{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2108767245","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/btas.2012.6374608","title":"Face recognition CAPTCHA","display_name":"Face recognition CAPTCHA","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2108767245","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/btas.2012.6374608","mag":"2108767245"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/btas.2012.6374608","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/btas.2012.6374608","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE Fifth International Conference on Biometrics: Theory, Applications and Systems (BTAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028415358","display_name":"Gaurav Goswami","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0250-5603"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119939252","display_name":"Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/03vfp4g33","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119939252"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26072440","display_name":"Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad","ror":"https://ror.org/03rgjt374","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26072440"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68891433","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/049tgcd06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gaurav Goswami","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Information Technology, NewDelhi, New Delhi, India","[IIIT Delhi, New Delhi, India.]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Information Technology, NewDelhi, New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68891433","https://openalex.org/I26072440"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[IIIT Delhi, New Delhi, India.]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119939252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011779957","display_name":"Richa Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4060-4573"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119939252","display_name":"Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/03vfp4g33","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119939252"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26072440","display_name":"Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad","ror":"https://ror.org/03rgjt374","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26072440"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68891433","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/049tgcd06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richa Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Information Technology, NewDelhi, New Delhi, India","[IIIT Delhi, New Delhi, India.]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Information Technology, NewDelhi, New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68891433","https://openalex.org/I26072440"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[IIIT Delhi, New Delhi, India.]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119939252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050521702","display_name":"Mayank Vatsa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5952-2274"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119939252","display_name":"Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/03vfp4g33","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119939252"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26072440","display_name":"Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad","ror":"https://ror.org/03rgjt374","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26072440"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68891433","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/049tgcd06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mayank Vatsa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Information Technology, NewDelhi, New Delhi, India","[IIIT Delhi, New Delhi, India.]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Information Technology, NewDelhi, New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68891433","https://openalex.org/I26072440"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[IIIT Delhi, New Delhi, India.]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119939252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062856420","display_name":"B. M. Powell","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12097938","display_name":"West Virginia University","ror":"https://ror.org/011vxgd24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian Powell","raw_affiliation_strings":["West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050320880","display_name":"Afzel Noore","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3406-7487"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12097938","display_name":"West Virginia University","ror":"https://ror.org/011vxgd24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Afzel Noore","raw_affiliation_strings":["West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.6746,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93855452,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11094","display_name":"Face Recognition and Perception","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/captcha","display_name":"CAPTCHA","score":0.9978244304656982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8336357474327087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turing-test","display_name":"Turing test","score":0.717340886592865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scripting-language","display_name":"Scripting language","score":0.6544137001037598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.6171208620071411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6038058996200562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.5049975514411926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.43129971623420715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.35293257236480713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.07743445038795471}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163339463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484598","display_name":"CAPTCHA","level":2,"score":0.9978244304656982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8336357474327087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C577917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189223","display_name":"Turing test","level":2,"score":0.717340886592865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61423126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187432","display_name":"Scripting language","level":2,"score":0.6544137001037598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.6171208620071411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6038058996200562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.5049975514411926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.43129971623420715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.35293257236480713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.07743445038795471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/btas.2012.6374608","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/btas.2012.6374608","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE Fifth International Conference on Biometrics: Theory, Applications and Systems (BTAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.718.9643","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.718.9643","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.captcharesearch.com/media/1001/face-recognition-captcha.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.7300000190734863}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W107968503","https://openalex.org/W659446479","https://openalex.org/W1583950051","https://openalex.org/W1969670714","https://openalex.org/W1998506139","https://openalex.org/W2022710553","https://openalex.org/W2031859714","https://openalex.org/W2061777480","https://openalex.org/W2082498363","https://openalex.org/W2125561172","https://openalex.org/W2133670146","https://openalex.org/W2151445377","https://openalex.org/W2156749117","https://openalex.org/W2169214380","https://openalex.org/W2170472066","https://openalex.org/W6634830086","https://openalex.org/W6682764186"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1893860111","https://openalex.org/W2791355226","https://openalex.org/W2630411725","https://openalex.org/W4281892756","https://openalex.org/W2103413230","https://openalex.org/W1899364738","https://openalex.org/W2908959303","https://openalex.org/W2347601237","https://openalex.org/W2897995864","https://openalex.org/W1775397219"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"CAPTCHA":[0,45,86],"is":[1],"one":[2,58],"of":[3,60],"the":[4,52],"Turing":[5],"tests":[6],"used":[7,21],"to":[8,30,66,97],"classify":[9],"human":[10,61,90],"users":[11,54],"and":[12,33,92],"automated":[13],"scripts.":[14],"Existing":[15],"CAPTCHAs,":[16,19],"especially":[17],"text-based":[18],"are":[20],"in":[22,70],"many":[23],"applications,":[24],"however":[25],"they":[26],"pose":[27],"challenges":[28],"due":[29],"language":[31],"dependency":[32],"high":[34],"attack":[35,94],"rates.":[36],"In":[37],"this":[38],"paper,":[39],"we":[40],"propose":[41],"a":[42,47,71],"face":[43,62],"recognition-based":[44],"as":[46],"potential":[48],"solution.":[49],"To":[50],"solve":[51],"CAPTCHA,":[53],"must":[55],"correctly":[56],"find":[57],"pair":[59],"images,":[63],"that":[64,87],"belong":[65],"same":[67],"subject,":[68],"embedded":[69],"complex":[72],"background":[73],"without":[74],"selecting":[75],"any":[76],"nonface":[77],"image":[78],"or":[79],"impostor":[80],"pair.":[81],"The":[82],"proposed":[83],"algorithm":[84],"generates":[85],"offer":[88],"better":[89],"accuracy":[91],"lower":[93],"rates":[95],"compared":[96],"existing":[98],"approaches.":[99]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}