{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312918379","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/case49997.2022.9926447","title":"Acoustic based GMAW penetration depth identification using droplet transfer monitoring","display_name":"Acoustic based GMAW penetration depth identification using droplet transfer monitoring","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312918379","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/case49997.2022.9926447"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/case49997.2022.9926447","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/case49997.2022.9926447","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607892","display_name":"2022 IEEE 18th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE 18th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037675520","display_name":"Mitchell Cullen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8104-8772"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mitchell Cullen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084477919","display_name":"Jinchen Ji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3280-5463"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jc Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021281591","display_name":"Sipei Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6261-8864"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sipei Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037675520"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5406,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64165863,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2369","last_page":"2374"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10834","display_name":"Welding Techniques and Residual Stresses","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10834","display_name":"Welding Techniques and Residual Stresses","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11451","display_name":"Advanced Machining and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11856","display_name":"Thermography and Photoacoustic Techniques","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/welding","display_name":"Welding","score":0.7578323483467102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gas-metal-arc-welding","display_name":"Gas metal arc welding","score":0.6836923956871033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/penetration-depth","display_name":"Penetration depth","score":0.6082155108451843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/penetration","display_name":"Penetration (warfare)","score":0.5922631621360779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.4978337287902832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.4603419601917267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4347715675830841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4081677794456482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.3673607110977173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-engineering","display_name":"Process engineering","score":0.35341623425483704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arc-welding","display_name":"Arc welding","score":0.33594098687171936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.24515578150749207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.09749147295951843}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19474535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131172","display_name":"Welding","level":2,"score":0.7578323483467102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50916996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1765723","display_name":"Gas metal arc welding","level":4,"score":0.6836923956871033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193493375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1306232","display_name":"Penetration depth","level":2,"score":0.6082155108451843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80107235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162625","display_name":"Penetration (warfare)","level":2,"score":0.5922631621360779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4978337287902832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4603419601917267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4347715675830841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4081677794456482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.3673607110977173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21880701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144042","display_name":"Process engineering","level":1,"score":0.35341623425483704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20480867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422937","display_name":"Arc welding","level":3,"score":0.33594098687171936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.24515578150749207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.09749147295951843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/case49997.2022.9926447","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/case49997.2022.9926447","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607892","display_name":"2022 IEEE 18th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE 18th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6299999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3211020355","https://openalex.org/W4280568581","https://openalex.org/W4381929423","https://openalex.org/W2794664540","https://openalex.org/W1974624912","https://openalex.org/W2016848181","https://openalex.org/W2917773115","https://openalex.org/W2018325570","https://openalex.org/W2386293698","https://openalex.org/W4381996331"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Process":[0],"monitoring":[1,42,85,135],"and":[2,40],"quality":[3],"control":[4],"for":[5,105,133],"industrial":[6],"robotic":[7,137],"Gas":[8],"Metal":[9],"Arc":[10],"Welding":[11],"(GMAW)":[12],"systems":[13],"are":[14],"key":[15],"components":[16],"in":[17,54,107,136],"ensuring":[18],"the":[19,22,74,80,86,92,97,108,114],"reliability":[20],"of":[21,36,91,125],"produced":[23],"products.":[24],"While":[25],"being":[26],"a":[27,34,37,51,67,130],"widely":[28],"used":[29],"process,":[30],"there":[31],"is":[32,50,62,117],"still":[33],"lack":[35],"robust,":[38],"plug":[39],"play":[41],"solution.":[43],"In":[44],"particular,":[45],"weld":[46],"bead":[47],"penetration":[48,69,115],"depth":[49,70,116],"crucial":[52],"factor":[53],"many":[55],"fabrication":[56],"applications,":[57],"where":[58],"substantial":[59],"bonding":[60],"strength":[61],"crucial.":[63],"This":[64],"paper":[65],"introduces":[66],"new":[68],"estimation":[71,90],"method":[72],"using":[73],"emitted":[75],"acoustic":[76],"signal":[77],"to":[78,96,119,128],"monitor":[79],"droplet":[81,87],"transfer":[82],"process.":[83,110],"By":[84],"transfer,":[88],"an":[89,123],"welding":[93,109,138],"energy":[94],"transferred":[95],"base":[98],"material":[99],"can":[100],"be":[101,120,129],"obtained":[102],"while":[103],"accounting":[104],"variations":[106],"Using":[111],"this":[112],"method,":[113],"able":[118],"measured":[121],"within":[122],"error":[124],"+-15%,":[126],"proving":[127],"promising":[131],"solution":[132],"online":[134],"applications.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}