{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2168584572","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bmei.2009.5304895","title":"Computerized Systems for Cataract Grading","display_name":"Computerized Systems for Cataract Grading","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2168584572","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bmei.2009.5304895","mag":"2168584572"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/bmei.2009.5304895","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bmei.2009.5304895","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 2nd International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Informatics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032690182","display_name":"Haizhou Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9158-9401"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Huiqi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077258552","display_name":"Joo\u2010Hwee Lim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4103-3824"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joo Hwee Lim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100325209","display_name":"Jiang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6281-6505"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015497605","display_name":"Damon Wing Kee Wong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4601-9121"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Damon Wing Kee Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102095402","display_name":"Ngan Meng Tan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ngan Meng Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023507910","display_name":"Shijian Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6766-2506"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shijian Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100429699","display_name":"Zhuo Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0013-432X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhuo Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072258594","display_name":"Tien Yin Wong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8448-1264"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116917","display_name":"Singapore Eye Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02crz6e12","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116917"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tien Yin Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116917"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032690182"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.28161404,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"87","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10250","display_name":"Glaucoma and retinal disorders","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10250","display_name":"Glaucoma and retinal disorders","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11291","display_name":"Intraocular Surgery and Lenses","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11480","display_name":"Connexins and lens biology","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cataracts","display_name":"Cataracts","score":0.7882164716720581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thresholding","display_name":"Thresholding","score":0.6547157764434814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grading","display_name":"Grading (engineering)","score":0.6047764420509338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.5923336148262024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5696471333503723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5660295486450195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blindness","display_name":"Blindness","score":0.44181811809539795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.39443010091781616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.37070339918136597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.35990816354751587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ophthalmology","display_name":"Ophthalmology","score":0.31097468733787537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optometry","display_name":"Optometry","score":0.3068225085735321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09954386949539185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.06697243452072144}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780225610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127724","display_name":"Cataracts","level":2,"score":0.7882164716720581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191178318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2256906","display_name":"Thresholding","level":3,"score":0.6547157764434814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777286243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5591926","display_name":"Grading (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6047764420509338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.5923336148262024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5696471333503723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5660295486450195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780929884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q737460","display_name":"Blindness","level":2,"score":0.44181811809539795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.39443010091781616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.37070339918136597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.35990816354751587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.31097468733787537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119767625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618211","display_name":"Optometry","level":1,"score":0.3068225085735321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09954386949539185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.06697243452072144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/bmei.2009.5304895","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bmei.2009.5304895","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 2nd International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Informatics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1571426111","https://openalex.org/W1606426186","https://openalex.org/W2038835377","https://openalex.org/W2064045987","https://openalex.org/W2078690376","https://openalex.org/W2099838434","https://openalex.org/W2106879392","https://openalex.org/W2114620690","https://openalex.org/W2121088185","https://openalex.org/W2168889968","https://openalex.org/W6634203173","https://openalex.org/W6666751561","https://openalex.org/W6678195488"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2408851424","https://openalex.org/W4298308637","https://openalex.org/W2953058328","https://openalex.org/W1542224353","https://openalex.org/W2077672220","https://openalex.org/W2911882508","https://openalex.org/W1661087619","https://openalex.org/W2326730166","https://openalex.org/W2796213643","https://openalex.org/W2000353055"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cataract":[0],"is":[1],"the":[2,41,60,86,93,104],"leading":[3],"cause":[4],"of":[5,46,88,92,111],"blindness":[6],"worldwide.":[7],"Two":[8],"automatic":[9,105],"grading":[10,110],"systems":[11,94,106],"are":[12],"presented":[13],"in":[14,33,77],"this":[15],"paper":[16],"for":[17],"nuclear":[18,47],"cataract":[19,22,48,81],"and":[20,44,74,100],"cortical":[21,58,89],"diagnosis":[23],"respectively.":[24],"Model-based":[25],"approach":[26],"was":[27,49,62,82],"applied":[28],"to":[29],"detect":[30],"anatomical":[31],"structure":[32,43],"slit-lamp":[34],"images.":[35],"Features":[36],"were":[37,69,95],"extracted":[38],"based":[39,84],"on":[40,85],"lens":[42],"severity":[45],"predicted":[50],"using":[51,64],"support":[52],"vector":[53],"machines":[54],"(SVM)":[55],"regression.":[56],"For":[57],"cataract,":[59],"opacity":[61],"detected":[63],"region":[65],"growing.":[66],"The":[67],"seeds":[68],"selected":[70],"by":[71,97],"local":[72],"thresholding":[73],"edge":[75],"detection":[76],"radial":[78],"direction.":[79],"Cortical":[80],"graded":[83],"area":[87],"opacity.":[90],"Both":[91],"tested":[96],"clinical":[98],"data":[99],"results":[101],"show":[102],"that":[103],"can":[107],"provide":[108],"objective":[109],"cataracts.":[112]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
