{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1966285962","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bmei.2013.6746997","title":"Comparative study of two-layer particle swarm optimization and particle swarm optimization in classification for tumor gene expression data with different dimensionalities","display_name":"Comparative study of two-layer particle swarm optimization and particle swarm optimization in classification for tumor gene expression data with different dimensionalities","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1966285962","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bmei.2013.6746997","mag":"1966285962"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/bmei.2013.6746997","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bmei.2013.6746997","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 6th International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Informatics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100339064","display_name":"Yajie Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4629-0640"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189210763","display_name":"Yunnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0040axw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yajie Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information School Yunnan University","[Information School, Yunnan University, Kunming, China]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information School Yunnan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Information School, Yunnan University, Kunming, China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102126659","display_name":"Xinling Shi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189210763","display_name":"Yunnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0040axw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinling Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information School Yunnan University, Kunming, China","[Information School, Yunnan University, Kunming, China]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information School Yunnan University, Kunming, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Information School, Yunnan University, Kunming, China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103228592","display_name":"Baolei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5445-281X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189210763","display_name":"Yunnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0040axw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baolei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information School Yunnan University, Kunming, China","[Information School, Yunnan University, Kunming, China]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information School Yunnan University, Kunming, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Information School, Yunnan University, Kunming, China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018488711","display_name":"Lian Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3587-3613"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189210763","display_name":"Yunnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0040axw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lian Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information School Yunnan University, Kunming, China","[Information School, Yunnan University, Kunming, China]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information School Yunnan University, Kunming, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Information School, Yunnan University, Kunming, China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063227514","display_name":"Changxing Gou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189210763","display_name":"Yunnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0040axw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changxing Gou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information School Yunnan University, Kunming, China","[Information School, Yunnan University, Kunming, China]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information School Yunnan University, Kunming, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Information School, Yunnan University, Kunming, China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062540383","display_name":"Qinhu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4232-7736"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189210763","display_name":"Yunnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0040axw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qinhu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information School Yunnan University, Kunming, China","[Information School, Yunnan University, Kunming, China]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information School Yunnan University, Kunming, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Information School, Yunnan University, Kunming, China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061794192","display_name":"Yunchao Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9840-8199"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146071755","display_name":"Kunming University","ror":"https://ror.org/035rhx828","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146071755"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26080491","display_name":"Kunming Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/038c3w259","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26080491"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunchao Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Tumor Hospital), Kunming, China","Dept. of Cardiothoracic Surg., Kunming Med. Univ., Kunming, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Tumor Hospital), Kunming, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26080491"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Cardiothoracic Surg., Kunming Med. Univ., Kunming, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146071755"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"286","issue":null,"first_page":"524","last_page":"529"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10885","display_name":"Gene expression and cancer classification","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10885","display_name":"Gene expression and cancer classification","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10222","display_name":"Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10515","display_name":"Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research","score":0.9868000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.8578926920890808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-selection","display_name":"Feature selection","score":0.6385533809661865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.5103558897972107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene","display_name":"Gene","score":0.5093551874160767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Multi-swarm optimization","score":0.4986448287963867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.495022714138031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stability","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","score":0.4857635796070099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4825393557548523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swarm-behaviour","display_name":"Swarm behaviour","score":0.47004976868629456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.45697224140167236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample","display_name":"Sample (material)","score":0.4511678218841553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4209696352481842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3957602381706238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.26972800493240356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.2520439028739929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetics","display_name":"Genetics","score":0.16542673110961914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.09079703688621521}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.8578926920890808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148483581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488","display_name":"Feature selection","level":2,"score":0.6385533809661865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.5103558897972107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.5093551874160767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122357587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6934508","display_name":"Multi-swarm optimization","level":3,"score":0.4986448287963867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.495022714138031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.4857635796070099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4825393557548523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181335050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14915018","display_name":"Swarm behaviour","level":2,"score":0.47004976868629456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.45697224140167236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.4511678218841553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4209696352481842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3957602381706238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.26972800493240356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.2520439028739929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.16542673110961914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09079703688621521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/bmei.2013.6746997","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bmei.2013.6746997","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 6th International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Informatics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1727290854","https://openalex.org/W1972785704","https://openalex.org/W1977145914","https://openalex.org/W1983152740","https://openalex.org/W2002666062","https://openalex.org/W2005687228","https://openalex.org/W2025510673","https://openalex.org/W2034380795","https://openalex.org/W2069440689","https://openalex.org/W2090091537","https://openalex.org/W2099127546","https://openalex.org/W2102272134","https://openalex.org/W2104074461","https://openalex.org/W2108728387","https://openalex.org/W2109363337","https://openalex.org/W2115358726","https://openalex.org/W2119387367","https://openalex.org/W2141335157","https://openalex.org/W2150382709","https://openalex.org/W2152195021"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2006324351","https://openalex.org/W2965421953","https://openalex.org/W2349895019","https://openalex.org/W2116074880","https://openalex.org/W2950423922","https://openalex.org/W2121780490","https://openalex.org/W2137136732","https://openalex.org/W2132113279","https://openalex.org/W2113224065","https://openalex.org/W2368795850"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Classification":[0],"of":[1,11,54,112,131],"gene":[2,39,58,90,113],"expression":[3,91],"data":[4],"to":[5,17,37,80,147],"determine":[6],"different":[7],"type":[8],"or":[9],"subtype":[10],"tumor":[12],"samples":[13],"is":[14,61,78,141],"significantly":[15,143],"important":[16],"research":[18,60],"tumors":[19,105],"in":[20,31,48,57],"molecular":[21],"biology":[22],"level.":[23],"Sample":[24],"genes":[25,44],"(dimensionalities)":[26],"play":[27],"a":[28,67],"fundamental":[29],"role":[30],"classification.":[32],"Feature":[33],"selection":[34,56],"technologies":[35],"used":[36],"reduce":[38],"numbers":[40],"and":[41,103,129,144],"find":[42],"informative":[43],"have":[45],"been":[46],"presented":[47],"recent":[49],"years.":[50],"But":[51],"the":[52,72,82,95,109,116,121,126,132,136],"performance":[53],"feature":[55],"classification":[59,68,127,139],"still":[62],"controversial.":[63],"In":[64],"this":[65],"study,":[66],"algorithm":[69,140],"based":[70,134],"on":[71,135],"two-layer":[73],"particle":[74,122],"swarm":[75,123],"optimization":[76,124],"(TLPSO)":[77],"established":[79],"classify":[81],"uncertain":[83],"training":[84],"sample":[85],"sets":[86],"obtained":[87,118],"from":[88],"three":[89],"datasets":[92],"which":[93],"contain":[94],"leukemia,":[96],"diffuse":[97],"large":[98],"B":[99],"cell":[100],"lymphoma":[101],"(DLBCL)":[102],"multi-class":[104],"dataset":[106],"respectively":[107],"with":[108],"exponential":[110],"increasing":[111],"numbers.":[114],"Compared":[115],"results":[117,133],"by":[119],"using":[120],"(PSO),":[125],"stability":[128],"accuracy":[130],"proposed":[137],"TLPSO":[138],"improved":[142],"more":[145,151],"information":[146],"clinicians":[148],"for":[149],"choosing":[150],"appropriate":[152],"treatment":[153],"can":[154],"extracted.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
