{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414463728","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bmsb65076.2025.11165716","title":"Dynamic Reinforcement Learning-Driven Digital Twin for Optimised Multimedia Traffic Management in B5G SDN Core Networks","display_name":"Dynamic Reinforcement Learning-Driven Digital Twin for Optimised Multimedia Traffic Management in B5G SDN Core Networks","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414463728","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bmsb65076.2025.11165716"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/bmsb65076.2025.11165716","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bmsb65076.2025.11165716","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Symposium on Broadband Multimedia Systems and Broadcasting (BMSB)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010224200","display_name":"Ahmed Al-Jawad","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60488453","display_name":"Middlesex University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rv4p989","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60488453"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Al-Jawad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Middlesex University London,Department of Design Engineering and Mathematics,Hendon, London,U.K.,NW4 4BT"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Middlesex University London,Department of Design Engineering and Mathematics,Hendon, London,U.K.,NW4 4BT","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60488453"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010642299","display_name":"Mahnoor Yaqoob","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0223-6936"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60488453","display_name":"Middlesex University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rv4p989","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60488453"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahnoor Yaqoob","raw_affiliation_strings":["Middlesex University London,London Digital Twin Research Centre,Hendon, London,U.K.,NW4 4BT"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Middlesex University London,London Digital Twin Research Centre,Hendon, London,U.K.,NW4 4BT","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60488453"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047614582","display_name":"Purav Shah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0113-5690"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60488453","display_name":"Middlesex University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rv4p989","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60488453"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Purav Shah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Middlesex University London,London Digital Twin Research Centre,Hendon, London,U.K.,NW4 4BT"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Middlesex University London,London Digital Twin Research Centre,Hendon, London,U.K.,NW4 4BT","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60488453"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061828397","display_name":"Huan X. Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4105-2558"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60488453","display_name":"Middlesex University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rv4p989","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60488453"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huan Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Middlesex University London,London Digital Twin Research Centre,Hendon, London,U.K.,NW4 4BT"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Middlesex University London,London Digital Twin Research Centre,Hendon, London,U.K.,NW4 4BT","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60488453"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028937831","display_name":"Ramona Trestian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3315-3081"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60488453","display_name":"Middlesex University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rv4p989","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60488453"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ramona Trestian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Middlesex University London,London Digital Twin Research Centre,Hendon, London,U.K.,NW4 4BT"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Middlesex University London,London Digital Twin Research Centre,Hendon, London,U.K.,NW4 4BT","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60488453"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070893668","display_name":"Ioan-Sorin Com\u015fa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9121-0286"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116528","display_name":"Swiss Distance University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01t75ff47","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116528"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134521","display_name":"UniDistance Suisse","ror":"https://ror.org/03exthx58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134521"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ioan-Sorin Com\u015fa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Swiss Distance University of Applied Sciences,Institute for Research in Open-, Distance- and eLearning,Brig,Switzerland,CH-3900"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swiss Distance University of Applied Sciences,Institute for Research in Open-, Distance- and eLearning,Brig,Switzerland,CH-3900","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116528","https://openalex.org/I4210134521"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.26645408,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9639999866485596,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9639999866485596,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10763","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Industry","score":0.9275000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13731","display_name":"Advanced Computing and Algorithms","score":0.901199996471405,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.6589999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-experience","display_name":"Quality of experience","score":0.5953999757766724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.525600016117096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-service","display_name":"Quality of service","score":0.4120999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-management","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","score":0.3986000120639801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-allocation","display_name":"Resource allocation","score":0.3885999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-topology","display_name":"Network topology","score":0.3871000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-management","display_name":"Network