{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2213459982","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/btas.2015.7358795","title":"Spoofing key-press latencies with a generative keystroke dynamics model","display_name":"Spoofing key-press latencies with a generative keystroke dynamics model","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2213459982","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/btas.2015.7358795","mag":"2213459982"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/btas.2015.7358795","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/btas.2015.7358795","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE 7th International Conference on Biometrics Theory, Applications and Systems (BTAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017930598","display_name":"John V. Monaco","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5089-583X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126863827","display_name":"Pace University","ror":"https://ror.org/047p7y759","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126863827"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John V. Monaco","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pace University, Pleasantville, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pace University, Pleasantville, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126863827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049385876","display_name":"Md Liakat Ali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8945-3230"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126863827","display_name":"Pace University","ror":"https://ror.org/047p7y759","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126863827"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md Liakat Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pace University, Pleasantville, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pace University, Pleasantville, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126863827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030425537","display_name":"Charles C. Tappert","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126863827","display_name":"Pace University","ror":"https://ror.org/047p7y759","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126863827"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles C. Tappert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pace University, Pleasantville, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pace University, Pleasantville, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126863827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126863827"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8688,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72873916,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"2001","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9697999954223633,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8165974020957947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keystroke-dynamics","display_name":"Keystroke dynamics","score":0.786014199256897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.7602190971374512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spoofing-attack","display_name":"Spoofing attack","score":0.6942666172981262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-model","display_name":"Generative model","score":0.6689499616622925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keystroke-logging","display_name":"Keystroke logging","score":0.5566104650497437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.48219648003578186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.4401780664920807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4272370934486389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attack-model","display_name":"Attack model","score":0.4221121370792389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.40117383003234863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.33023005723953247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/password","display_name":"Password","score":0.14628973603248596}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8165974020957947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79540074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3269465","display_name":"Keystroke dynamics","level":4,"score":0.786014199256897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.7602190971374512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167900197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11081100","display_name":"Spoofing attack","level":2,"score":0.6942666172981262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.6689499616622925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161615301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309396","display_name":"Keystroke logging","level":2,"score":0.5566104650497437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.48219648003578186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.4401780664920807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4272370934486389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65856478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3991682","display_name":"Attack model","level":2,"score":0.4221121370792389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.40117383003234863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.33023005723953247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109297577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161157","display_name":"Password","level":2,"score":0.14628973603248596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4957475","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242186","display_name":"S/KEY","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/btas.2015.7358795","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/btas.2015.7358795","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE 7th International Conference on Biometrics Theory, Applications and Systems (BTAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8199999928474426,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W96622098","https://openalex.org/W1506315942","https://openalex.org/W1591491921","https://openalex.org/W1598230061","https://openalex.org/W1955645522","https://openalex.org/W1972309850","https://openalex.org/W1995491697","https://openalex.org/W1998339865","https://openalex.org/W2013223495","https://openalex.org/W2023019696","https://openalex.org/W2034225924","https://openalex.org/W2050206664","https://openalex.org/W2052279280","https://openalex.org/W2115648833","https://openalex.org/W2126871739","https://openalex.org/W2156523753","https://openalex.org/W2163614729","https://openalex.org/W4234767541","https://openalex.org/W6640935840"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2155670618","https://openalex.org/W2052279280","https://openalex.org/W4211208539","https://openalex.org/W2159333170","https://openalex.org/W2031617473","https://openalex.org/W1573560902","https://openalex.org/W4224061638","https://openalex.org/W4244802227","https://openalex.org/W2906096565","https://openalex.org/W2888741745"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"work":[1],"provides":[2],"strong":[3],"empirical":[4],"evidence":[5],"for":[6],"a":[7,22,45,69,94,99,152],"two-state":[8],"generative":[9,86],"model":[10,35,87],"of":[11,44,115,122,131,135,149],"typing":[12],"behavior":[13,51],"in":[14,20,81],"which":[15],"the":[16,34,41,49,124,147],"user":[17,46],"can":[18,64],"be":[19,65],"either":[21],"passive":[23],"or":[24],"active":[25],"state.":[26],"Given":[27],"key-press":[28,42,56],"latencies":[29,43,59],"with":[30,60],"missing":[31,61],"key":[32,62],"names,":[33],"is":[36],"then":[37],"used":[38],"to":[39,92,112],"spoof":[40],"by":[47,71,138],"exploiting":[48],"scaling":[50],"between":[52],"inter-key":[53],"distance":[54],"and":[55],"latency.":[57],"Key-press":[58],"names":[63],"remotely":[66],"obtained":[67,137],"over":[68,151],"network":[70],"observing":[72],"traffic":[73],"from":[74],"an":[75],"interactive":[76,82],"application,":[77],"such":[78],"as":[79],"SSH":[80],"mode.":[83],"The":[84],"proposed":[85],"uses":[88],"this":[89,113],"partial":[90],"information":[91],"perform":[93],"key-press-only":[95],"sample-level":[96],"attack":[97,116,154],"on":[98,156],"victim's":[100],"keystroke":[101],"dynamics":[102],"template.":[103],"Results":[104],"show":[105],"that":[106],"some":[107],"users":[108],"are":[109],"more":[110],"susceptible":[111],"type":[114],"than":[117],"others.":[118],"For":[119],"about":[120],"10%":[121],"users,":[123],"spoofed":[125],"samples":[126],"obtain":[127],"classifier":[128],"output":[129],"scores":[130],"at":[132,142],"least":[133,143],"50%":[134],"those":[136],"authentic":[139],"samples.":[140],"With":[141],"50":[144],"observed":[145],"keystrokes,":[146],"chance":[148],"success":[150],"zero-effort":[153],"doubles":[155],"average.":[157]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}