{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2906287225","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ccst.2018.8585715","title":"X-ray Screening of Hold Baggage: Are the Same Visual-Cognitive Abilities Needed for 2D and 3D Imaging?","display_name":"X-ray Screening of Hold Baggage: Are the Same Visual-Cognitive Abilities Needed for 2D and 3D Imaging?","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2906287225","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ccst.2018.8585715","mag":"2906287225"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ccst.2018.8585715","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ccst.2018.8585715","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology (ICCST)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047045507","display_name":"Sarah Merks","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1468-2535"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sarah Merks","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Adaptive Security Research and Applications (CASRA), Zurich, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Adaptive Security Research and Applications (CASRA), Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064733297","display_name":"Nicole H\u00e4ttenschwiler","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicole Hattenschwiler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Adaptive Security Research and Applications (CASRA), Zurich, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Adaptive Security Research and Applications (CASRA), Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004099566","display_name":"Melina Zeballos","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Melina Zeballos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Adaptive Security Research and Applications (CASRA), Zurich, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Adaptive Security Research and Applications (CASRA), Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071153707","display_name":"Adrian Schwaninger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7753-106X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adrian Schwaninger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Adaptive Security Research and Applications (CASRA), Zurich, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Adaptive Security Research and Applications (CASRA), Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047045507"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1768,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58440951,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10844","display_name":"Radiation Dose and Imaging","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10844","display_name":"Radiation Dose and Imaging","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11894","display_name":"Radiology practices and education","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9754999876022339,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.643494725227356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/airport-security","display_name":"Airport security","score":0.5288088321685791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5276809334754944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.46527454257011414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34588077664375305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.33799198269844055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.32548874616622925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.2870268225669861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20378488302230835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.12310490012168884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.10943713784217834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.07876691222190857}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.643494725227356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180646296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1378517","display_name":"Airport security","level":2,"score":0.5288088321685791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5276809334754944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.46527454257011414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34588077664375305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.33799198269844055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.32548874616622925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2870268225669861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20378488302230835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.12310490012168884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.10943713784217834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.07876691222190857}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ccst.2018.8585715","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ccst.2018.8585715","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology (ICCST)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.41999998688697815,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W78655146","https://openalex.org/W126281230","https://openalex.org/W282666689","https://openalex.org/W1571336090","https://openalex.org/W1576543033","https://openalex.org/W1784695092","https://openalex.org/W1920933487","https://openalex.org/W1940176186","https://openalex.org/W1991170850","https://openalex.org/W1997587635","https://openalex.org/W2009067105","https://openalex.org/W2011106857","https://openalex.org/W2029940723","https://openalex.org/W2030314093","https://openalex.org/W2076285411","https://openalex.org/W2077500449","https://openalex.org/W2096707172","https://openalex.org/W2112280186","https://openalex.org/W2154792642","https://openalex.org/W2166431160","https://openalex.org/W2176920719","https://openalex.org/W2288288067","https://openalex.org/W2296640148","https://openalex.org/W2477099251","https://openalex.org/W2538873073","https://openalex.org/W2807876580","https://openalex.org/W2905830765","https://openalex.org/W2913312804","https://openalex.org/W2921629193","https://openalex.org/W4234890804","https://openalex.org/W4250452351","https://openalex.org/W6603213564","https://openalex.org/W6605059190","https://openalex.org/W6634401508","https://openalex.org/W6697159307","https://openalex.org/W6758176848","https://openalex.org/W6998843040"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3200688945","https://openalex.org/W1981369540","https://openalex.org/W2078893439","https://openalex.org/W2018160507","https://openalex.org/W2971478854","https://openalex.org/W2590489330","https://openalex.org/W2025946923","https://openalex.org/W1985243127","https://openalex.org/W3196817267","https://openalex.org/W1976600725"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"2D":[0,40,98,121,149],"multi-view":[1,41],"X-ray":[2,62],"imaging":[3,122,152],"technology":[4,17,153],"is":[5,18],"widely":[6],"used":[7],"for":[8],"security":[9,51],"screening":[10,95],"of":[11,64,79,106,118,127,159],"hold":[12,65,93],"baggage":[13,94],"at":[14],"airports.":[15],"Newer":[16],"based":[19],"on":[20],"3D":[21,100,132,151,177],"CT":[22,44],"imaging.":[23,101],"Such":[24],"systems":[25],"offer":[26],"the":[27,37,46,55,70,138,145,160],"possibility":[28],"to":[29,42,150,168],"rotate":[30],"a":[31,83,91],"bag":[32],"around":[33],"360":[34],"degrees.":[35],"With":[36],"transition":[38],"from":[39,148],"advanced":[43],"imaging,":[45],"question":[47],"arises":[48],"whether":[49],"airport":[50,155],"officers":[52],"(screeners)":[53],"need":[54,167,179],"same":[56],"visual-cognitive":[57,73,157,174],"abilities":[58,74],"when":[59],"visually":[60,130],"inspecting":[61],"images":[63,133],"baggage.":[66],"This":[67],"study":[68],"investigated":[69],"relationship":[71],"between":[72],"and":[75,90,99,109,186],"visual":[76,85,110,115],"inspection":[77,116],"performance":[78,117,126],"screeners.":[80],"Screeners":[81],"conducted":[82],"computer-based":[84],"cognitive":[86],"test":[87],"battery":[88],"(VCTB)":[89],"simulated":[92],"task":[96],"with":[97,114,137,144],"We":[102],"found":[103],"that":[104,129,143],"aspects":[105],"processing":[107,111],"speed":[108],"correlated":[112],"significantly":[113],"screeners":[119,128,161,178],"using":[120],"technology.":[123],"In":[124],"comparison,":[125],"inspected":[131],"showed":[134],"less":[135],"correlations":[136],"VCTB.":[139],"These":[140],"results":[141],"indicate":[142],"expected":[146],"change":[147],"in":[154,170],"security,":[156],"requirements":[158],"might":[162],"change.":[163],"Therefore,":[164],"further":[165],"studies":[166],"elucidate":[169],"more":[171],"detail":[172],"what":[173],"skills":[175],"future":[176],"as":[180],"it":[181],"could":[182],"affect":[183],"personnel":[184],"selection":[185],"development.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
