{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312356825","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/case49997.2022.9926639","title":"Smartphone-Based Real-Time Indoor Positioning Using BLE Beacons","display_name":"Smartphone-Based Real-Time Indoor Positioning Using BLE Beacons","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312356825","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/case49997.2022.9926639"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/case49997.2022.9926639","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/case49997.2022.9926639","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607892","display_name":"2022 IEEE 18th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE 18th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/bdf3d172-b81c-4ba8-8e9d-cf29a8082e70","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089088730","display_name":"Robert Riesebos","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169381384","display_name":"University of Groningen","ror":"https://ror.org/012p63287","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Robert Riesebos","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Groningen,Bernoulli Institute for Mathematics, Computer Science, and Artificial Intelligence","Bernoulli Institute for Mathematics, Computer Science, and Artificial Intelligence, University of Groningen"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Groningen,Bernoulli Institute for Mathematics, Computer Science, and Artificial Intelligence","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bernoulli Institute for Mathematics, Computer Science, and Artificial Intelligence, University of Groningen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030949796","display_name":"Viktoriya Degeler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7054-3770"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887064364","display_name":"University of Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/04dkp9463","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169381384","display_name":"University of Groningen","ror":"https://ror.org/012p63287","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Viktoriya Degeler","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Groningen,Bernoulli Institute for Mathematics, Computer Science, and Artificial Intelligence","Informatics Institute, University of Amsterdam","Bernoulli Institute for Mathematics, Computer Science, and Artificial Intelligence, University of Groningen"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Groningen,Bernoulli Institute for Mathematics, Computer Science, and Artificial Intelligence","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Informatics Institute, University of Amsterdam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bernoulli Institute for Mathematics, Computer Science, and Artificial Intelligence, University of Groningen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072812953","display_name":"Andr\u00e9s Tello","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1962-1440"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169381384","display_name":"University of Groningen","ror":"https://ror.org/012p63287","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andres Tello","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Groningen,Bernoulli Institute for Mathematics, Computer Science, and Artificial Intelligence","Bernoulli Institute for Mathematics, Computer Science, and Artificial Intelligence, University of Groningen"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Groningen,Bernoulli Institute for Mathematics, Computer Science, and Artificial Intelligence","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bernoulli Institute for Mathematics, Computer Science, and Artificial Intelligence, University of Groningen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089088730"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3208,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.45932889,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1281","last_page":"1288"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9750999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12801","display_name":"Bluetooth and Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9750000238418579,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beacon","display_name":"Beacon","score":0.9315009713172913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6690998673439026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.5309438705444336}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102168758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7321258","display_name":"Beacon","level":2,"score":0.9315009713172913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6690998673439026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.5309438705444336}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/case49997.2022.9926639","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/case49997.2022.9926639","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607892","display_name":"2022 IEEE 18th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE 18th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.rug.nl:openaire/bdf3d172-b81c-4ba8-8e9d-cf29a8082e70","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/bdf3d172-b81c-4ba8-8e9d-cf29a8082e70","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400420","display_name":"University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I169381384","host_organization_name":"University of Groningen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Riesebos, R, Degeler, V & Tello, A 2022, Smartphone-Based Real-Time Indoor Positioning Using BLE Beacons. in 2022 IEEE 18th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering, CASE 2022. IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering, vol. 2022-August, IEEE, pp. 1281-1288, 18th IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering, CASE 2022, Mexico City, Mexico, 20/08/2022. https://doi.org/10.1109/CASE49997.2022.9926639","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dare.uva.nl:openaire_cris_publications/97c95c7b-7aa7-43ba-a86c-32c7ae6112a8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://handle.uba.uva.nl/personal/pure/en/publications/smartphonebased-realtime-indoor-positioning-using-ble-beacons(97c95c7b-7aa7-43ba-a86c-32c7ae6112a8).html","pdf_url":"https://pure.uva.nl/ws/files/137546915/Smartphone_Based_Real_Time_Indoor_Positioning_Using_BLE_Beacons.