{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1976532520","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ccst.2011.6095949","title":"Predicting iris vulnerability to direct attacks based on quality related features","display_name":"Predicting iris vulnerability to direct attacks based on quality related features","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1976532520","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ccst.2011.6095949","mag":"1976532520"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ccst.2011.6095949","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ccst.2011.6095949","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 Carnahan Conference on Security Technology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041112497","display_name":"Jaime Ortiz-Lopez","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63634437","display_name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/01cby8j38","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63634437"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jaime Ortiz-Lopez","raw_affiliation_strings":["ATVS-Biometric Recognition Group, EPS, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain","ATVS - Biometric Recognition Group, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, EPS, C/ Francisco Tomas y Valiente, 11. 28049 Madrid. Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ATVS-Biometric Recognition Group, EPS, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63634437"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ATVS - Biometric Recognition Group, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, EPS, C/ Francisco Tomas y Valiente, 11. 28049 Madrid. Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63634437"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038880089","display_name":"Javier Galbally","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2009-0256"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63634437","display_name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/01cby8j38","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63634437"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Javier Galbally","raw_affiliation_strings":["ATVS-Biometric Recognition Group, EPS, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain","ATVS - Biometric Recognition Group, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, EPS, C/ Francisco Tomas y Valiente, 11. 28049 Madrid. Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ATVS-Biometric Recognition Group, EPS, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63634437"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ATVS - Biometric Recognition Group, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, EPS, C/ Francisco Tomas y Valiente, 11. 28049 Madrid. Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63634437"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068081385","display_name":"Juli\u00e1n Fi\u00e9rrez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6343-5656"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63634437","display_name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/01cby8j38","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63634437"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julian Fierrez","raw_affiliation_strings":["ATVS-Biometric Recognition Group, EPS, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain","ATVS - Biometric Recognition Group, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, EPS, C/ Francisco Tomas y Valiente, 11. 28049 Madrid. Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ATVS-Biometric Recognition Group, EPS, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63634437"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ATVS - Biometric Recognition Group, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, EPS, C/ Francisco Tomas y Valiente, 11. 28049 Madrid. Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63634437"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078069400","display_name":"Javier Ortega-Garc\u00eda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0557-1948"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63634437","display_name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/01cby8j38","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63634437"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Javier Ortega-Garcia","raw_affiliation_strings":["ATVS-Biometric Recognition Group, EPS, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain","ATVS - Biometric Recognition Group, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, EPS, C/ Francisco Tomas y Valiente, 11. 28049 Madrid. Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ATVS-Biometric Recognition Group, EPS, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63634437"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ATVS - Biometric Recognition Group, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, EPS, C/ Francisco Tomas y Valiente, 11. 28049 Madrid. Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63634437"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041112497"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63634437"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.312,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.52182966,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"3832","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10751","display_name":"Forensic and Genetic Research","score":0.9797000288963318,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13192","display_name":"Forensic Fingerprint Detection Methods","score":0.9782000184059143,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spoofing-attack","display_name":"Spoofing attack","score":0.8248119354248047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.815966010093689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7875039577484131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.750158429145813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iris-recognition","display_name":"Iris recognition","score":0.7239615321159363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","score":0.6087371706962585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5871124863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iris","display_name":"IRIS (biosensor)","score":0.5337833762168884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biometrics","display_name":"Biometrics","score":0.5228498578071594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.44433918595314026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4371633231639862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.42157718539237976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2721554636955261}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167900197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11081100","display_name":"Spoofing attack","level":2,"score":0.8248119354248047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.815966010093689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7875039577484131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.750158429145813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112356035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1672722","display_name":"Iris recognition","level":3,"score":0.7239615321159363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6087371706962585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5871124863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779503344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5973514","display_name":"IRIS (biosensor)","level":3,"score":0.5337833762168884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184297639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177765","display_name":"Biometrics","level":2,"score":0.5228498578071594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.44433918595314026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4371633231639862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.42157718539237976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2721554636955261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ccst.2011.6095949","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ccst.2011.6095949","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 Carnahan Conference on Security Technology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.226.8566","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.226.8566","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://atvs.ii.uam.es/files/2011_ICCST_IrisVulnerabilityQ_Short_Jaime.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7400000095367432,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/034900433"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338370","display_name":"FP7 Information and Communication Technologies","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1557986494","https://openalex.org/W1589647164","https://openalex.org/W1600059435","https://openalex.org/W1601971270","https://openalex.org/W1907066207","https://openalex.org/W1974821667","https://openalex.org/W2008338741","https://openalex.org/W2011475289","https://openalex.org/W2014915963","https://openalex.org/W2024502898","https://openalex.org/W2025546194","https://openalex.org/W2041942569","https://openalex.org/W2047750060","https://openalex.org/W2063355793","https://openalex.org/W2073630189","https://openalex.org/W2096121634","https://openalex.org/W2107845065","https://openalex.org/W2110313460","https://openalex.org/W2112523819","https://openalex.org/W2123625324","https://openalex.org/W2127392200","https://openalex.org/W2129631732","https://openalex.org/W2135641743","https://openalex.org/W2144942180","https://openalex.org/W2157298821","https://openalex.org/W2166266402","https://openalex.org/W2167806820","https://openalex.org/W2606090080","https://openalex.org/W2995675184","https://openalex.org/W6633377651","https://openalex.org/W6635826910","https://openalex.org/W6636133132","https://openalex.org/W6652930495","https://openalex.org/W6656644780","https://openalex.org/W6678326819"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2162640687","https://openalex.org/W2018223046","https://openalex.org/W2759939383","https://openalex.org/W2294693339","https://openalex.org/W2355560018","https://openalex.org/W2147209541","https://openalex.org/W2027539209","https://openalex.org/W4231710054","https://openalex.org/W2952386695","https://openalex.org/W2563133041"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"new":[1],"vulnerability":[2],"prediction":[3],"scheme":[4],"for":[5,80,102],"direct":[6],"attacks":[7],"to":[8,28,37,43,64,104],"iris":[9,61,97],"recognition":[10],"systems":[11],"is":[12,27,50],"presented.":[13],"The":[14,48],"objective":[15],"of":[16,46,74,93,108],"the":[17,81,85,90],"novel":[18],"technique,":[19],"based":[20],"on":[21,52],"a":[22,53,66],"22":[23],"quality":[24],"related":[25],"parameterization,":[26],"discriminate":[29],"beforehand":[30],"between":[31],"real":[32,58,78],"samples":[33,79],"which":[34],"are":[35],"easy":[36],"spoof":[38],"and":[39,59],"those":[40],"more":[41],"resistant":[42],"this":[44],"type":[45],"threat.":[47],"system":[49],"tested":[51],"database":[54],"comprising":[55],"over":[56],"1,600":[57],"fake":[60],"images":[62],"proving":[63],"have":[65],"high":[67],"discriminative":[68],"power":[69],"reaching":[70],"an":[71],"overall":[72],"rate":[73],"84%":[75],"correctly":[76],"classified":[77],"dataset":[82],"considered.":[83],"Furthermore,":[84],"detection":[86],"method":[87],"presented":[88],"has":[89],"added":[91],"advantage":[92],"needing":[94],"just":[95],"one":[96],"image":[98],"(the":[99],"same":[100],"used":[101],"verification)":[103],"decide":[105],"its":[106],"degree":[107],"robustness":[109],"against":[110],"spoofing":[111],"attacks.":[112]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}