{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2040161377","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cca.2012.6402735","title":"The development of Model Predictive Control in automotive industry: A survey","display_name":"The development of Model Predictive Control in automotive industry: A survey","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2040161377","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cca.2012.6402735","mag":"2040161377"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cca.2012.6402735","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cca.2012.6402735","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041096466","display_name":"Davor Hrovat","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292974536","display_name":"Ford Motor Company (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00g2tkw06","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292974536"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Hrovat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ford Research and Adv. Engineering, Dearborn, MI","Ford Res. & Adv. Eng., Dearborn, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ford Research and Adv. Engineering, Dearborn, MI","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ford Res. & Adv. Eng., Dearborn, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292974536"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004144091","display_name":"Stefano Di Cairano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2363-2807"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159266","display_name":"Mitsubishi Electric (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/053jnhe44","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306287861","https://openalex.org/I4210133125","https://openalex.org/I4210159266"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Di Cairano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ford Research and Adv. Engineering, Dearborn, MI","[Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Cambridge, MA, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ford Research and Adv. Engineering, Dearborn, MI","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Cambridge, MA, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159266"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034788095","display_name":"H. Eric Tseng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9544-4226"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292974536","display_name":"Ford Motor Company (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00g2tkw06","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292974536"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H.E. Tseng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ford Research and Adv. Engineering, Dearborn, MI","Ford Res. & Adv. Eng., Dearborn, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ford Research and Adv. Engineering, Dearborn, MI","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ford Res. & Adv. Eng., Dearborn, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292974536"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078022728","display_name":"Ilya Kolmanovsky","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7225-4160"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I.V. Kolmanovsky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. Aerospace Engineering, The University of Michigan, MI","Dept. Aerospace Engineering, the University of Michigan, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. Aerospace Engineering, The University of Michigan, MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. Aerospace Engineering, the University of Michigan, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":192,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"295","last_page":"302"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10791","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10791","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11236","display_name":"Control Systems and Identification","score":0.989799976348877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-industry","display_name":"Automotive industry","score":0.9547299146652222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-predictive-control","display_name":"Model predictive control","score":0.8206712007522583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manufacturing-engineering","display_name":"Manufacturing engineering","score":0.5681207776069641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/actuator","display_name":"Actuator","score":0.5665860772132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5483189821243286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.4623042643070221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.45968884229660034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.45637428760528564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multivariable-calculus","display_name":"Multivariable calculus","score":0.44818851351737976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.43712952733039856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.4338167905807495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-control","display_name":"Process control","score":0.4237581789493561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.12096107006072998}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526921623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190117","display_name":"Automotive industry","level":2,"score":0.9547299146652222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172205157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1782962","display_name":"Model predictive control","level":3,"score":0.8206712007522583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117671659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11049265","display_name":"Manufacturing engineering","level":1,"score":0.5681207776069641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.5665860772132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5483189821243286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.4623042643070221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.45968884229660034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.45637428760528564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117312493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2035437","display_name":"Multivariable calculus","level":2,"score":0.44818851351737976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.43712952733039856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.4338167905807495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155386361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1649571","display_name":"Process control","level":3,"score":0.4237581789493561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.12096107006072998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cca.2012.6402735","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cca.2012.6402735","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5899999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W24641897","https://openalex.org/W79450076","https://openalex.org/W1495395396","https://openalex.org/W1585088474","https://openalex.org/W1603008429","https://openalex.org/W1812296427","https://openalex.org/W1967344588","https://openalex.org/W1970656549","https://openalex.org/W1976143541","https://openalex.org/W1977985274","https://openalex.org/W1979751537","https://openalex.org/W1993170675","https://openalex.org/W1997595810","https://openalex.org/W2003482966","https://openalex.org/W2028284408","https://openalex.org/W2030704500","https://openalex.org/W2037633255","https://openalex.org/W2073787051","https://openalex.org/W2084401920","https://openalex.org/W2096285884","https://openalex.org/W2100705270","https://openalex.org/W2103063167","https://openalex.org/W2106892270","https://openalex.org/W2109024385","https://openalex.org/W2110179618","https://openalex.org/W2112930335","https://openalex.org/W2116773335","https://openalex.org/W2118412444","https://openalex.org/W2126919220","https://openalex.org/W2127778840","https://openalex.org/W2129492921","https://openalex.org/W2134673975","https://openalex.org/W2135647212","https://openalex.org/W2138114467","https://openalex.org/W2144884795","https://openalex.org/W2146441256","https://openalex.org/W2147818857","https://openalex.org/W2150096499","https://openalex.org/W2150506037","https://openalex.org/W2154348770","https://openalex.org/W2161789912","https://openalex.org/W2165449829","https://openalex.org/W2472165153","https://openalex.org/W3150758021","https://openalex.org/W4254719100","https://openalex.org/W6629386967","https://openalex.org/W6636158701","https://openalex.org/W6679242712","https://openalex.org/W6720647115","https://openalex.org/W6817568080"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1576377477","https://openalex.org/W2721687755","https://openalex.org/W2358882807","https://openalex.org/W2135285266","https://openalex.org/W4239313234","https://openalex.org/W2992866925","https://openalex.org/W3117957783","https://openalex.org/W1534706084","https://openalex.org/W2060165215","https://openalex.org/W1973471600"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Model":[0],"Predictive":[1],"Control":[2],"(MPC)":[3],"is":[4],"an":[5],"established":[6],"control":[7,45],"technique":[8],"in":[9,33,61,76,98,117,149],"chemical":[10],"process":[11],"control,":[12],"due":[13],"to":[14],"its":[15],"capability":[16],"of":[17,43,74,147],"optimally":[18],"controlling":[19],"multivariable":[20],"systems":[21],"with":[22,80],"constraints":[23],"on":[24,83,140],"plant":[25],"and":[26,36,47,54,102,144],"actuators.":[27],"In":[28,67],"recent":[29],"years,":[30],"the":[31,39,48,64,72,77,84,93,99,103,123,141,150],"advances":[32],"MPC":[34,62,75,95,127,148],"algorithms":[35],"design":[37],"processes,":[38],"increased":[40],"computational":[41],"power":[42],"electronic":[44],"units,":[46],"need":[49],"for":[50,132],"improved":[51],"performance,":[52],"safety":[53],"reduced":[55],"emissions,":[56],"have":[57,113],"drawn":[58],"considerable":[59],"interest":[60],"from":[63],"automotive":[65,78,100,151],"industry.":[66,152],"this":[68],"paper":[69],"we":[70,91,108],"survey":[71],"investigations":[73],"industry":[79],"particular":[81],"focus":[82],"developments":[85],"at":[86],"Ford":[87],"Motor":[88],"Company.":[89],"First,":[90],"describe":[92],"basic":[94],"techniques":[96],"used":[97],"industry,":[101],"early":[104],"exploratory":[105],"investigations.":[106],"Then":[107],"present":[109,137],"three":[110],"applications":[111,146],"that":[112,125],"been":[114],"recently":[115],"prototyped":[116],"fully":[118],"functional":[119],"production-like":[120],"vehicles,":[121],"highlighting":[122],"features":[124],"make":[126],"a":[128],"good":[129],"candidate":[130],"strategy":[131],"each":[133],"case.":[134],"We":[135],"finally":[136],"our":[138],"perspectives":[139],"next":[142],"challenges":[143],"future":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}