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400088","display_name":"UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I887064364","host_organization_name":"University of Amsterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Riesebos, R, Degeler, V & Tello, A 2022, Smartphone-Based Real-Time Indoor Positioning Using BLE Beacons. in 2022 IEEE 18th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE 2022) : Mexico City, Mexico, 20-24 August 2022. Piscataway, NJ, pp. 1281-1288, 18th IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering, CASE 2022, Mexico City, Mexico, 20/08/22. https://doi.org/10.1109/CASE49997.2022.9926639","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dare.uva.nl:publications/97c95c7b-7aa7-43ba-a86c-32c7ae6112a8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11245.1/97c95c7b-7aa7-43ba-a86c-32c7ae6112a8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400088","display_name":"UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I887064364","host_organization_name":"University of Amsterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Riesebos, R, Degeler, V & Tello, A 2022, Smartphone-Based Real-Time Indoor Positioning Using BLE Beacons. in 2022 IEEE 18th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE 2022) : Mexico City, Mexico, 20-24 August 2022. Piscataway, NJ, pp. 1281-1288, 18th IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering, CASE 2022, Mexico City, Mexico, 20/08/22. https://doi.org/10.1109/CASE49997.2022.9926639","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.rug.nl:openaire_cris_publications/bdf3d172-b81c-4ba8-8e9d-cf29a8082e70","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11370/bdf3d172-b81c-4ba8-8e9d-cf29a8082e70","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400420","display_name":"University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I169381384","host_organization_name":"University of Groningen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Riesebos, R, Degeler, V & Tello, A 2022, Smartphone-Based Real-Time Indoor Positioning Using BLE Beacons. in 2022 IEEE 18th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering, CASE 2022. IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering, vol. 2022-August, IEEE, pp. 1281-1288, 18th IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering, CASE 2022, Mexico City, Mexico, 20/08/2022. https://doi.org/10.1109/CASE49997.2022.9926639","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.rug.nl:openaire/bdf3d172-b81c-4ba8-8e9d-cf29a8082e70","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/bdf3d172-b81c-4ba8-8e9d-cf29a8082e70","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400420","display_name":"University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I169381384","host_organization_name":"University of Groningen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Riesebos, R, Degeler, V & Tello, A 2022, Smartphone-Based Real-Time Indoor Positioning Using BLE Beacons. in 2022 IEEE 18th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering, CASE 2022. IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering, vol. 2022-August, IEEE, pp. 1281-1288, 18th IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering, CASE 2022, Mexico City, Mexico, 20/08/2022. https://doi.org/10.1109/CASE49997.2022.9926639","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6600000262260437,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1893431417","https://openalex.org/W1979638981","https://openalex.org/W2087797502","https://openalex.org/W2145417574","https://openalex.org/W2341720557","https://openalex.org/W2517239372","https://openalex.org/W2549580146","https://openalex.org/W2964029185","https://openalex.org/W2968250721","https://openalex.org/W2981223452","https://openalex.org/W3012020745"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2567632598","https://openalex.org/W2902395630","https://openalex.org/W1595208394","https://openalex.org/W160219479","https://openalex.org/W3126968533","https://openalex.org/W2159494260","https://openalex.org/W4386078195","https://openalex.org/W4306639617"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"deal":[1],"with":[2,57,72,168],"the":[3,65,68,96,133,156],"degraded":[4],"performance":[5],"of":[6,25,60,67,132,149],"Global":[7],"Navigation":[8],"Satellite":[9],"Systems":[10,17],"(GNSS)":[11],"in":[12,53,95,144],"indoor":[13,54,113],"environments,":[14],"Indoor":[15],"Positioning":[16],"(IPS)":[18],"have":[19],"been":[20],"developed.":[21],"The":[22,138],"rapid":[23],"proliferation":[24],"smartphones":[26],"has":[27,116],"led":[28],"to":[29,121],"many":[30],"IPSs":[31,78],"that":[32,36,62,108],"utilize":[33],"positioning":[34,147],"technologies":[35],"are":[37],"readily":[38],"available":[39],"on":[40,125],"modern":[41,127],"smartphones;":[42],"including":[43],"Bluetooth":[44],"Low":[45],"Energy":[46],"(BLE).Using":[47],"radio":[48],"signals":[49],"such":[50,82],"as":[51,83],"BLE":[52],"environments":[55,114],"comes":[56],"a":[58,117,126,145,169],"number":[59],"challenges":[61],"can":[63],"limit":[64],"reliability":[66],"signal.":[69],"In":[70,99],"dealing":[71],"these":[73],"challenges,":[74],"most":[75],"existing":[76],"BLE-based":[77],"introduce":[79],"undesired":[80],"drawbacks":[81],"an":[84,102],"extensive":[85,130],"and":[86,93,106,115,164,174],"fragile":[87],"calibration":[88],"phase,":[89],"strict":[90],"hardware":[91],"requirements,":[92],"increases":[94],"system\u2019s":[97],"complexity.":[98],"this":[100],"paper,":[101],"IPS":[103],"is":[104],"developed":[105],"evaluated":[107],"requires":[109],"minimal":[110],"setup":[111],"for":[112,161,176],"sufficiently":[118],"low":[119],"complexity":[120],"be":[122],"run":[123],"locally":[124],"smartphone.":[128],"An":[129],"exploration":[131],"IPS\u2019":[134],"parameters":[135],"was":[136],"performed.":[137],"best":[139],"performing":[140],"parameter":[141],"combinations":[142],"resulted":[143],"median":[146],"error":[148],"1.48":[150],"\u00b1":[151],"0.283":[152],"meters,":[153],"while":[154],"using":[155],"log-distance":[157],"path":[158],"loss":[159],"model":[160],"distance":[162],"estimation":[163],"Weighted":[165],"Centroid":[166],"Localization":[167],"weight":[170],"exponent":[171],"be-tween":[172],"2.0":[173],"3.5":[175],"position":[177],"estimation.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-26T15:22:09.906841","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
