{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3094194059","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/brains49436.2020.9223302","title":"A New Blockchain Digital MRV (Measurement, Reporting, and Verification) Architecture for Existing Building Energy Performance","display_name":"A New Blockchain Digital MRV (Measurement, Reporting, and Verification) Architecture for Existing Building Energy Performance","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3094194059","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/brains49436.2020.9223302","mag":"3094194059"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/brains49436.2020.9223302","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/brains49436.2020.9223302","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 2nd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101542179","display_name":"Junghoon Woo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3004-2581"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","display_name":"University of Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Junghoon Woo","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Florida,M.E. Rinker, Sr. School of Construction Management,Gainesville,FL 32611","M.E. Rinker, Sr. School of Construction Management, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Florida,M.E. Rinker, Sr. School of Construction Management,Gainesville,FL 32611","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"M.E. Rinker, Sr. School of Construction Management, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054838309","display_name":"Charles J. Kibert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0312-3175"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","display_name":"University of Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles J. Kibert","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Florida,M.E. Rinker, Sr. School of Construction Management,Gainesville,FL 32611","M.E. Rinker, Sr. School of Construction Management, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Florida,M.E. Rinker, Sr. School of Construction Management,Gainesville,FL 32611","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"M.E. Rinker, Sr. School of Construction Management, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108370925","display_name":"Richard E. Newman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","display_name":"University of Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard Newman","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Florida,Computer & Information Science & Engineering,Gainesville,FL 32611"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Florida,Computer & Information Science & Engineering,Gainesville,FL 32611","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089592699","display_name":"Alireza Shojaei Kol Kachi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99041443","display_name":"Mississippi State University","ror":"https://ror.org/0432jq872","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141039","https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alireza Shojaei Kol Kachi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mississippi State University,Building Construction Science Department,MS 39762","Building Construction Science Department, Mississippi State University, MS 39762"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mississippi State University,Building Construction Science Department,MS 39762","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99041443"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Building Construction Science Department, Mississippi State University, MS 39762","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003650118","display_name":"Ridah Fatima","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","display_name":"University of Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ridah Fatima","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Florida,Computer & Information Science & Engineering,Gainesville,FL 32611"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Florida,Computer & Information Science & Engineering,Gainesville,FL 32611","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103977786","display_name":"Yifeng Tian","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","display_name":"University of Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yifeng Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Florida,M.E. Rinker, Sr. School of Construction Management,Gainesville,FL 32611","M.E. Rinker, Sr. School of Construction Management, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Florida,M.E. Rinker, Sr. School of Construction Management,Gainesville,FL 32611","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"M.E. Rinker, Sr. School of Construction Management, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101542179"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5061,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91791394,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"222","last_page":"226"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9896000027656555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9896000027656555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11954","display_name":"Energy Efficiency and Management","score":0.9871000051498413,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12238","display_name":"Green IT and Sustainability","score":0.9768999814987183,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.7349398136138916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/certification","display_name":"Certification","score":0.6536428928375244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/greenhouse-gas","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","score":0.6525329351425171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"Renewable energy","score":0.6512751579284668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.595327615737915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-economics","display_name":"Environmental economics","score":0.5712670683860779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.5643836259841919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5593734979629517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-change-mitigation","display_name":"Climate change mitigation","score":0.5129527449607849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.4714459180831909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/building-automation","display_name":"Building automation","score":0.4454346001148224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architectural-engineering","display_name":"Architectural engineering","score":0.3856554627418518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3225049376487732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1928752362728119}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.7349398136138916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46304622","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374814","display_name":"Certification","level":2,"score":0.6536428928375244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47737302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","level":2,"score":0.6525329351425171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.6512751579284668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.595327615737915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.5712670683860779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.5643836259841919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5593734979629517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509746633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898653","display_name":"Climate change mitigation","level":3,"score":0.5129527449607849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.4714459180831909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83931994","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1149653","display_name":"Building automation","level":2,"score":0.4454346001148224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.3856554627418518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3225049376487732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1928752362728119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/brains49436.2020.9223302","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/brains49436.2020.9223302","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 2nd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8100000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1999979720","https://openalex.org/W2029393574","https://openalex.org/W2132917685","https://openalex.org/W2235347216","https://openalex.org/W2318998031","https://openalex.org/W2765923635","https://openalex.org/W2942028904","https://openalex.org/W2953333746","https://openalex.org/W2954435088"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210406818","https://openalex.org/W4306779889","https://openalex.org/W4386732777","https://openalex.org/W3211706803","https://openalex.org/W4382775358","https://openalex.org/W4246942721","https://openalex.org/W3209862047","https://openalex.org/W4304136894","https://openalex.org/W2989851257","https://openalex.org/W793102245"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,25,182],"widespread":[1],"and":[2,10,36,57,83,97,138,172,199],"massive":[3],"effects":[4],"of":[5,32,38,75,87,135,184,202],"climate":[6,63],"are":[7,70,111],"now":[8],"inevitable,":[9],"action":[11],"must":[12,43],"be":[13,91,115],"taken":[14],"by":[15,48,52,93],"all":[16,94],"sectors":[17],"to":[18,22,54,60,114,119,130,146,151,168,188],"mitigate":[19],"their":[20,157],"contributions":[21],"its":[23,45,203],"impacts.":[24],"building":[26,142],"sector":[27,42,129],"accounts":[28],"for":[29,72,126,166,196],"about":[30,73],"40%":[31,74],"global":[33],"energy":[34,46,59,143,159,179],"consumption":[35,47],"30%":[37],"GHG":[39],"emissions.":[40],"This":[41],"reduce":[44],"at":[49],"least":[50],"50%":[51],"shifting":[53],"hyper-efficient":[55],"systems":[56],"renewable":[58],"meet":[61],"the":[62,76,80,85,127,164,170],"change":[64],"mitigation":[65],"goal.":[66],"Certified":[67,100],"green":[68,101,149],"buildings":[69,150],"responsible":[71],"office":[77],"markets":[78],"in":[79,106],"U.":[81],"S.":[82],"utilize":[84],"types":[86],"strategies":[88],"that":[89],"should":[90],"implemented":[92],"new":[95,191],"construction":[96,128],"major":[98],"renovations.":[99],"buildings,":[102],"although":[103],"highly":[104],"effective":[105],"reducing":[107],"greenhouse":[108],"gas":[109],"emissions,":[110],"generally":[112],"considered":[113],"an":[116],"expensive":[117],"solution":[118],"this":[120,185],"problem.":[121],"There":[122],"is":[123,187],"excellent":[124],"potential":[125],"employ":[131],"a":[132,175,190,200],"blockchain":[133,192],"framework":[134],"measurement,":[136],"report,":[137],"verification":[139],"(MRV)":[140],"towards":[141],"performance":[144],"(BEP)":[145],"enable":[147],"certified":[148],"earn":[152],"carbon":[153],"credits":[154],"based":[155],"on":[156],"exceptional":[158],"performance.":[160],"Blockchain":[161],"technology":[162],"eliminates":[163],"need":[165],"intermediaries":[167],"validate":[169],"data":[171],"builds":[173],"up":[174],"reliable,":[176],"immutable,":[177],"traceable":[178],"monitoring":[180],"system.":[181],"goal":[183],"paper":[186],"present":[189],"digital":[193],"MRV":[194],"architecture":[195],"existing":[197],"BEP":[198],"prototype":[201],"application.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-05-18T08:16:58.900851","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}