{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2082462790","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bmei.2009.5305351","title":"A Fully Digital Approach in Sensing and Processing Photoplethysmographic Signal","display_name":"A Fully Digital Approach in Sensing and Processing Photoplethysmographic Signal","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2082462790","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bmei.2009.5305351","mag":"2082462790"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/bmei.2009.5305351","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bmei.2009.5305351","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 2nd International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Informatics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111500077","display_name":"Radovan Stojanovi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7600-5082"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5936373","display_name":"University of Montenegro","ror":"https://ror.org/02drrjp49","country_code":"ME","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5936373"]}],"countries":["ME"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Radovan Stojanovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro","Fac. of Electr. Eng., Univ. of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5936373"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fac. of Electr. Eng., Univ. of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5936373"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046164121","display_name":"Bogdan A\u0161anin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5936373","display_name":"University of Montenegro","ror":"https://ror.org/02drrjp49","country_code":"ME","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5936373"]}],"countries":["ME"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bogdan Asanin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Medicine, University of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro","Scholl of Med., Univ. of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medicine, University of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5936373"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Scholl of Med., Univ. of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5936373"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010755490","display_name":"Dejan Karadagli\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5549-3055"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dejan Karadaglic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of Manchester, Institute of Science and Technology, Manchester, UK","Dept. of Electr. & Electron. Eng., Univ. of Manchester, Manchester, , UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of Manchester, Institute of Science and Technology, Manchester, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. & Electron. Eng., Univ. of Manchester, Manchester, , UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111500077"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5936373"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.14681331,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"55","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11700","display_name":"Hemodynamic Monitoring and Therapy","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10745","display_name":"Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.8065879344940186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6298962235450745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-emitting-diode","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","score":0.565245509147644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5473315119743347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.5431765913963318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.512967050075531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gate-array","display_name":"Gate array","score":0.5107071995735168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.499082088470459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.4572247564792633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.4532821774482727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/converters","display_name":"Converters","score":0.4480644464492798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-signal-processing","display_name":"Digital signal processing","score":0.4348013401031494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-processing","display_name":"Signal processing","score":0.4302245080471039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2549603581428528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.25300681591033936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.25089526176452637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.15564173460006714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.15038490295410156}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.8065879344940186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6298962235450745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176666156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25504","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","level":2,"score":0.565245509147644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5473315119743347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.5431765913963318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.512967050075531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114237110","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114901","display_name":"Gate array","level":3,"score":0.5107071995735168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.499082088470459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.4572247564792633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.4532821774482727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778422915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10302051","display_name":"Converters","level":3,"score":0.4480644464492798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84462506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173142","display_name":"Digital signal processing","level":2,"score":0.4348013401031494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.4302245080471039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2549603581428528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.25300681591033936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.25089526176452637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.15564173460006714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.15038490295410156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/bmei.2009.5305351","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bmei.2009.5305351","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 2nd International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Informatics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:researchonline.gcu.ac.uk:openaire_cris_publications/d9af278d-41ce-4378-8021-233895796265","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://researchonline.gcu.ac.uk/en/publications/d9af278d-41ce-4378-8021-233895796265","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402566","display_name":"ResearchOnline (Glasgow Caledonian University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I195939026","host_organization_name":"Glasgow Caledonian University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195939026"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Stojanovic, R, Asanin, B & Karadaglic, D 2009, A fully digital approach in sensing and processing photoplethysmographic signal. in Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, 2009 (BMEI '09). IEEE, pp. 1-4, 2nd International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Informatics (BMEI '09), Tianjin, China, 17/10/09. https://doi.org/10.1109/BMEI.2009.5305351","raw_type":"contributionToPeriodical"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W40052596","https://openalex.org/W1998338528","https://openalex.org/W2083872334","https://openalex.org/W2159079926","https://openalex.org/W2163624155","https://openalex.org/W6601648370"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210376836","https://openalex.org/W4210925376","https://openalex.org/W1633995705","https://openalex.org/W2596211269","https://openalex.org/W2360384790","https://openalex.org/W4232397253","https://openalex.org/W4235913033","https://openalex.org/W2039966832","https://openalex.org/W2109284253","https://openalex.org/W2359819289"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"fully":[1],"digital":[2,51],"sensor-actuator":[3],"has":[4],"been":[5],"developed":[6],"for":[7,22,44],"photoplethysmographic":[8],"(PPG)":[9],"measurements.":[10],"Instead":[11],"of":[12,61,64,76],"classical":[13],"sensor":[14],"it":[15],"uses":[16],"standard":[17],"light":[18,24],"emitting":[19,25],"diodes":[20],"(LEDs)":[21],"both":[23,143],"and":[26,47,73,92,99,120,145],"detecting.":[27],"Time-duration":[28],"based":[29],"conversion":[30],"protocol":[31],"is":[32,74],"implemented":[33,123],"by":[34],"a":[35,62,82,85,109,125],"field":[36],"programmable":[37],"gate":[38],"array":[39],"(FPGA)":[40],"avoiding":[41],"the":[42,78,136],"need":[43],"analog":[45],"amplifiers":[46],"precision":[48],"analogue":[49],"to":[50,68],"converters":[52],"(ADCs).":[53],"The":[54,87,129],"basic":[55],"sensing":[56,110],"configuration,":[57],"presented":[58],"here,":[59],"consists":[60],"pair":[63],"LEDs":[65],"directly":[66],"connected":[67],"two":[69],"FPGA's":[70],"I/O":[71],"pins":[72],"capable":[75],"detecting":[77],"PPG":[79],"signal":[80,118],"from":[81],"finger":[83],"or":[84],"toe.":[86],"better":[88],"spectral":[89],"sensitivity,":[90],"increased":[91],"adjustable":[93],"resolution,":[94],"reduced":[95],"noise,":[96],"lower":[97],"cost":[98],"dimensions":[100],"are":[101],"confirmed":[102],"advantages.":[103],"In":[104],"this":[105],"paper":[106],"we":[107],"introduce":[108],"principle":[111],"in":[112,124,131,138],"conjunction":[113],"with":[114],"pulse-based":[115],"measurement":[116],"technique,":[117],"filtering":[119],"data":[121],"communication":[122],"single":[126],"FPGA":[127],"chip.":[128],"approach":[130],"general,":[132],"as":[133,135],"well":[134],"prototype":[137],"particular,":[139],"where":[140],"evaluated":[141],"through":[142],"qualitative":[144],"quantitative":[146],"experiments.":[147]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}