{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2921712020","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ccwc.2019.8666558","title":"Applying Blockchain in Industry 4.0 Applications","display_name":"Applying Blockchain in Industry 4.0 Applications","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2921712020","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ccwc.2019.8666558","mag":"2921712020"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ccwc.2019.8666558","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ccwc.2019.8666558","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE 9th Annual Computing and Communication Workshop and Conference (CCWC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049919004","display_name":"Nader Mohamed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9246-0968"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nader Mohamed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Middleware Technologies Lab., Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Middleware Technologies Lab., Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011612176","display_name":"Jameela Al\u2010Jaroodi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1376-0052"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178605575","display_name":"Robert Morris University","ror":"https://ror.org/03r24vd05","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178605575"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jameela Al-Jaroodi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering, Robert Morris University, Moon Township, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, Robert Morris University, Moon Township, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178605575"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":126,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"0852","last_page":"0858"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10763","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Industry","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10763","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Industry","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9358000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traceability","display_name":"Traceability","score":0.6899204850196838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.5818338394165039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industry-4.0","display_name":"Industry 4.0","score":0.5807507634162903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation","display_name":"Automation","score":0.5281065702438354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/profitability-index","display_name":"Profitability index","score":0.5254751443862915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manufacturing-engineering","display_name":"Manufacturing engineering","score":0.5098583102226257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.49969911575317383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/advanced-manufacturing","display_name":"Advanced manufacturing","score":0.4784681499004364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.4725204110145569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manufacturing","display_name":"Manufacturing","score":0.45328289270401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.41018766164779663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.2765619158744812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.22791612148284912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.22670572996139526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.1420571208000183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.10619914531707764}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153876917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899704","display_name":"Traceability","level":2,"score":0.6899204850196838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5818338394165039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777986313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1661989","display_name":"Industry 4.0","level":2,"score":0.5807507634162903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.5281065702438354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129361004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2470236","display_name":"Profitability index","level":2,"score":0.5254751443862915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117671659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11049265","display_name":"Manufacturing engineering","level":1,"score":0.5098583102226257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49969911575317383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77854861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4686346","display_name":"Advanced manufacturing","level":2,"score":0.4784681499004364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.4725204110145569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175700187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187939","display_name":"Manufacturing","level":2,"score":0.45328289270401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.41018766164779663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.2765619158744812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.22791612148284912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.22670572996139526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.1420571208000183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.10619914531707764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ccwc.2019.8666558","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ccwc.2019.8666558","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE 9th Annual Computing and Communication Workshop and Conference (CCWC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.6499999761581421}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W578687192","https://openalex.org/W1559136758","https://openalex.org/W1981616524","https://openalex.org/W2070665593","https://openalex.org/W2107274729","https://openalex.org/W2129840796","https://openalex.org/W2140277770","https://openalex.org/W2241928397","https://openalex.org/W2254884657","https://openalex.org/W2393994303","https://openalex.org/W2519963258","https://openalex.org/W2539190473","https://openalex.org/W2544710688","https://openalex.org/W2555456100","https://openalex.org/W2593657034","https://openalex.org/W2606213502","https://openalex.org/W2733383708","https://openalex.org/W2901271685","https://openalex.org/W2922201309","https://openalex.org/W6712083448"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2038000609","https://openalex.org/W4367459350","https://openalex.org/W38613841","https://openalex.org/W4327518141","https://openalex.org/W2133611605","https://openalex.org/W2368160340","https://openalex.org/W3013410248","https://openalex.org/W4226437358","https://openalex.org/W3109567835","https://openalex.org/W4226519216"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"By":[0],"adopting":[1,35],"the":[2,12,42,49,63,67,112,139,179,195],"vision":[3],"of":[4,82,117,190,198],"Industry":[5,36,59,77,199],"4.0,":[6],"many":[7,83,95,167],"industrial":[8],"sectors":[9],"are":[10],"eyeing":[11],"potential":[13],"for":[14,100,145,201],"advancing":[15],"their":[16],"systems":[17,57,86],"to":[18,151,169,193],"achieve":[19],"higher":[20],"productivity,":[21],"cost-effectiveness,":[22],"reliability,":[23,107],"quality,":[24],"and":[25,39,56,71,74,85,87,108,149,158,171],"flexibility.":[26],"One":[27],"important":[28],"sector":[29],"that":[30],"can":[31,120,130],"greatly":[32],"benefit":[33],"from":[34],"4.0":[37,60,78,200],"principles":[38],"technologies":[40,55,84],"is":[41],"manufacturing":[43,51,68,102,113,133,161,180],"industry.":[44],"This":[45,93,125,163],"will":[46,61,165,186],"help":[47],"create":[48],"smart":[50,101,132,160,202],"era":[52],"where":[53],"advanced":[54],"in":[58,135,178],"enhance":[62],"different":[64],"processes":[65],"within":[66,111],"value":[69,114,181],"chain":[70],"increase":[72],"efficiency":[73],"profitability.":[75],"However,":[76],"requires":[79],"effective":[80],"integration":[81],"seamless":[88],"operations":[89],"across":[90],"all":[91],"components.":[92],"creates":[94],"challenges":[96,119],"when":[97],"creating":[98],"applications":[99,134,192],"including":[103],"security,":[104],"trust,":[105],"traceability,":[106],"agreement":[109],"automation":[110],"chain.":[115,182],"Several":[116],"these":[118],"be":[121],"addressed":[122],"using":[123],"blockchain.":[124],"paper":[126,140],"discusses":[127],"how":[128],"blockchain":[129,147],"support":[131],"manufacturing.":[136,203],"In":[137,183],"addition,":[138,184],"proposes":[141],"a":[142,188],"middleware":[143],"approach":[144,164],"utilizing":[146],"services":[148],"capabilities":[150],"enable":[152,187],"more":[153],"secure,":[154],"trustable,":[155],"traceable,":[156],"reliable,":[157],"autonomous":[159],"applications.":[162],"offer":[166],"advantages":[168],"secure":[170],"establish":[172],"good":[173],"trust":[174],"among":[175],"involved":[176],"parties":[177],"this":[185],"verity":[189],"new":[191],"realize":[194],"promising":[196],"benefits":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
