{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2278880178","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ccst.2015.7389703","title":"Lip-based visual speech recognition system","display_name":"Lip-based visual speech recognition system","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2278880178","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ccst.2015.7389703","mag":"2278880178"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ccst.2015.7389703","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ccst.2015.7389703","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology (ICCST)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032323385","display_name":"Aufaclav Zatu Kusuma Frisky","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7512-2043"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22265921","display_name":"National Central University","ror":"https://ror.org/00944ve71","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22265921"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aufaclav Zatu Kusuma Frisky","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Central University, Chung-Li, TW"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Central University, Chung-Li, TW","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22265921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072470661","display_name":"Chien-Yao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2946-8972"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22265921","display_name":"National Central University","ror":"https://ror.org/00944ve71","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22265921"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chien-Yao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Central University, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Central University, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22265921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039165098","display_name":"Andri Santoso","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3899-750X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22265921","display_name":"National Central University","ror":"https://ror.org/00944ve71","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22265921"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andri Santoso","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Central University, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Central University, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22265921"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029325015","display_name":"Jia\u2010Ching Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0024-6732"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22265921","display_name":"National Central University","ror":"https://ror.org/00944ve71","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22265921"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jia-Ching Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Central University, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Central University, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22265921"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032323385"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22265921"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8616,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75437267,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"401","issue":null,"first_page":"315","last_page":"319"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11447","display_name":"Blind Source Separation Techniques","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8328158259391785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6910848021507263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5902591943740845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-negative-matrix-factorization","display_name":"Non-negative matrix factorization","score":0.5842570066452026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preprocessor","display_name":"Preprocessor","score":0.5674877166748047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5532436370849609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5063563585281372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.4922238886356354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speaker-recognition","display_name":"Speaker recognition","score":0.4282691478729248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.41105523705482483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix-decomposition","display_name":"Matrix decomposition","score":0.33051952719688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.0774957537651062}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8328158259391785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6910848021507263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5902591943740845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152671427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10843505","display_name":"Non-negative matrix factorization","level":4,"score":0.5842570066452026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.5674877166748047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5532436370849609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5063563585281372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.4922238886356354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133892786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1145189","display_name":"Speaker recognition","level":2,"score":0.4282691478729248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.41105523705482483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42355184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361088","display_name":"Matrix decomposition","level":3,"score":0.33051952719688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0774957537651062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158693339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190524","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ccst.2015.7389703","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ccst.2015.7389703","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology (ICCST)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4300000071525574,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1531976713","https://openalex.org/W1876219421","https://openalex.org/W1902027874","https://openalex.org/W1985809919","https://openalex.org/W2013715930","https://openalex.org/W2056857971","https://openalex.org/W2060510034","https://openalex.org/W2067681708","https://openalex.org/W2084250485","https://openalex.org/W2096391593","https://openalex.org/W2099741732","https://openalex.org/W2113814270","https://openalex.org/W2129812935","https://openalex.org/W2136155248","https://openalex.org/W2142848040","https://openalex.org/W2158315309","https://openalex.org/W2184188583","https://openalex.org/W3099514962","https://openalex.org/W4250857377","https://openalex.org/W6631751486","https://openalex.org/W6683521544","https://openalex.org/W6686207219"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2127243424","https://openalex.org/W4390394189","https://openalex.org/W2037504162","https://openalex.org/W2539013788","https://openalex.org/W2792706544","https://openalex.org/W1568451138","https://openalex.org/W2156699640","https://openalex.org/W2045265907","https://openalex.org/W2972997031","https://openalex.org/W2146544734"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,167],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,68],"system":[4,15,101],"to":[5,66,87],"address":[6],"the":[7,49,53,77,89,92,97,109,116,126],"problem":[8],"of":[9,55,60,91,99,111,129,156],"visual":[10,19,39],"speech":[11],"recognition.":[12],"The":[13],"proposed":[14,172],"is":[16,45],"based":[17],"on":[18],"lip":[20,40],"movement":[21],"recognition":[22],"by":[23,47],"applying":[24],"video":[25,37],"content":[26],"analysis":[27],"technique.":[28],"Using":[29,123,147],"spatiotemporal":[30],"features":[31,35],"descriptors,":[32],"we":[33,114],"extracted":[34,93],"from":[36],"containing":[38],"information.":[41],"A":[42],"preprocessing":[43],"step":[44],"employed":[46],"removing":[48],"noise":[50],"and":[51,104,132,143,162],"enhancing":[52],"contrast":[54],"images":[56],"in":[57,76,137],"every":[58],"frames":[59],"video.":[61],"Extracted":[62],"feature":[63],"are":[64],"used":[65,115],"build":[67],"dictionary":[69],"for":[70,158,164],"kernel":[71],"sparse":[72],"representation":[73],"classifier":[74],"(K-SRC)":[75],"classification":[78],"step.":[79],"We":[80,95],"adopted":[81],"non-negative":[82],"matrix":[83],"factorization":[84],"(NMF)":[85],"method":[86,151,173],"reduce":[88],"dimensionality":[90],"features.":[94],"evaluated":[96],"performance":[98,110],"our":[100,112,150,171],"using":[102,177],"AVLetters":[103,124],"AVLetters2":[105,148],"dataset.":[106],"To":[107],"evaluate":[108],"system,":[113],"same":[117,178],"configuration":[118],"as":[119],"another":[120,175],"previous":[121],"works.":[122],"dataset,":[125,149],"promising":[127],"accuracies":[128],"67.13%,":[130],"45.37%,":[131],"63.12%":[133],"can":[134,152],"be":[135],"achieved":[136],"semi":[138],"speaker":[139,141,144,159,165],"dependent,":[140,145],"independent,":[142],"respectively.":[146],"achieve":[153],"accuracy":[154],"rate":[155],"89.02%":[157],"dependent":[160],"case":[161],"25.9%":[163],"independent.":[166],"result":[168],"showed":[169],"that":[170],"outperforms":[174],"methods":[176],"configuration.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
