{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3140803106","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ccwc51732.2021.9375839","title":"Application of Firefly Algorithm to UWB Indoor Positioning","display_name":"Application of Firefly Algorithm to UWB Indoor Positioning","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3140803106","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ccwc51732.2021.9375839","mag":"3140803106"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ccwc51732.2021.9375839","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ccwc51732.2021.9375839","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE 11th Annual Computing and Communication Workshop and Conference (CCWC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079610547","display_name":"Shiyu Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5556-989X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shiyu Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering, Worcestor Polytechnic Institute, Worcestor, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, Worcestor Polytechnic Institute, Worcestor, United States","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101460431","display_name":"Xinguang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8205-4608"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinguang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering, Worcestor Polytechnic Institute, Worcestor, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, Worcestor Polytechnic Institute, Worcestor, United States","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102789461","display_name":"Haoqi Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6943-3387"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haoqi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering, Worcestor Polytechnic Institute, Worcestor, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, Worcestor Polytechnic Institute, Worcestor, United States","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079610547"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5014,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62725863,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"0088","last_page":"0093"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13121","display_name":"Radio Wave Propagation Studies","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7726902961730957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rss","display_name":"RSS","score":0.6818889379501343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indoor-positioning-system","display_name":"Indoor positioning system","score":0.6519765853881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.6464868187904358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/positioning-technology","display_name":"Positioning technology","score":0.6002979278564453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bluetooth","display_name":"Bluetooth","score":0.576339840888977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kalman-filter","display_name":"Kalman filter","score":0.5408542156219482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/positioning-system","display_name":"Positioning system","score":0.5307607054710388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/track","display_name":"Track (disk drive)","score":0.4885598123073578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-positioning-system","display_name":"Hybrid positioning system","score":0.4755292236804962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.44637900590896606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultra-wideband","display_name":"Ultra-wideband","score":0.43212541937828064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.41944265365600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.3271869421005249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accelerometer","display_name":"Accelerometer","score":0.30094999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2616550922393799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2318553328514099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15211546421051025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.1371217668056488}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7726902961730957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2385561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45432","display_name":"RSS","level":2,"score":0.6818889379501343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777486483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6026477","display_name":"Indoor positioning system","level":3,"score":0.6519765853881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.6464868187904358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778075934","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141406","display_name":"Positioning technology","level":2,"score":0.6002979278564453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C546215728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39531","display_name":"Bluetooth","level":3,"score":0.576339840888977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157286648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846780","display_name":"Kalman filter","level":2,"score":0.5408542156219482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778603505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141406","display_name":"Positioning system","level":3,"score":0.5307607054710388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89992363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5961558","display_name":"Track (disk drive)","level":2,"score":0.4885598123073578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187394410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141406","display_name":"Hybrid positioning system","level":4,"score":0.4755292236804962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.44637900590896606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21916231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q851424","display_name":"Ultra-wideband","level":2,"score":0.43212541937828064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.41944265365600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3271869421005249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89805583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192940","display_name":"Accelerometer","level":2,"score":0.30094999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2616550922393799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2318553328514099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15211546421051025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.1371217668056488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ccwc51732.2021.9375839","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ccwc51732.2021.9375839","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE 11th Annual Computing and Communication Workshop and Conference (CCWC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.6800000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1596914020","https://openalex.org/W1977989201","https://openalex.org/W2002378024","https://openalex.org/W2064938197","https://openalex.org/W2122180522","https://openalex.org/W2122301646","https://openalex.org/W2123914993","https://openalex.org/W2145938889","https://openalex.org/W2162569318","https://openalex.org/W2333593106","https://openalex.org/W2357998178","https://openalex.org/W2552171314","https://openalex.org/W3011757915","https://openalex.org/W4234628248","https://openalex.org/W6644818703","https://openalex.org/W6684042114"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W189713034","https://openalex.org/W4382175670","https://openalex.org/W4387677619","https://openalex.org/W2353807497","https://openalex.org/W1926767291","https://openalex.org/W2306569468","https://openalex.org/W2516568351","https://openalex.org/W2403864116","https://openalex.org/W2903896792","https://openalex.org/W4318602911"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Indoor":[0],"positioning":[1,10,102,196,220],"systems":[2],"have":[3,158],"been":[4],"playing":[5],"an":[6,100],"important":[7],"role":[8],"in":[9,20,23,38,48,99,107,153,194],"technology":[11,16,77],"research.":[12],"This":[13],"kind":[14],"of":[15,80,94,116,120,136,148,205,209,217],"can":[17,30],"be":[18,61,128],"used":[19,62],"many":[21,57],"fields":[22],"our":[24],"daily":[25],"life.":[26],"For":[27],"example,":[28],"people":[29,37,65,137],"use":[31,177],"it":[32,157],"to":[33,44,63,130,155,164,184,188,199],"help":[34,42],"firefighters":[35],"find":[36],"the":[39,92,132,146,178,190,195,200,214],"fire":[40],"scene,":[41],"managers":[43],"monitor":[45],"robots'":[46],"track":[47,191,208],"a":[49,149],"factory,":[50],"and":[51,73,83,134,161,182,207],"so":[52],"on.":[53],"And":[54,171],"there":[55],"are":[56],"technologies":[58,96],"that":[59],"could":[60,212],"locate":[64,165],"or":[66,138],"items":[67,139,167],"indoors,":[68],"such":[69,113],"as":[70,114],"Bluetooth,":[71],"ZigBee,":[72],"Ultra-wideband":[74],"(UWB).":[75],"UWB":[76,98],"has":[78],"characteristics":[79,112],"high":[81,215],"precision":[82,106,216],"low":[84],"power":[85],"consumption.":[86],"In":[87,141],"this":[88,142,218],"project,":[89],"we":[90,144,176,192,211],"compare":[91],"performance":[93,147,187],"other":[95],"with":[97,168],"indoor":[101,108,166,219],"system,":[103],"especially":[104],"their":[105],"positioning.":[109],"Some":[110],"channel":[111],"Time":[115],"Arrival":[117],"(TOA),":[118],"direction":[119],"arrival":[121],"(DOA),":[122],"received":[123],"signal":[124],"strength":[125],"(RSS)":[126],"will":[127],"measured":[129],"analyze":[131],"position":[133,206],"motion":[135],"indoors.":[140],"paper,":[143],"improve":[145,185],"swarm":[150],"intelligence":[151],"algorithm":[152,181],"order":[154],"make":[156,189],"higher":[159],"efficiency":[160],"more":[162],"accuracy":[163],"static":[169],"states.":[170],"then,":[172],"for":[173],"dynamic":[174],"items,":[175,210],"Kalman":[179],"filter":[180],"try":[183],"its":[186],"get":[193],"system":[197],"closer":[198],"actual":[201],"track.":[202],"Through":[203],"simulation":[204],"prove":[213],"system.":[221]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-01-13T01:12:25.745995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
