{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2943088379","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bloc.2019.8751373","title":"A Response to the United Nations CITES Blockchain Challenge: Incremental and Integrative PoA-based Permit Exchange","display_name":"A Response to the United Nations CITES Blockchain Challenge: Incremental and Integrative PoA-based Permit Exchange","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2943088379","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bloc.2019.8751373","mag":"2943088379"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/bloc.2019.8751373","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bloc.2019.8751373","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Blockchain and Cryptocurrency (ICBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001647631","display_name":"Anselm Busse","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8963-6675"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anselm Busse","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113810549","display_name":"Jacob Eberhardt","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jacob Eberhardt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040744413","display_name":"Sebastian Frost","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sebastian Frost","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101823607","display_name":"Dong-Ha Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong-Ha Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010235218","display_name":"Thore Weilbier","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thore Weilbier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005447462","display_name":"Lukas Renner","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lukas Renner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057506783","display_name":"Matthias Roth","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthias Roth","raw_affiliation_strings":["adesso Schweiz AG, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"adesso Schweiz AG, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112609752","display_name":"Stefan Tai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Tai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2824,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6416094,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"320","last_page":"328"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.8978000283241272,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.8978000283241272,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12640","display_name":"Environmental DNA in Biodiversity Studies","score":0.8450000286102295,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cites","display_name":"CITES","score":0.9669078588485718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.8497711420059204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.6562982201576233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.627692699432373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convention","display_name":"Convention","score":0.465016633272171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conference-of-the-parties","display_name":"Conference of the parties","score":0.41440442204475403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3413879871368408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.11707949638366699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.09279784560203552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.09039458632469177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.08312815427780151}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95803793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191836","display_name":"CITES","level":2,"score":0.9669078588485718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.8497711420059204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6562982201576233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.627692699432373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780608745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367293","display_name":"Convention","level":2,"score":0.465016633272171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777429066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15063219","display_name":"Conference of the parties","level":3,"score":0.41440442204475403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3413879871368408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.11707949638366699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.09279784560203552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.09039458632469177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.08312815427780151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/bloc.2019.8751373","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bloc.2019.8751373","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Blockchain and Cryptocurrency (ICBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.49000000953674316}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2511580607","https://openalex.org/W2555456100","https://openalex.org/W2730380569","https://openalex.org/W2737252471","https://openalex.org/W2765923635","https://openalex.org/W2892993053","https://openalex.org/W2897923185","https://openalex.org/W2907773889","https://openalex.org/W6755086113","https://openalex.org/W6757809094"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2563327394","https://openalex.org/W2770825296","https://openalex.org/W2984987575","https://openalex.org/W2777502663","https://openalex.org/W348094701","https://openalex.org/W4232717460","https://openalex.org/W4254724549","https://openalex.org/W4381617156","https://openalex.org/W2000919359","https://openalex.org/W2806052941"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"Convention":[1],"on":[2,117],"International":[3],"Trade":[4],"in":[5,110,140],"Endangered":[6],"Species":[7],"of":[8,28,54,135],"Wild":[9],"Fauna":[10],"and":[11,15,31,44,50,74,80,101,138,161,173,182,202],"Flora":[12],"(CITES)":[13],"negotiated":[14],"administered":[16],"by":[17,199],"the":[18,25,39,57,71,91,98,143,157,176,195],"United":[19],"Nations":[20],"Environment":[21],"Programme":[22],"(UNEP)":[23],"regulates":[24],"international":[26],"trade":[27],"endangered":[29],"species":[30],"derived":[32],"products":[33],"through":[34],"a":[35,61,66,77,111,122,152,165,189],"permit-based":[36],"system.":[37,84],"Currently,":[38],"permit":[40,82,99,129,159,197],"process":[41,100,109,160,198],"is":[42,139],"paper-based":[43,158],"hence":[45],"highly":[46],"prone":[47],"to":[48,63,90,164],"manipulations":[49],"errors.":[51],"Being":[52],"aware":[53],"blockchains'":[55],"potential,":[56],"CITES":[58,92,144],"Secretariat":[59],"defined":[60],"challenge":[62],"determine":[64],"whether":[65],"blockchain-based":[67,123,190],"system":[68,124,191],"can":[69,106],"address":[70],"aforementioned":[72],"issues":[73],"serve":[75],"as":[76],"secure,":[78,127],"efficient,":[79],"affordable":[81],"processing":[83],"In":[85],"this":[86,148],"paper,":[87],"we":[88,96,120,150,186],"respond":[89],"Blockchain":[93],"Challenge.":[94],"First,":[95],"analyze":[97],"discuss":[102],"how":[103,188],"blockchain":[104,167],"systems":[105,114],"improve":[107,194],"that":[108,125],"way":[112],"traditional":[113],"cannot.":[115],"Building":[116],"these":[118],"results,":[119],"design":[121],"enables":[126],"manipulation-resistant":[128],"validation,":[130],"produces":[131],"an":[132],"immutable":[133],"record":[134],"processed":[136],"permits,":[137],"compliance":[141],"with":[142,156,175],"agreement.":[145],"To":[146],"evaluate":[147],"design,":[149],"developed":[151],"proof-of-concept":[153],"implementation":[154],"compatible":[155],"deployed":[162],"it":[163],"Proof-of-Authority-based":[166],"network.":[168],"This":[169],"allows":[170],"incremental":[171],"adoption":[172],"integration":[174],"existing":[177],"process,":[178],"thereby":[179],"increasing":[180],"acceptance":[181],"addressing":[183],"affordability.":[184],"Finally,":[185],"describe":[187],"could":[192],"disruptively":[193],"established":[196],"enforcing":[200],"quotas":[201],"tracking":[203],"provenance.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}