{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1977660164","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ccece.2014.6900985","title":"Using Memetic Algorithm to optimize location estimate of mobile station in non-line-of-sight environment","display_name":"Using Memetic Algorithm to optimize location estimate of mobile station in non-line-of-sight environment","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1977660164","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ccece.2014.6900985","mag":"1977660164"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ccece.2014.6900985","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ccece.2014.6900985","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE 27th Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (CCECE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110247846","display_name":"Chien-Sheng Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108377105","display_name":"Tainan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03967fe87","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108377105"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chien-Sheng Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Management, Tainan University of Technology, Taiwan","Department of Information Management, Tainan University of Technology, Taiwan#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Management, Tainan University of Technology, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108377105"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Management, Tainan University of Technology, Taiwan#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108377105"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108091314","display_name":"Jen-Fa Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4252-4184"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91807558","display_name":"National Cheng Kung University","ror":"https://ror.org/01b8kcc49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108377105","display_name":"Tainan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03967fe87","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108377105"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jen-Fa Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan","Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center, Tainan University of Technology, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center, Tainan University of Technology, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108377105"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007726516","display_name":"Chun-Chieh Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108377105","display_name":"Tainan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03967fe87","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108377105"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91807558","display_name":"National Cheng Kung University","ror":"https://ror.org/01b8kcc49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chun-Chieh Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan","Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center, Tainan University of Technology, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center, Tainan University of Technology, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108377105"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120746353","display_name":"Nan-Chuang Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8151-3002"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91807558","display_name":"National Cheng Kung University","ror":"https://ror.org/01b8kcc49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108377105","display_name":"Tainan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03967fe87","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108377105"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nan-Chuang Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan","Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center, Tainan University of Technology, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center, Tainan University of Technology, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108377105"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110247846"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108377105"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.36996174,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6630786,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13121","display_name":"Radio Wave Propagation Studies","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-line-of-sight-propagation","display_name":"Non-line-of-sight propagation","score":0.9727275967597961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7180098295211792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memetic-algorithm","display_name":"Memetic algorithm","score":0.689947783946991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.6590531468391418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intersection","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","score":0.6550998687744141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.6207170486450195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.5463583469390869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5448246002197266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5252668261528015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.49454638361930847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-of-arrival","display_name":"Time of arrival","score":0.4445626735687256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.429014652967453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/line","display_name":"Line (geometry)","score":0.4265914857387543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranging","display_name":"Ranging","score":0.4162290394306183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-search","display_name":"Local search (optimization)","score":0.3509768843650818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.1493157148361206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1492067277431488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13747364282608032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13476943969726562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.09075593948364258}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154910267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1740982","display_name":"Non-line-of-sight propagation","level":3,"score":0.9727275967597961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7180098295211792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35129592","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q324793","display_name":"Memetic algorithm","level":3,"score":0.689947783946991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.6590531468391418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64543145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162942","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.6550998687744141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.6207170486450195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.5463583469390869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5448246002197266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5252668261528015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.49454638361930847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163150518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4135208","display_name":"Time of arrival","level":3,"score":0.4445626735687256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.429014652967453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198352243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37105","display_name":"Line (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4265914857387543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115051666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6522493","display_name":"Ranging","level":2,"score":0.4162290394306183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135320971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1868524","display_name":"Local search (optimization)","level":2,"score":0.3509768843650818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.1493157148361206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1492067277431488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13747364282608032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13476943969726562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.09075593948364258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ccece.2014.6900985","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ccece.2014.6900985","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE 27th Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (CCECE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W168006464","https://openalex.org/W1940760116","https://openalex.org/W1978322643","https://openalex.org/W2009702080","https://openalex.org/W2095612676","https://openalex.org/W2104264645","https://openalex.org/W2110298072","https://openalex.org/W2113065846","https://openalex.org/W2120186858","https://openalex.org/W2123894366","https://openalex.org/W2145569511","https://openalex.org/W2147948282","https://openalex.org/W2154347068","https://openalex.org/W2158317991","https://openalex.org/W2163093583","https://openalex.org/W4394660759","https://openalex.org/W6606839663","https://openalex.org/W6676827139","https://openalex.org/W6684037685"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2904654071","https://openalex.org/W3004316703","https://openalex.org/W3149021053","https://openalex.org/W4389372489","https://openalex.org/W2124974059","https://openalex.org/W2000433025","https://openalex.org/W2163647484","https://openalex.org/W2215607475","https://openalex.org/W47248985","https://openalex.org/W2087203524"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Wireless":[0],"location":[1,9,88,108,135,155],"technology":[2],"is":[3,36,52,62,112],"mainly":[4],"used":[5],"to":[6,48,76,105,114],"estimate":[7,106],"the":[8,17,23,27,37,65,107,116,120,133,138,152,158,162],"of":[10,16,26,67,96,109,122],"mobile":[11,18],"station":[12,19],"(MS).":[13],"Positioning":[14],"accuracy":[15],"completely":[20],"depends":[21],"on":[22,64],"propagation":[24],"environment":[25],"wireless":[28],"communications.":[29],"The":[30,126],"error":[31],"caused":[32,143],"by":[33,90,144,160],"non-line-of-sight":[34],"(NLOS)":[35],"most":[38],"urgent":[39],"problem":[40],"in":[41,119],"positioning":[42],"research.":[43],"Memetic":[44],"Algorithm":[45,50,56],"(MA),":[46],"similar":[47],"Genetic":[49,55],"(GA),":[51],"also":[53],"called":[54],"combined":[57],"with":[58,72],"local":[59],"search.":[60],"MA":[61,92,111],"based":[63],"concept":[66],"cultural":[68],"evolution":[69],"that":[70,93,151],"combines":[71],"multi-point":[73],"search":[74],"features":[75],"solve":[77],"combinatorial":[78],"optimization":[79],"problems.":[80],"In":[81],"this":[82],"paper,":[83],"we":[84],"propose":[85],"a":[86],"novel":[87],"scheme":[89],"using":[91],"employs":[94],"time":[95],"arrival":[97],"(TOA)":[98],"measurements":[99],"from":[100],"three":[101,123,139],"base":[102],"stations":[103],"(BSs)":[104],"MS.":[110],"utilized":[113],"find":[115],"optimum":[117,127],"solution":[118,128],"intersections":[121],"TOA":[124],"circles.":[125],"can":[129],"be":[130],"regarded":[131],"as":[132],"MS":[134],"where":[136],"minimizes":[137],"circular":[140],"intersection":[141],"region":[142],"NLOS":[145,163],"error.":[146,165],"Simulation":[147],"result":[148],"will":[149],"show":[150],"proposed":[153],"position":[154],"method":[156],"improves":[157],"performance":[159],"mitigating":[161],"ranging":[164]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
