{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2071789457","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/btas.2014.6996269","title":"Multi-modal biometrics for mobile authentication","display_name":"Multi-modal biometrics for mobile authentication","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2071789457","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/btas.2014.6996269","mag":"2071789457"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/btas.2014.6996269","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/btas.2014.6996269","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE International Joint Conference on Biometrics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021900623","display_name":"Hagai Aronowitz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210167297","display_name":"IBM Research - Haifa","ror":"https://ror.org/05rw9t746","country_code":"IL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115","https://openalex.org/I4210167297"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hagai Aronowitz","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research, Haifa","IBM Research Haifa, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research, Haifa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210167297"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210167297"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101660400","display_name":"Min Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7705-8871"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126794","display_name":"IBM Research (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/02yg1pf55","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115","https://openalex.org/I4210126794"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research, China","IBM Res. - China, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126794"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Res. - China, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091135682","display_name":"Orith Toledo\u2010Ronen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210167297","display_name":"IBM Research - Haifa","ror":"https://ror.org/05rw9t746","country_code":"IL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115","https://openalex.org/I4210167297"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Orith Toledo-Ronen","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research, Haifa","IBM Research Haifa, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research, Haifa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210167297"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210167297"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058406651","display_name":"Sivan Harary","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210167297","display_name":"IBM Research - Haifa","ror":"https://ror.org/05rw9t746","country_code":"IL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115","https://openalex.org/I4210167297"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sivan Harary","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research, Haifa","IBM Research Haifa, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research, Haifa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210167297"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210167297"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015468413","display_name":"Amir B. Geva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3159-3673"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174306211","display_name":"Technion \u2013 Israel Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03qryx823","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amir Geva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technion","Technion-Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technion","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technion-Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069479691","display_name":"Shay Ben-David","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210167297","display_name":"IBM Research - Haifa","ror":"https://ror.org/05rw9t746","country_code":"IL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115","https://openalex.org/I4210167297"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shay Ben-David","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research, Haifa","IBM Research Haifa, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research, Haifa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210167297"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210167297"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049126763","display_name":"Asaf Rendel","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210167297","display_name":"IBM Research - Haifa","ror":"https://ror.org/05rw9t746","country_code":"IL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115","https://openalex.org/I4210167297"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asaf Rendel","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research, Haifa","IBM Research Haifa, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research, Haifa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210167297"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210167297"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053864983","display_name":"Ron Hoory","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1327-5160"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210167297","display_name":"IBM Research - Haifa","ror":"https://ror.org/05rw9t746","country_code":"IL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115","https://openalex.org/I4210167297"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ron Hoory","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research, Haifa","IBM Research Haifa, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research, Haifa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210167297"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210167297"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003836761","display_name":"Nalini Ratha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7913-5722"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nalini Ratha","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM T.J. Watson Research Center","IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T.J. Watson Research Center","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078542580","display_name":"Sharath Pankanti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6770-9899"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sharath Pankanti","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM T.J. Watson Research Center","IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T.J. Watson Research Center","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007586881","display_name":"D. Nahamoo","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Nahamoo","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM T.J. Watson Research Center","IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T.J. Watson Research