{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2505907701","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bsn.2016.7516245","title":"Footstep energy harvesting using heel strike-induced airflow for human activity sensing","display_name":"Footstep energy harvesting using heel strike-induced airflow for human activity sensing","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2505907701","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bsn.2016.7516245","mag":"2505907701"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/bsn.2016.7516245","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bsn.2016.7516245","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE 13th International Conference on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (BSN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045386141","display_name":"Hailing Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7557-3853"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hailing Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001789558","display_name":"Kun Cao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kun Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113148426","display_name":"Ruize Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruize Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061119252","display_name":"Mohamed Aziz Bhouri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1140-7415"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Aziz Bhouri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065879758","display_name":"Ricardo Martinez-Botas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3263-8151"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ricardo Martinez-Botas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115602621","display_name":"Sang\u2010Gook Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7018-9716"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sang-Gook Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062134436","display_name":"Eric M. Yeatman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0487-2693"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric M. Yeatman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2089,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91045425,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"124","last_page":"129"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11230","display_name":"Innovative Energy Harvesting Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11230","display_name":"Innovative Energy Harvesting Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10338","display_name":"Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/airflow","display_name":"Airflow","score":0.8010590076446533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-harvesting","display_name":"Energy harvesting","score":0.7301085591316223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turbine","display_name":"Turbine","score":0.5453602075576782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.48499152064323425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4679132103919983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.44847676157951355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.4054839015007019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.3687528073787689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3583962917327881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3455951511859894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.2799795866012573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.08294442296028137}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116067010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4698686","display_name":"Airflow","level":2,"score":0.8010590076446533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101518730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q930236","display_name":"Energy harvesting","level":3,"score":0.7301085591316223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778449969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130760","display_name":"Turbine","level":2,"score":0.5453602075576782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.48499152064323425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4679132103919983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.44847676157951355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.4054839015007019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3687528073787689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3583962917327881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3455951511859894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2799795866012573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08294442296028137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/bsn.2016.7516245","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bsn.2016.7516245","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE 13th International Conference on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (BSN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:spiral.imperial.ac.uk:10044/1/44882","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://spiral.imperial.ac.uk/bitstreams/c5333236-585b-4462-b727-17911a95a859/download","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401396","display_name":"Spiral (Imperial College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","host_organization_name":"Imperial College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"13th IEEE International Conference on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (BSN)","raw_type":"Conference Paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8899999856948853}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W8467930","https://openalex.org/W331498689","https://openalex.org/W1581370671","https://openalex.org/W1969846447","https://openalex.org/W1981602625","https://openalex.org/W2001359114","https://openalex.org/W2002256841","https://openalex.org/W2081768052","https://openalex.org/W2091905595","https://openalex.org/W2117032825","https://openalex.org/W2118471599","https://openalex.org/W2129589778","https://openalex.org/W2169859004","https://openalex.org/W2390387270","https://openalex.org/W2414440803","https://openalex.org/W2480816471","https://openalex.org/W6611335264","https://openalex.org/W6634754336"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2585268847","https://openalex.org/W2015491755","https://openalex.org/W2018932204","https://openalex.org/W2184016840","https://openalex.org/W2606608188","https://openalex.org/W2381873111","https://openalex.org/W2566010174","https://openalex.org/W1908935147","https://openalex.org/W1966708639","https://openalex.org/W1971404201"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Body":[0],"sensor":[1],"networks":[2],"are":[3,76],"increasingly":[4],"popular":[5],"in":[6,78,176,185],"healthcare,":[7],"sports,":[8],"military":[9],"and":[10,106,132,155,174,216,230],"security.":[11],"However,":[12],"the":[13,24,68,99,103,107,111,116,122,146,186,225,238],"power":[14,36,144,178,207],"supply":[15],"from":[16,32,57,83,93,136,188],"conventional":[17],"batteries":[18],"is":[19,41,64,87],"a":[20,42,137,157,164,177,208,214,217],"key":[21],"bottleneck":[22],"for":[23,151],"development":[25],"of":[26,98,110,115,145,160,213],"body":[27],"condition":[28],"monitoring.":[29],"Energy":[30],"harvesting":[31],"human":[33,54],"motion":[34,55,70],"to":[35,52,66,80,89,205],"wearable":[37],"or":[38],"implantable":[39],"devices":[40],"promising":[43],"alternative.":[44],"This":[45],"paper":[46],"presents":[47],"an":[48],"airflow":[49,82],"energy":[50,56,62,92,170,201],"harvester":[51,63,147,239],"harness":[53],"footsteps.":[58],"An":[59],"air":[60],"bladder-turbine":[61],"designed":[65],"convert":[67],"footstep":[69],"into":[71],"electrical":[72,91],"energy.":[73],"The":[74,85,95,141,168,199,233],"bladders":[75],"embedded":[77],"shoes":[79],"induce":[81],"foot-strikes.":[84],"turbine":[86,100,117],"employed":[88],"generate":[90],"airflow.":[94],"design":[96],"parameters":[97],"rotor,":[101],"including":[102],"blade":[104],"number":[105],"inner":[108],"diameter":[109,114],"blades":[112],"(the":[113],"shaft),":[118],"were":[119],"optimized":[120],"using":[121],"computational":[123],"fluid":[124],"dynamics":[125],"(CFD)":[126],"method.":[127],"A":[128],"prototype":[129],"was":[130,148,171,183,195,202,222],"developed":[131],"tested":[133],"with":[134,163,237],"footsteps":[135],"65":[138],"kg":[139],"person.":[140],"peak":[142],"output":[143],"first":[149],"measured":[150],"different":[152],"resistive":[153],"loads":[154],"showed":[156],"maximum":[158],"value":[159],"90.6":[161],"mW":[162],"30.4":[165],"\u03a9":[166],"load.":[167],"harvested":[169],"then":[172],"regulated":[173,200],"stored":[175,184],"management":[179],"circuit.":[180],"14.8":[181],"mJ":[182,221],"circuit":[187],"165":[189],"footsteps,":[190],"which":[191,211],"means":[192],"90":[193],"\u03bcJ":[194],"obtained":[196],"per":[197,227],"footstep.":[198],"finally":[203],"used":[204],"fully":[206],"fitness":[209],"tracker":[210,226,234],"consists":[212],"pedometer":[215],"Bluetooth":[218,228],"module.":[219],"7.38":[220],"consumed":[223],"by":[224],"configuration":[229],"data":[231],"transmission.":[232],"operated":[235],"normally":[236],"working":[240],"continuously.":[241]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}