{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1974599333","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/btas.2014.6996258","title":"Randomized Intraclass-Distance Minimizing Binary Codes for face recognition","display_name":"Randomized Intraclass-Distance Minimizing Binary Codes for face recognition","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1974599333","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/btas.2014.6996258","mag":"1974599333"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/btas.2014.6996258","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/btas.2014.6996258","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE International Joint Conference on Biometrics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100397026","display_name":"Hao Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1991-119X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92446798","display_name":"Colorado State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03k1gpj17","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO","Colorado State University Fort Collins 80523, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colorado State University Fort Collins 80523, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112787818","display_name":"J. Ross Beveridge","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92446798","display_name":"Colorado State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03k1gpj17","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Ross Beveridge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO","Colorado State University Fort Collins 80523, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colorado State University Fort Collins 80523, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025366113","display_name":"Quanyi Mo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92446798","display_name":"Colorado State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03k1gpj17","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Quanyi Mo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO","Colorado State University Fort Collins 80523, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colorado State University Fort Collins 80523, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024491677","display_name":"Bruce A. Draper","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8560-541X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92446798","display_name":"Colorado State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03k1gpj17","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bruce A. Draper","raw_affiliation_strings":["Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO","Colorado State University Fort Collins 80523, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colorado State University Fort Collins 80523, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047918353","display_name":"P. Jonathon Phillips","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6284-5197"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124755","display_name":"National Institute of Standards","ror":"https://ror.org/02zftm050","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124755"]}],"countries":["EG","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Jonathon Phillips","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Standards and Technology","National Institute of Standards and Technology. USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124755","https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Standards and Technology. USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7416,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74286988,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"2012","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9847000241279602,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hamming-distance","display_name":"Hamming distance","score":0.602587878704071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5900990962982178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hamming-code","display_name":"Hamming code","score":0.5521008372306824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dbc","display_name":"dBc","score":0.5495943427085876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.4972379505634308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-code","display_name":"Binary code","score":0.48512277007102966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.47391757369041443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.46220776438713074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-code","display_name":"Linear code","score":0.41545993089675903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3226272761821747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.3169068396091461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.28392893075942993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block-code","display_name":"Block code","score":0.2819918692111969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.0909075140953064}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193319292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272172","display_name":"Hamming distance","level":2,"score":0.602587878704071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5900990962982178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73150493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853922","display_name":"Hamming code","level":4,"score":0.5521008372306824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193523891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1771950","display_name":"dBc","level":3,"score":0.5495943427085876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4972379505634308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63435697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864135","display_name":"Binary code","level":3,"score":0.48512277007102966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.47391757369041443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.46220776438713074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2400350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1752667","display_name":"Linear code","level":4,"score":0.41545993089675903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3226272761821747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.3169068396091461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.28392893075942993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157125643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q884707","display_name":"Block code","level":3,"score":0.2819918692111969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0909075140953064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175291020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156822","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/btas.2014.6996258","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/btas.2014.6996258","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE International Joint Conference on Biometrics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.709.3584","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.709.3584","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.colostate.edu/%7Edraper/papers/zhang_ijcb14.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7400000095367432,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1468978781","https://openalex.org/W1576445103","https://openalex.org/W1782590233","https://openalex.org/W1953590900","https://openalex.org/W1980732600","https://openalex.org/W1995318441","https://openalex.org/W2024688311","https://openalex.org/W2027297564","https://openalex.org/W2057550055","https://openalex.org/W2071266191","https://openalex.org/W2084363474","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2114408231","https://openalex.org/W2126448884","https://openalex.org/W2133295669","https://openalex.org/W2153635508","https://openalex.org/W2171759622","https://openalex.org/W2293597654","https://openalex.org/W3103016133","https://openalex.org/W4239072543","https://openalex.org/W6640737575","https://openalex.org/W6649138653","https://openalex.org/W6676297131","https://openalex.org/W6697214482","https://openalex.org/W6785348043"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2943247777","https://openalex.org/W2740543340","https://openalex.org/W2371167013","https://openalex.org/W1582340598","https://openalex.org/W1541021634","https://openalex.org/W2779867339","https://openalex.org/W2794545997","https://openalex.org/W2584980534","https://openalex.org/W2027124243","https://openalex.org/W2125814644"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,57],"new":[1],"algorithm":[2,34,82,99,107],"for":[3],"learning":[4],"binary":[5,48,119],"codes":[6,49],"is":[7,35,60,90],"presented":[8,61],"using":[9,128],"randomized":[10],"initial":[11],"assignments":[12],"of":[13,40,45,115],"bit":[14,131],"labels":[15],"to":[16,22],"classes":[17],"followed":[18],"by":[19,101],"iterative":[20],"refinement":[21],"minimize":[23],"intraclass":[24],"Hamming":[25],"distance.":[26],"This":[27],"Randomized":[28],"Intraclass-Distance":[29],"Minimizing":[30],"Binary":[31,96],"Codes":[32,97],"(RIDMBC)":[33],"introduced":[36],"in":[37,68,117],"the":[38,65,69,76,93,113,129],"context":[39],"face":[41],"recognition,":[42],"an":[43,109],"area":[44],"biometrics":[46],"where":[47],"have":[50],"rarely":[51],"been":[52],"used":[53],"(unlike":[54],"iris":[55],"recognition).":[56],"cross-database":[58],"experiment":[59],"training":[62],"RIDMBC":[63,81,89,121,124,139],"on":[64,75,112],"Labeled":[66],"Faces":[67],"Wild":[70],"(LFW)":[71],"and":[72,138],"testing":[73],"it":[74],"Point-and-Shoot":[77],"Challenge":[78],"(PaSC).":[79],"The":[80,105],"performs":[83],"better":[84],"than":[85],"both":[86],"PaSC":[87],"baselines.":[88],"compared":[91],"with":[92],"Predictable":[94],"Discriminative":[95],"(DBC)":[98],"developed":[100],"Rastegari":[102],"et":[103],"al.":[104],"DBC":[106,126],"has":[108],"upper":[110,136],"bound":[111,137],"number":[114],"bits":[116],"a":[118],"code;":[120],"does":[122],"not.":[123],"outperforms":[125],"when":[127,142],"same":[130],"code":[132],"length":[133],"as":[134],"DBC's":[135],"further":[140],"improves":[141],"more":[143],"bits/features":[144],"are":[145],"added.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}