{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1923571051","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bsn.2015.7299424","title":"Experimental assessment of human-body-like tissue as a communication channel for galvanic coupling","display_name":"Experimental assessment of human-body-like tissue as a communication channel for galvanic coupling","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1923571051","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bsn.2015.7299424","mag":"1923571051"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/bsn.2015.7299424","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bsn.2015.7299424","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE 12th International Conference on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (BSN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073221460","display_name":"William J. Tomlinson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3170-2836"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"William J. Tomlinson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University","[Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086358893","display_name":"Fabi\u00e1n Abarca","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabian Abarca","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University","[Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080483470","display_name":"Kaushik Chowdhury","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3570-2622"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaushik R. Chowdhury","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University","[Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054370349","display_name":"Milica Stojanovic","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9127-9638"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Milica Stojanovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University","[Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009706468","display_name":"Christopher Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1025-5480"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343143571","display_name":"Draper Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/04378d909","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343143571"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc","CHARLES STARK DRAPER LABORATORY, INC"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343143571"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CHARLES STARK DRAPER LABORATORY, INC","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5073221460"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3541,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61325408,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13052","display_name":"Molecular Communication and Nanonetworks","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12801","display_name":"Bluetooth and Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9858999848365784,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5810635089874268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5210561156272888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-computer","display_name":"Wearable computer","score":0.5129139423370361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-sounding","display_name":"Channel sounding","score":0.5108330249786377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.48452848196029663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coupling","display_name":"Coupling (piping)","score":0.4665133059024811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.42892611026763916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-system","display_name":"Communications system","score":0.4250418245792389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.41420403122901917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.41267067193984985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3897717595100403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.33934831619262695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2925816774368286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2553855776786804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.23696374893188477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.14000430703163147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.10627689957618713}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5810635089874268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5210561156272888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150594956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334829","display_name":"Wearable computer","level":2,"score":0.5129139423370361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781127089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25051821","display_name":"Channel sounding","level":4,"score":0.5108330249786377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.48452848196029663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131584629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4308705","display_name":"Coupling (piping)","level":2,"score":0.4665133059024811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.42892611026763916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.4250418245792389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.41420403122901917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.41267067193984985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3897717595100403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.33934831619262695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2925816774368286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2553855776786804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.23696374893188477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.14000430703163147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.10627689957618713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/bsn.2015.7299424","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bsn.2015.7299424","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE 12th International Conference on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (BSN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W610951678","https://openalex.org/W1974869984","https://openalex.org/W2017973629","https://openalex.org/W2038418650","https://openalex.org/W2088524907","https://openalex.org/W2105530844","https://openalex.org/W2151484914","https://openalex.org/W2170976591","https://openalex.org/W2252539767"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2359663630","https://openalex.org/W2294565841","https://openalex.org/W3204276839","https://openalex.org/W2513792068","https://openalex.org/W2383801459","https://openalex.org/W4233785208","https://openalex.org/W2912284747","https://openalex.org/W2372426168","https://openalex.org/W2375193409","https://openalex.org/W2765127077"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"recent":[1],"surge":[2],"of":[3,62,70,87,101,129,147],"implantable":[4],"and":[5,94,133,140,143],"wearable":[6],"medical":[7],"devices":[8,27],"have":[9],"paved":[10],"the":[11,63,68,98,124,130,145],"way":[12],"for":[13],"realizing":[14],"intra-body":[15,53],"networks":[16],"(IBNs).":[17],"Traditional":[18],"RF-based":[19],"techniques":[20],"fall":[21],"short":[22],"in":[23,97],"wirelessly":[24],"connecting":[25],"such":[26,71],"owing":[28],"to":[29,51,104,123],"absorption":[30],"within":[31,47],"body":[32,65],"tissues.":[33],"A":[34],"different":[35],"approach":[36],"is":[37,57],"known":[38],"as":[39],"galvanic":[40],"coupling,":[41],"which":[42],"employs":[43],"weak":[44],"electrical":[45,72],"current":[46],"naturally":[48],"conducting":[49],"tissues":[50,66],"enable":[52],"communication.":[54],"This":[55],"work":[56],"focused":[58],"on":[59],"channel":[60,117,131],"characterization":[61],"human":[64,89],"considering":[67],"propagation":[69],"signals":[73],"through":[74],"it":[75],"that":[76],"carry":[77],"data.":[78],"Experiments":[79],"were":[80],"conducted":[81],"using":[82],"porcine":[83],"tissue":[84],"(in":[85],"lieu":[86],"actual":[88],"tissue)":[90],"with":[91,149],"skin,":[92],"fat":[93],"muscle":[95],"layers":[96],"frequency":[99,134],"range":[100],"100":[102],"kHz":[103],"1":[105],"MHz.":[106],"By":[107],"utilizing":[108],"single-carrier":[109],"BPSK":[110],"modulated":[111],"Pseudorandom":[112],"Noise":[113],"Sequences,":[114],"a":[115,137],"correlative":[116],"sounding":[118],"system":[119],"was":[120],"implemented,":[121],"leading":[122],"following":[125],"contributions:":[126],"(1)":[127],"measurements":[128],"impulse":[132],"response,":[135],"(2)":[136],"noise":[138],"analysis":[139],"capacity":[141],"estimation,":[142],"(3)":[144],"comparison":[146],"results":[148],"existing":[150],"models.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}