{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3091899998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/case48305.2020.9217004","title":"Integrating security evaluations into virtual commissioning","display_name":"Integrating security evaluations into virtual commissioning","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3091899998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/case48305.2020.9217004","mag":"3091899998"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/case48305.2020.9217004","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/case48305.2020.9217004","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE 16th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://publica.fraunhofer.de/documents/N-615456.html","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081035122","display_name":"Alexander Giehl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7648-3895"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136922","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Applied and Integrated Security","ror":"https://ror.org/03w0bbr97","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136922","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Giehl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer AISEC, Parkring 4, 85748 Garching b.,M\u00fcnchen"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer AISEC, Parkring 4, 85748 Garching b.,M\u00fcnchen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136922"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042080381","display_name":"Norbert Wiedermann","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136922","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Applied and Integrated Security","ror":"https://ror.org/03w0bbr97","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136922","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Norbert Wiedermann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer AISEC, Parkring 4, 85748 Garching b.,M\u00fcnchen"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer AISEC, Parkring 4, 85748 Garching b.,M\u00fcnchen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136922"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075074025","display_name":"Makan Tayebi Gholamzadeh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136922","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Applied and Integrated Security","ror":"https://ror.org/03w0bbr97","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136922","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Makan Tayebi Gholamzadeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer AISEC, Parkring 4, 85748 Garching b.,M\u00fcnchen"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer AISEC, Parkring 4, 85748 Garching b.,M\u00fcnchen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136922"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073408463","display_name":"Claudia Eckert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2201-3828"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136922","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Applied and Integrated Security","ror":"https://ror.org/03w0bbr97","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136922","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claudia Eckert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer AISEC, Parkring 4, 85748 Garching b.,M\u00fcnchen"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer AISEC, Parkring 4, 85748 Garching b.,M\u00fcnchen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136922"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136922"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2272,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.48935856,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":null,"first_page":"1193","last_page":"1200"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.983299970626831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/project-commissioning","display_name":"Project commissioning","score":0.7305324673652649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/testbed","display_name":"Testbed","score":0.6130437850952148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.604893147945404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-domain","display_name":"Security domain","score":0.5026113986968994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.4991886615753174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-machine","display_name":"Virtual machine","score":0.459194540977478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.4280291199684143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.42762452363967896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.42699626088142395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toolchain","display_name":"Toolchain","score":0.412927508354187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.4036028981208801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.3791190981864929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.35212844610214233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.33984196186065674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.32006311416625977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.27606987953186035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.21617159247398376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/publishing","display_name":"Publishing","score":0.14627745747566223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.1258547604084015}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165347436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514547","display_name":"Project commissioning","level":3,"score":0.7305324673652649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31395832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318674","display_name":"Testbed","level":2,"score":0.6130437850952148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.604893147945404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780264999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7445032","display_name":"Security domain","level":2,"score":0.5026113986968994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.4991886615753174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25344961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192726","display_name":"Virtual machine","level":2,"score":0.459194540977478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4280291199684143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.42762452363967896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.42699626088142395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777062904","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q545406","display_name":"Toolchain","level":3,"score":0.412927508354187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.4036028981208801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.3791190981864929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.35212844610214233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.33984196186065674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.32006311416625977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.27606987953186035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.21617159247398376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151719136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3972943","display_name":"Publishing","level":2,"score":0.14627745747566223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.1258547604084015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/case48305.2020.9217004","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/case48305.2020.9217004","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE 16th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:fraunhofer.de:N-615456","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://publica.fraunhofer.de/documents/N-615456.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400801","display_name":"Publikationsdatenbank der Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Fraunhofer AISEC","raw_type":"conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/409253","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/409253","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"conference paper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:fraunhofer.de:N-615456","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://publica.fraunhofer.de/documents/N-615456.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400801","display_name":"Publikationsdatenbank der Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Fraunhofer AISEC","raw_type":"conferenceObject"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.4300000071525574,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1539570097","https://openalex.org/W1905595836","https://openalex.org/W1919030086","https://openalex.org/W1984478483","https://openalex.org/W2005274253","https://openalex.org/W2006056208","https://openalex.org/W2029608738","https://openalex.org/W2029693536","https://openalex.org/W2033450431","https://openalex.org/W2063576678","https://openalex.org/W2065955975","https://openalex.org/W2085302753","https://openalex.org/W2101609731","https://openalex.org/W2112968143","https://openalex.org/W2124937683","https://openalex.org/W2145071552","https://openalex.org/W2166656159","https://openalex.org/W2192951338","https://openalex.org/W2341697730","https://openalex.org/W2401576198","https://openalex.org/W2517723570","https://openalex.org/W2553405542","https://openalex.org/W2752505663","https://openalex.org/W2753002054","https://openalex.org/W2802699227","https://openalex.org/W2895400994","https://openalex.org/W2911292901","https://openalex.org/W2919590824","https://openalex.org/W2935764521","https://openalex.org/W2949753509","https://openalex.org/W3028395455","https://openalex.org/W3098072737","https://openalex.org/W3184174730","https://openalex.org/W4240280425","https://openalex.org/W6729573598","https://openalex.org/W6743783587","https://openalex.org/W6758143439","https://openalex.org/W6799242768","https://openalex.org/W6904141378","https://openalex.org/W6926394813"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2013037783","https://openalex.org/W2909413202","https://openalex.org/W4385243142","https://openalex.org/W1999008563","https://openalex.org/W2561644314","https://openalex.org/W2912135124","https://openalex.org/W2794118724","https://openalex.org/W4206450104","https://openalex.org/W2883257033","https://openalex.org/W2265795076"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Virtual":[0,91],"commissioning":[1,31,125],"is":[2,56,97],"an":[3,94],"important":[4],"part":[5,80],"of":[6,43,69,81,88,103],"modern":[7],"plant":[8],"and":[9,21,33,39,52,127,132],"factory":[10],"organization.":[11],"Research":[12],"in":[13,29,36,40,63,122],"this":[14,101,107],"area":[15],"focuses":[16],"on":[17],"safety,":[18],"reliability,":[19],"liveness,":[20],"repeatability.":[22],"Security":[23],"evaluations":[24],"are":[25,46],"currently":[26],"not":[27],"considered":[28],"virtual":[30,124],"research":[32],"applications.":[34],"Vulnerabilities":[35],"controller":[37],"software":[38],"the":[41,59,70,86,123],"implementation":[42],"industrial":[44,134],"equipment":[45],"receiving":[47],"increased":[48],"attention":[49],"from":[50],"attackers":[51],"cyber":[53],"criminals.":[54],"This":[55,67],"due":[57],"to":[58,75,99,130],"rapidly":[60],"advancing":[61],"interconnection":[62],"modern,":[64],"digital":[65],"factories.":[66],"increase":[68],"possible":[71],"attack":[72],"surface":[73],"needs":[74],"be":[76,120],"addressed":[77],"as":[78,93],"a":[79,111,115],"comprehensive":[82],"risk":[83],"analysis":[84],"within":[85],"domain":[87],"Industrie":[89],"4.0.":[90],"commissioning,":[92],"established":[95],"process,":[96],"well-suited":[98],"address":[100],"lack":[102],"security":[104],"evaluation.":[105],"In":[106],"work,":[108],"we":[109],"propose":[110],"conceptual":[112],"architecture":[113],"for":[114],"simulation":[116],"testbed":[117],"that":[118],"can":[119],"integrated":[121],"toolchain":[126],"show":[128],"how":[129],"model":[131],"evaluate":[133],"equipment.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