management","score":0.38530001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.3549000024795532}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7706000208854675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.6589999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779333187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3132648","display_name":"Quality of experience","level":3,"score":0.5953999757766724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5687000155448914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.5282999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.525600016117096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5119721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220501","display_name":"Quality of service","level":2,"score":0.4120999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.40059998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780609101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156588","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","level":2,"score":0.3986000120639801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29202148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287260","display_name":"Resource allocation","level":2,"score":0.3885999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199845137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Network topology","level":2,"score":0.3871000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129763632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1454667","display_name":"Network management","level":2,"score":0.38530001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.3549000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5038329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1142907","display_name":"Core network","level":2,"score":0.3425999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203274722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7001161","display_name":"Network performance","level":2,"score":0.32429999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.3021000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13540734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5318996","display_name":"Dynamic network analysis","level":2,"score":0.2939999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201100257","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q393287","display_name":"Network traffic control","level":3,"score":0.28679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81877898","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1965787","display_name":"Network monitoring","level":2,"score":0.28360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195563490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180368","display_name":"Network congestion","level":3,"score":0.2786000072956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46451311","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q262550","display_name":"Traffic shaping","level":4,"score":0.2743000090122223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776831358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1150166","display_name":"Facilitator","level":2,"score":0.26829999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176715033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2080768","display_name":"Traffic generation model","level":2,"score":0.25870001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139940560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q290036","display_name":"Network simulation","level":2,"score":0.25519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77270119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1655198","display_name":"Software-defined networking","level":2,"score":0.25},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.25}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/bmsb65076.2025.11165716","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bmsb65076.2025.11165716","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Symposium on Broadband Multimedia Systems and Broadcasting (BMSB)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2072947655","https://openalex.org/W2118404561","https://openalex.org/W2890483234","https://openalex.org/W2979912857","https://openalex.org/W3033618994","https://openalex.org/W3127614346","https://openalex.org/W3130503957","https://openalex.org/W3185904346","https://openalex.org/W3206242583","https://openalex.org/W4206957298","https://openalex.org/W4281722802","https://openalex.org/W4285407092","https://openalex.org/W4297911781","https://openalex.org/W4366202009","https://openalex.org/W4380303648","https://openalex.org/W4396754388","https://openalex.org/W4400233779","https://openalex.org/W4401414028","https://openalex.org/W4403937254"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"rapid":[1],"growth":[2],"of":[3,14,30,73],"multimedia":[4,95,127],"applications":[5],"and":[6,35,57,77,117,129,140,147,169],"the":[7,21,134],"rising":[8],"expectations":[9],"for":[10,23,125,172],"an":[11],"enhanced":[12],"Quality":[13],"Experience":[15],"(QoE)":[16],"among":[17],"users":[18],"have":[19],"emphasised":[20],"need":[22],"innovative":[24],"approaches":[25],"to":[26,48,93,114,154,160],"ensure":[27],"efficient":[28,118],"delivery":[29],"video":[31],"content":[32],"in":[33,98],"5G":[34,37],"Beyond":[36],"(B5G)":[38],"networks.":[39,174],"Machine":[40],"Learning":[41],"(ML)":[42],"techniques":[43],"are":[44],"increasingly":[45],"being":[46],"explored":[47],"address":[49],"these":[50],"challenges":[51],"by":[52],"enabling":[53],"intelligent":[54],"traffic":[55,96,119],"management":[56,97],"QoE":[58,158],"optimisation.":[59],"Within":[60],"this":[61],"landscape,":[62],"Software-Defined":[63],"Networking":[64],"(SDN)":[65],"plays":[66],"a":[67,71,85,110,167],"pivotal":[68],"role":[69],"as":[70,166],"facilitator":[72],"dynamic":[74,111],"resource":[75],"allocation":[76],"QoE-centric":[78],"network":[79,138],"management.":[80],"This":[81],"paper":[82],"introduces":[83],"AIMTWIN,":[84],"reinforcement":[86],"learning":[87],"(RL)-driven":[88],"Digital":[89],"Twin":[90],"framework":[91,135],"designed":[92],"optimise":[94],"B5G":[99],"SDN":[100],"environments.":[101],"AIMTWIN":[102],"integrates":[103],"real-time":[104],"telemetry":[105],"from":[106],"physical":[107],"networks":[108],"with":[109],"virtual":[112],"model":[113],"provide":[115],"adaptive":[116],"routing.":[120],"By":[121],"prioritising":[122],"static":[123],"paths":[124],"QoS-critical":[126],"flows":[128],"dynamically":[130],"managing":[131],"background":[132],"traffic,":[133],"delivers":[136],"superior":[137],"performance":[139],"user":[141],"satisfaction.":[142],"Experimental":[143],"results":[144],"on":[145],"small":[146],"medium":[148],"scale":[149],"topologies":[150],"highlight":[151],"AIMTWIN\u2019s":[152],"ability":[153],"achieve":[155],"consistently":[156],"Excellent":[157],"compared":[159],"state-of-the-art":[161],"routing":[162],"methods,":[163],"positioning":[164],"it":[165],"scalable":[168],"robust":[170],"solution":[171],"next-generation":[173]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
