{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2118013666","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cbmi.2008.4564992","title":"Robust directional features for wordspotting in degraded Syriac manuscripts","display_name":"Robust directional features for wordspotting in degraded Syriac manuscripts","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2118013666","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cbmi.2008.4564992","mag":"2118013666"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cbmi.2008.4564992","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cbmi.2008.4564992","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 International Workshop on Content-Based Multimedia Indexing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055520754","display_name":"Petra Bilane","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155607","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique en Images et Syst\u00e8mes d'Information","ror":"https://ror.org/04dv4he91","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100532134","https://openalex.org/I112936343","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I188626449","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I4210155607","https://openalex.org/I48430043"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48430043","display_name":"Institut National des Sciences Appliqu\u00e9es de Lyon","ror":"https://ror.org/050jn9y42","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I48430043"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Bilane","raw_affiliation_strings":["Liris, INSA Lyon, France","LIRIS, INSA-Lyon, Lyon"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Liris, INSA Lyon, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48430043"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LIRIS, INSA-Lyon, Lyon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48430043","https://openalex.org/I4210155607"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015666141","display_name":"St\u00e9phane Bres","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155607","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique en Images et Syst\u00e8mes d'Information","ror":"https://ror.org/04dv4he91","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100532134","https://openalex.org/I112936343","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I188626449","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I4210155607","https://openalex.org/I48430043"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48430043","display_name":"Institut National des Sciences Appliqu\u00e9es de Lyon","ror":"https://ror.org/050jn9y42","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I48430043"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Bres","raw_affiliation_strings":["Liris, INSA Lyon, France","LIRIS, INSA-Lyon, Lyon"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Liris, INSA Lyon, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48430043"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LIRIS, INSA-Lyon, Lyon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48430043","https://openalex.org/I4210155607"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108075929","display_name":"Hubert Emptoz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155607","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique en Images et Syst\u00e8mes d'Information","ror":"https://ror.org/04dv4he91","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100532134","https://openalex.org/I112936343","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I188626449","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I4210155607","https://openalex.org/I48430043"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48430043","display_name":"Institut National des Sciences Appliqu\u00e9es de Lyon","ror":"https://ror.org/050jn9y42","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I48430043"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Emptoz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Liris, INSA Lyon, France","LIRIS, INSA-Lyon, Lyon"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Liris, INSA Lyon, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48430043"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LIRIS, INSA-Lyon, Lyon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48430043","https://openalex.org/I4210155607"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.355,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65931262,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":null,"first_page":"526","last_page":"533"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.991100013256073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handwriting","display_name":"Handwriting","score":0.9193205237388611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8264988660812378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spotting","display_name":"Spotting","score":0.7676866054534912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","score":0.6340400576591492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.6103141903877258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5982214212417603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handwriting-recognition","display_name":"Handwriting recognition","score":0.567579448223114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5326305031776428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.511452317237854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.5020737648010254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.47358423471450806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.4707411229610443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arabic","display_name":"Arabic","score":0.4637613296508789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.44636696577072144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.40291351079940796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.345569908618927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.2566591203212738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.1536601185798645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09949323534965515}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779386606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2393642","display_name":"Handwriting","level":2,"score":0.9193205237388611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8264988660812378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779506182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7580141","display_name":"Spotting","level":2,"score":0.7676866054534912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6340400576591492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.6103141903877258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5982214212417603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112640561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2440634","display_name":"Handwriting recognition","level":3,"score":0.567579448223114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5326305031776428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.511452317237854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5020737648010254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.47358423471450806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.4707411229610443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96455323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13955","display_name":"Arabic","level":2,"score":0.4637613296508789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.44636696577072144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.40291351079940796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.345569908618927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.2566591203212738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.1536601185798645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09949323534965515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cbmi.2008.4564992","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cbmi.2008.4564992","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 International Workshop on Content-Based Multimedia Indexing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-01593480v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-01593480","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Workshop on Content Based Multimedia Indexing (CBMI 08), Jun 2008, London, United Kingdom. pp.526-533, ⟨10.1109/CBMI.2008.4564992⟩","raw_type":"Conference papers"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.7400000095367432}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1520959026","https://openalex.org/W1529012620","https://openalex.org/W1585425726","https://openalex.org/W1921780317","https://openalex.org/W1977415836","https://openalex.org/W1982785082","https://openalex.org/W2007284367","https://openalex.org/W2027850389","https://openalex.org/W2058597114","https://openalex.org/W2079352267","https://openalex.org/W2096497661","https://openalex.org/W2127319406","https://openalex.org/W2136931622","https://openalex.org/W2154495259","https://openalex.org/W2156873463","https://openalex.org/W2160155764","https://openalex.org/W2168868236","https://openalex.org/W2605292831","https://openalex.org/W3048545978","https://openalex.org/W4238410424","https://openalex.org/W4245249657","https://openalex.org/W4246648986","https://openalex.org/W6635005390","https://openalex.org/W6782320113"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2028814537","https://openalex.org/W3003949997","https://openalex.org/W2110485610","https://openalex.org/W3199359807","https://openalex.org/W3047607512","https://openalex.org/W4390983538","https://openalex.org/W2744690920","https://openalex.org/W2787081548","https://openalex.org/W183832189","https://openalex.org/W2536878212"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,21,38,73,81,88,102,124],"contribution":[4],"to":[5,126,135,138],"Word":[6],"Spotting":[7],"applied":[8],"for":[9],"digitized":[10],"Syriac":[11,14],"manuscripts.":[12],"The":[13,110],"language":[15,23],"was":[16],"wrongfully":[17],"accused":[18],"of":[19,32,49,56,64,80,123,142],"being":[20,57],"dead":[22],"and":[24,47,99,119],"has":[25],"been":[26],"set":[27],"aside":[28],"by":[29,61],"the":[30,44,50,54,68,139,143],"domain":[31],"handwriting":[33,41,52],"recognition.":[34],"Yet":[35],"it":[36],"is":[37],"very":[39],"fascinating":[40],"that":[42,75],"combines":[43],"word":[45,84,125],"structure":[46],"calligraphy":[48],"Arabic":[51],"with":[53],"particularity":[55],"intentionally":[58],"written":[59],"tilted":[60,140],"an":[62],"angle":[63],"approximately":[65],"45deg.":[66],"For":[67],"spotting":[69],"process,":[70],"we":[71,95],"developed":[72],"method":[74,112],"should":[76],"find":[77],"all":[78],"occurrences":[79],"certain":[82],"query":[83],"image,":[85],"based":[86],"on":[87],"selective":[89],"sliding":[90],"window":[91],"technique,":[92],"from":[93],"which":[94,130],"extract":[96],"directional":[97],"features":[98],"afterwards":[100],"perform":[101],"matching":[103],"using":[104],"Euclidean":[105],"distance":[106],"correspondence":[107],"between":[108],"features.":[109],"proposed":[111],"does":[113,120],"not":[114,121],"require":[115],"any":[116],"prior":[117],"information,":[118],"depend":[122],"character":[127],"segmentation":[128],"algorithm":[129],"would":[131],"be":[132],"extremely":[133],"complex":[134],"realize":[136],"due":[137],"nature":[141],"handwriting.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}