"commitment":[7],"to":[8,29,99,104,118,127],"deliver":[9],"employable":[10],"graduates":[11,84],"as":[12],"it":[13],"impacts":[14],"their":[15],"well-being":[16],"the":[18,23,47,67,86,102,112],"economy.":[19],"This":[20],"study":[21],"compared":[22],"accuracy":[24,70],"of":[25,36,54,72,85,90,122],"several":[26],"classification":[27],"algorithms":[28],"build":[30],"an":[31,50],"ensemble":[32,51],"prediction":[33],"model":[34,52],"capable":[35],"forecasting":[37],"graduates'":[38],"employability":[39],"using":[40],"extensive":[41],"data":[42],"mining":[43,76],"techniques.":[44],"Based":[45],"on":[46],"evaluation":[48],"metrics,":[49],"composed":[53],"Random":[55],"Forest":[56],"(RF),":[57],"Support":[58],"Vector":[59],"Machines":[60],"(SVM),":[61],"Na\u00efve":[63],"Bayes":[64],"(NB)":[65],"achieved":[66],"highest":[68],"cross-validated":[69],"score":[71],"93.33%.":[73],"Association":[74],"rule":[75],"permutation":[78],"feature":[79],"importance":[80],"analysis":[81],"from":[82],"500":[83],"electronics":[87],"engineering":[88],"program":[89],"university":[92],"revealed":[93],"that":[94],"grit":[95],"is":[96],"firmly":[97],"attributed":[98],"employability,":[100],"including":[101],"capabilities":[103],"acquire":[105],"technical":[106],"skills":[107],"professional":[109],"certifications.":[110],"Thus,":[111],"knowledge":[113],"gained":[114],"can":[115],"be":[116],"used":[117],"develop":[119],"range":[121],"policies,":[123],"initiatives,":[124],"strategies":[126],"increase":[128],"students'":[129],"employment":[130],"prospects.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}