{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2906461829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ccst.2018.8585705","title":"Physical Security Assessment Using Temporal Machine Learning","display_name":"Physical Security Assessment Using Temporal Machine Learning","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2906461829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ccst.2018.8585705","mag":"2906461829"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ccst.2018.8585705","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ccst.2018.8585705","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology (ICCST)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1576210","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020952155","display_name":"Meghan Galiardi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104735","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Meghan A. Galiardi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086793774","display_name":"Stephen J. Verz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104735","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen J. Verz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109361320","display_name":"Gabriel C. Birch","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104735","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gabriel C. Birch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041442125","display_name":"Jaclynn J. Stubbs","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104735","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaclynn J. Stubbs","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029134931","display_name":"Bryana Lynn Woo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104735","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bryana L. Woo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058246512","display_name":"Camron G. Kouhestani","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104735","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Camron G. Kouhestani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020952155"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104735"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.15904936,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7975596189498901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.7178409099578857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6548320055007935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-security","display_name":"Physical security","score":0.6097463369369507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/false-alarm","display_name":"False alarm","score":0.5658395290374756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5522303581237793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5512762665748596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5105572938919067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-physical-system","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","score":0.4253937900066376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-of-learning","display_name":"Transfer of learning","score":0.41885754466056824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame","display_name":"Frame (networking)","score":0.4173589050769806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3055724501609802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.09550368785858154}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7975596189498901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.7178409099578857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6548320055007935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776157020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q851598","display_name":"Physical security","level":2,"score":0.6097463369369507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776836416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1364844","display_name":"False alarm","level":2,"score":0.5658395290374756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5522303581237793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5512762665748596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5105572938919067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179768478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120057","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","level":2,"score":0.4253937900066376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150899416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820378","display_name":"Transfer of learning","level":2,"score":0.41885754466056824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.4173589050769806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3055724501609802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.09550368785858154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ccst.2018.8585705","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ccst.2018.8585705","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology (ICCST)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:1576210","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1576210","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:1576210","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1576210","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2103179919","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2116261113","https://openalex.org/W2117731089","https://openalex.org/W2183341477","https://openalex.org/W2557283755","https://openalex.org/W2566637142","https://openalex.org/W2771494576","https://openalex.org/W2774972629","https://openalex.org/W4256319908"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3039758316","https://openalex.org/W2803684864","https://openalex.org/W109401302","https://openalex.org/W2785394676","https://openalex.org/W3083585945","https://openalex.org/W2089917086","https://openalex.org/W4318483655","https://openalex.org/W4292554283","https://openalex.org/W3092292260","https://openalex.org/W2294562132"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Nuisance":[0],"and":[1,11,25,41,121,125,179],"false":[2,42,180],"alarms":[3,181],"are":[4],"prevalent":[5],"in":[6,23,45,116,153,169,182],"modern":[7],"physical":[8,47,66,74,132,162],"security":[9,48,67,75,133,163],"systems":[10,68,164],"often":[12],"overwhelm":[13],"the":[14,39,84,147,175,186,193],"alarm":[15,43,187],"station":[16,188],"operators.":[17],"Deep":[18],"learning":[19,56],"has":[20,30,52],"shown":[21,53],"progress":[22],"detection":[24],"classification":[26],"tasks,":[27],"however,":[28],"it":[29],"rarely":[31],"been":[32],"implemented":[33],"as":[34],"a":[35,46,58,91,99,166],"solution":[36],"to":[37,65,173,184,190],"reduce":[38],"nuisance":[40,178],"rates":[44],"systems.":[49],"Previous":[50],"work":[51,81],"that":[54],"transfer":[55],"using":[57],"convolutional":[59,85],"neural":[60,86],"network":[61],"can":[62],"provide":[63],"benefit":[64],"by":[69,82],"achieving":[70],"high":[71],"accuracy":[72],"of":[73,101,149,158,177],"targets":[76],"[10].":[77],"We":[78,107,135],"leverage":[79],"this":[80,113],"coupling":[83],"network,":[87],"which":[88,97,145,170],"operates":[89],"on":[90,130,192],"frame-by-frame":[92],"basis,":[93],"with":[94],"temporal":[95,114],"algorithms":[96,160],"evaluate":[98],"sequence":[100],"such":[102],"frames":[103],"(e.g.":[104],"video":[105],"analytics).":[106],"discuss":[108],"several":[109],"alternatives":[110],"for":[111,140],"performing":[112],"analysis,":[115],"particular":[117],"Long":[118],"Short-Term":[119],"Memory":[120],"Liquid":[122],"State":[123],"Machine,":[124],"demonstrate":[126],"their":[127],"respective":[128],"value":[129],"exemplar":[131],"videos.":[134],"also":[136],"outline":[137],"an":[138,142],"architecture":[139],"developing":[141],"ensemble":[143],"learner":[144],"leverages":[146],"strength":[148],"each":[150],"individual":[151],"algorithm":[152],"its":[154],"aggregation.":[155],"The":[156],"incorporation":[157],"these":[159],"into":[161],"creates":[165],"new":[167],"paradigm":[168],"we":[171],"aim":[172],"decrease":[174],"volume":[176],"order":[183],"allow":[185],"operators":[189],"focus":[191],"most":[194],"relevant":[195],"threats.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
