{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7124904889","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bsn66969.2025.11337763","title":"Transcutaneous Median Nerve Stimulation Regulates Peripheral Skin Temperature During Cold Pressor: A Sham-Controlled Study","display_name":"Transcutaneous Median Nerve Stimulation Regulates Peripheral Skin Temperature During Cold Pressor: A Sham-Controlled Study","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7124904889","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bsn66969.2025.11337763"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/bsn66969.2025.11337763","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bsn66969.2025.11337763","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 21st International Conference on Body Sensor Networks (BSN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123369764","display_name":"Farhan N. Rahman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Farhan N. Rahman","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology,Atlanta,GA,USA,30332"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology,Atlanta,GA,USA,30332","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123410715","display_name":"Afra Nawar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Afra Nawar","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology,Atlanta,GA,USA,30332"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology,Atlanta,GA,USA,30332","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001751042","display_name":"Jesus Antonio Sanchez-Perez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6678-3613"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jesus Antonio Sanchez-Perez","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology,Atlanta,GA,USA,30332"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology,Atlanta,GA,USA,30332","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012617737","display_name":"Asim H. Gazi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4698-2823"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asim H. Gazi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology,Atlanta,GA,USA,30332"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology,Atlanta,GA,USA,30332","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112635817","display_name":"Jin-Oh Hahn","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin-Oh Hahn","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Maryland,Department of Mechanical Engineering,College Park,MD,USA,20742"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Maryland,Department of Mechanical Engineering,College Park,MD,USA,20742","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076927036","display_name":"Omer T. Inan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7952-1794"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Omer T. Inan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology,Atlanta,GA,USA,30332"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology,Atlanta,GA,USA,30332","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5123369764"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63683663,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12580","display_name":"Vagus Nerve Stimulation Research","score":0.5519999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12580","display_name":"Vagus Nerve Stimulation Research","score":0.5519999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11109","display_name":"Thermoregulation and physiological responses","score":0.09690000116825104,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10745","display_name":"Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control","score":0.06719999760389328,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peripheral","display_name":"Peripheral","score":0.7340999841690063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skin-temperature","display_name":"Skin temperature","score":0.6887000203132629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5949000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stimulation","display_name":"Stimulation","score":0.5486000180244446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peripheral-nerve","display_name":"Peripheral nerve","score":0.5148000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autonomic-nervous-system","display_name":"Autonomic nervous system","score":0.4984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peripheral-nervous-system","display_name":"Peripheral nervous system","score":0.4717999994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analysis-of-variance","display_name":"Analysis of variance","score":0.4569000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/median-nerve","display_name":"Median nerve","score":0.40450000762939453}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46762472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178648","display_name":"Peripheral","level":2,"score":0.7340999841690063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7113999724388123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019079563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67173088","display_name":"Skin temperature","level":2,"score":0.6887000203132629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5949000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.5644999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24998067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114622","display_name":"Stimulation","level":2,"score":0.5486000180244446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018498973","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9620","display_name":"Peripheral nerve","level":2,"score":0.5148000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777372248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171064","display_name":"Autonomic nervous system","level":4,"score":0.4984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545314008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169953","display_name":"Peripheral nervous system","level":3,"score":0.4717999994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99476002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42297","display_name":"Analysis of variance","level":2,"score":0.4569000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779110535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1364876","display_name":"Median nerve","level":2,"score":0.40450000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.38609999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102959455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7313954","display_name":"Repeated measures design","level":2,"score":0.3758000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780118905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16949811","display_name":"Cold