{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2289019308","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bmei.2015.7401556","title":"Towards a TCM domain ontology: Standardization, ontology engineering, and applications","display_name":"Towards a TCM domain ontology: Standardization, ontology engineering, and applications","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2289019308","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bmei.2015.7401556","mag":"2289019308"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/bmei.2015.7401556","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bmei.2015.7401556","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 8th International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Informatics (BMEI)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103122923","display_name":"Tong Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7254-0992"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210141683","display_name":"China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/042pgcv68","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141683"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tong Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information on Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information on Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210141683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103141049","display_name":"Meng Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2916-4618"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210141683","display_name":"China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/042pgcv68","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141683"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meng Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information on Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information on Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210141683"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101036059","display_name":"Lirong Jia","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210141683","display_name":"China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/042pgcv68","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141683"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lirong Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information on Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information on Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210141683"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210141683"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"500","last_page":"504"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontology","display_name":"Ontology","score":0.8327484130859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terminology","display_name":"Terminology","score":0.7510821223258972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7350286245346069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.5359485745429993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standardization","display_name":"Standardization","score":0.5309547781944275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontology-engineering","display_name":"Ontology engineering","score":0.5127161741256714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-biomedical-ontologies","display_name":"Open Biomedical Ontologies","score":0.44388338923454285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontology-based-data-integration","display_name":"Ontology-based data integration","score":0.4427461624145508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unified-medical-language-system","display_name":"Unified Medical Language System","score":0.43548721075057983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.423494815826416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-ontology","display_name":"Upper ontology","score":0.41734546422958374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.4087454676628113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.39885956048965454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain-knowledge","display_name":"Domain knowledge","score":0.38062024116516113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontology-alignment","display_name":"Ontology alignment","score":0.2632520794868469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.2556005120277405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.1109887957572937}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25810664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44325","display_name":"Ontology","level":2,"score":0.8327484130859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547195049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1725664","display_name":"Terminology","level":2,"score":0.7510821223258972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7350286245346069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5359485745429993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188087704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q369577","display_name":"Standardization","level":2,"score":0.5309547781944275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778820784","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027508","display_name":"Ontology engineering","level":4,"score":0.5127161741256714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137982476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7072326","display_name":"Open Biomedical Ontologies","level":5,"score":0.44388338923454285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22550185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7095047","display_name":"Ontology-based data integration","level":3,"score":0.4427461624145508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69505689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q455338","display_name":"Unified Medical Language System","level":2,"score":0.43548721075057983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.423494815826416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78726541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3882785","display_name":"Upper ontology","level":3,"score":0.41734546422958374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.4087454676628113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.39885956048965454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207685749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2088941","display_name":"Domain knowledge","level":2,"score":0.38062024116516113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98893333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4339878","display_name":"Ontology alignment","level":4,"score":0.2632520794868469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.2556005120277405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.1109887957572937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/bmei.2015.7401556","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bmei.2015.7401556","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 8th International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Informatics (BMEI)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6100000143051147,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1974412659","https://openalex.org/W2089579615","https://openalex.org/W2091729411","https://openalex.org/W2127480960","https://openalex.org/W2137079713","https://openalex.org/W2157272674","https://openalex.org/W2159583324","https://openalex.org/W2216436712","https://openalex.org/W4245672552"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2732632690","https://openalex.org/W2346185802","https://openalex.org/W2075856122","https://openalex.org/W147727067","https://openalex.org/W4255991504","https://openalex.org/W149627178","https://openalex.org/W4206428734","https://openalex.org/W3045752620","https://openalex.org/W2398356932","https://openalex.org/W4293690910"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Traditional":[0,81],"Chinese":[1,82],"Medicine":[2,83],"(TCM)":[3],"is":[4,13],"a":[5,9,21,29,37,77],"medical":[6],"system":[7],"with":[8],"long":[10],"history,":[11],"and":[12,25,28,54,65,94,129],"still":[14],"in-practice":[15],"today.":[16],"The":[17,98],"TCM":[18,46,63,71],"domain":[19,58,78],"has":[20,41,116],"plenty":[22],"of":[23,39,102],"archaic":[24],"abstruse":[26],"terms":[27],"complex":[30],"conceptual":[31],"system.":[32],"In":[33],"the":[34,107],"information":[35,50],"age,":[36],"lot":[38],"work":[40],"been":[42,117],"done":[43],"to":[44,61],"digitalize":[45],"knowledge":[47,52,125],"assets":[48],"for":[49],"retrieval,":[51],"discovery,":[53],"other":[55],"applications.":[56],"A":[57],"ontology":[59,79],"helps":[60],"standardize":[62],"terminology":[64,127],"can":[66],"be":[67],"very":[68],"useful":[69],"in":[70,113,120],"informatics.":[72],"Therefore,":[73],"we":[74],"have":[75],"engineered":[76],"named":[80],"Language":[84],"System":[85],"(TCMLS),":[86],"which":[87],"contains":[88],"approximately":[89],"300,000":[90],"terms,":[91],"120,000":[92],"concepts,":[93],"1,270,000":[95],"semantic":[96,99],"relations.":[97],"network":[100],"framework":[101],"TCMLS":[103,115],"was":[104],"published":[105],"as":[106,124],"ISO":[108],"technical":[109],"specification":[110],"\"ISO/TS":[111],"17938:2014\"":[112],"2014.":[114],"successfully":[118],"applied":[119],"many":[121],"applications":[122],"such":[123],"visualization,":[126],"integration,":[128],"text":[130],"mining.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}