Center","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":11,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.128,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94759975,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7774204015731812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biometrics","display_name":"Biometrics","score":0.7506116628646851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.5816946029663086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5270747542381287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fingerprint","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","score":0.4950667917728424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device","display_name":"Mobile device","score":0.47691699862480164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.4665655195713043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modality","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","score":0.444699227809906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database-transaction","display_name":"Database transaction","score":0.4441129267215729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identity-management","display_name":"Identity management","score":0.42571622133255005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.30286145210266113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.20524612069129944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.2043536901473999}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7774204015731812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184297639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177765","display_name":"Biometrics","level":2,"score":0.7506116628646851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.5816946029663086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5270747542381287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777826928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3745713","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4950667917728424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.47691699862480164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4665655195713043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780226545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888030","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","level":2,"score":0.444699227809906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75949130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848010","display_name":"Database transaction","level":2,"score":0.4441129267215729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555379026","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q977772","display_name":"Identity management","level":3,"score":0.42571622133255005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.30286145210266113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.20524612069129944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.2043536901473999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/btas.2014.6996269","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/btas.2014.6996269","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE International Joint Conference on Biometrics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W5064682","https://openalex.org/W1545641654","https://openalex.org/W1985360119","https://openalex.org/W2008733468","https://openalex.org/W2033419168","https://openalex.org/W2096223255","https://openalex.org/W2102512156","https://openalex.org/W2121647436","https://openalex.org/W2136879537","https://openalex.org/W2138451337","https://openalex.org/W2140941142","https://openalex.org/W2161969291","https://openalex.org/W2163870506","https://openalex.org/W2164598857","https://openalex.org/W2166290812","https://openalex.org/W2395750323","https://openalex.org/W2395985692","https://openalex.org/W2396511675","https://openalex.org/W2397634864","https://openalex.org/W2402072010","https://openalex.org/W2407896276","https://openalex.org/W4233013678","https://openalex.org/W4252684946","https://openalex.org/W6632636493","https://openalex.org/W6646382477","https://openalex.org/W6674975915","https://openalex.org/W6684102868","https://openalex.org/W6712325649","https://openalex.org/W6712575916","https://openalex.org/W6713097126"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4233349824","https://openalex.org/W4200422973","https://openalex.org/W3104966193","https://openalex.org/W4250679786","https://openalex.org/W2005308538","https://openalex.org/W2370296220","https://openalex.org/W1683878900","https://openalex.org/W2213995339","https://openalex.org/W2625931504","https://openalex.org/W4211024096"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"User":[0],"authentication":[1,97,215],"in":[2,75,110,119,222,231],"the":[3,15,19,42,54,84,90,200],"context":[4],"of":[5,44,83,92,116,131,220,229],"a":[6,63,71,80,120,136,184,210],"secure":[7],"transaction":[8,20,59],"needs":[9],"to":[10,56,66],"be":[11],"continuously":[12],"evaluated":[13,193],"for":[14,35,53],"risks":[16],"associated":[17],"with":[18,41,62,135,159],"authorization.":[21],"The":[22,124,188],"situation":[23],"becomes":[24],"even":[25],"more":[26],"critical":[27],"when":[28],"there":[29],"are":[30,99],"regulatory":[31],"compliance":[32],"requirements.":[33],"Need":[34],"such":[36,58,77],"systems":[37,98],"have":[38],"grown":[39],"dramatically":[40],"introduction":[43],"smart":[45,202],"mobile":[46,105,203],"devices":[47],"which":[48,144],"make":[49],"it":[50],"far":[51],"easier":[52],"user":[55,85,148],"complete":[57],"quickly":[60],"but":[61],"huge":[64],"exposure":[65],"risk.":[67],"Biometrics":[68],"can":[69],"play":[70],"very":[72,211],"significant":[73],"role":[74],"addressing":[76],"problems":[78],"as":[79],"key":[81],"indicator":[82],"identity":[86],"and":[87,168,226],"thus":[88],"reducing":[89,117],"risk":[91,118],"fraud.":[93],"While":[94],"unimodal":[95],"biometrics":[96,122,133],"being":[100],"increasingly":[101],"experimented":[102],"by":[103],"mainstream":[104],"system":[106,126,190,216],"manufacturers":[107],"(e.g.,":[108],"fingerprint":[109],"iOS),":[111],"we":[112,161,208],"explore":[113],"various":[114],"opportunities":[115],"multimodal":[121,125],"system.":[123],"is":[127,145,156,173],"based":[128,146,174],"on":[129,147,150,175,194],"fusion":[130,171,179],"several":[132],"combined":[134],"policy":[137],"manager.":[138],"A":[139],"new":[140],"biometric":[141],"modality:":[142],"chirography":[143],"writing":[149],"multi-touch":[151],"screens":[152],"using":[153],"their":[154],"finger":[155],"introduced.":[157],"Coupling":[158],"chirography,":[160],"also":[162],"use":[163],"two":[164],"other":[165],"biometrics:":[166],"face":[167],"voice.":[169],"Our":[170],"strategy":[172],"inter-modality":[176],"score":[177],"level":[178],"that":[180,198],"takes":[181],"into":[182],"account":[183],"voice":[185],"quality":[186],"measure.":[187],"proposed":[189],"has":[191],"been":[192],"an":[195,218,223,227],"in-house":[196],"database":[197],"reflects":[199],"latest":[201],"devices.":[204],"On":[205],"this":[206],"database,":[207],"demonstrate":[209],"high":[212],"accuracy":[213],"multi-modal":[214],"reaching":[217],"EER":[219,228],"0.1%":[221],"office":[224],"environment":[225],"0.5%":[230],"challenging":[232],"noisy":[233],"environments.":[234]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}