sensitivity","level":4,"score":0.3727000057697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775898464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3312240","display_name":"Microneurography","level":5,"score":0.36500000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33971717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16679368","display_name":"Cold pressor test","level":4,"score":0.36320000886917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781149210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q307869","display_name":"Sciatic nerve","level":2,"score":0.35109999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529278444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47273","display_name":"Central nervous system","level":2,"score":0.33309999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100564792","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190259","display_name":"Thermoregulation","level":2,"score":0.29809999465942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.28870001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201903717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778788","display_name":"Cohort study","level":2,"score":0.2822999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777042200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5196706","display_name":"Cutaneous nerve","level":2,"score":0.2741999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188816634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2113324","display_name":"Prospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.26809999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185263204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1154774","display_name":"Electrophysiology","level":2,"score":0.26570001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776825438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1978198","display_name":"Tibial nerve","level":3,"score":0.2630999982357025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018023364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425265","display_name":"Significant difference","level":2,"score":0.25769999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776533406","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187215","display_name":"Sympathetic nervous system","level":3,"score":0.2556000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.25200000405311584}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/bsn66969.2025.11337763","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bsn66969.2025.11337763","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 21st International Conference on Body Sensor Networks (BSN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2034378306","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N00014-21-1-2031","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","funder_display_name":"Office of Naval Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2468724031","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DGE-2039655","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4562087700","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5151271443","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"T32EB025816","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7420345037","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DGE-2039655","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","display_name":"Office of Naval Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00rk2pe57"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4562087700","display_name":"National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W131651853","https://openalex.org/W1977086599","https://openalex.org/W1999798132","https://openalex.org/W2001119710","https://openalex.org/W2069094358","https://openalex.org/W2077899276","https://openalex.org/W2354621795","https://openalex.org/W2894642382","https://openalex.org/W2909847070","https://openalex.org/W3041621558","https://openalex.org/W3093552750","https://openalex.org/W3183902983","https://openalex.org/W4206693304","https://openalex.org/W4293340110","https://openalex.org/W4381386417","https://openalex.org/W4386527067","https://openalex.org/W4411548503"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cold":[0],"exposure":[1],"activates":[2],"thermoregulatory":[3],"processes":[4],"through":[5,35],"the":[6,21,43,46,60,132,181],"autonomic":[7,33],"nervous":[8],"system":[9],"that,":[10],"while":[11],"maintaining":[12],"homeostasis,":[13],"reduce":[14],"peripheral":[15,66,156,201],"blood":[16],"flow":[17],"and":[18,97,110,124,135,233,238],"dexterity":[19,234],"in":[20,59,70,220,231],"extremities.":[22],"Transcutaneous":[23],"median":[24],"nerve":[25,40],"stimulation":[26,190],"(tMNS)":[27],"represents":[28],"a":[29,75,86,90,93,114,118,148,172,209,221,225],"promising":[30],"method":[31],"for":[32,211],"regulation":[34,199],"activation":[36],"of":[37,48,51,62,77,85,154,200],"parasympathetic":[38],"vagal":[39],"afferents":[41],"to":[42,139,166,228,235],"brain.":[44],"However,":[45],"effect":[47,153,175],"this":[49,218],"type":[50],"non-invasive":[52],"therapy":[53,210],"has":[54],"not":[55],"been":[56],"investigated":[57],"thoroughly":[58],"context":[61],"thermoregulation.":[63],"We":[64,143],"analyzed":[65],"skin":[67,157,177,202],"temperature":[68,158,178,203,232],"data":[69,130],"an":[71],"ancillary":[72],"study":[73,83],"from":[74,104,117,131],"cohort":[76,223],"19":[78],"participants":[79],"who":[80],"underwent":[81],"two":[82],"visits":[84],"protocol,":[87],"each":[88,105],"involving":[89],"dose-response":[91,136,182],"activity,":[92,96,183],"cold":[94,133,161,212,237],"pressor":[95,134,162],"either":[98],"tMNS":[99,146,170,205],"or":[100],"sham":[101,167,189],"stimulation.":[102,168],"Data":[103],"protocol":[106,226],"segment":[107],"was":[108],"averaged":[109],"then":[111],"normalized":[112],"as":[113,164,208],"percent":[115],"difference":[116],"baseline":[119],"rest":[120],"section.":[121],"Paired":[122],"t-tests":[123],"Pitman-Morgan":[125],"tests":[126],"were":[127],"run":[128],"on":[129,176],"activities":[137],"respectively":[138],"determine":[140],"statistical":[141],"significance.":[142],"found":[144],"that":[145,197],"had":[147,171],"significant":[149],"<tex":[150,191],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[151,192],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">$(p=0.036)$</tex>":[152],"blunting":[155],"drops":[159],"during":[160,180],"recovery":[163],"compared":[165],"Additionally,":[169],"general":[173],"regulatory":[174],"change":[179],"with":[184,204,224],"significantly":[185],"less":[186],"variance":[187],"than":[188],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">$(p&lt;0.05)$</tex>.":[193],"These":[194],"results":[195],"indicate":[196],"possible":[198],"can":[206],"serve":[207],"exposure.":[213,240],"Future":[214],"work":[215],"should":[216],"investigate":[217],"mechanism":[219],"larger":[222],"designed":[227],"assess":[229],"reactivity":[230],"both":[236],"heat":[239]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2026-01-21T00:00:00"}