{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388427915","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/blackseacom58138.2023.10299798","title":"Carrier Frequency Offset Based Shared Randomness for Secure Transmission in M-PSK NOMA","display_name":"Carrier Frequency Offset Based Shared Randomness for Secure Transmission in M-PSK NOMA","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388427915","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/blackseacom58138.2023.10299798"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/blackseacom58138.2023.10299798","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/blackseacom58138.2023.10299798","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Black Sea Conference on Communications and Networking (BlackSeaCom)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11147/14153","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070737400","display_name":"Caner G\u00f6ztepe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9388-5914"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48912391","display_name":"Istanbul Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/059636586","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Caner G\u00f6ztepe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Istanbul Technical University,Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering,Istanbul,T&#x00FC;rkiye"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istanbul Technical University,Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering,Istanbul,T&#x00FC;rkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022600471","display_name":"G\u00fcne\u015f Karabulut Kurt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7188-2619"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45683168","display_name":"Polytechnique Montr\u00e9al","ror":"https://ror.org/05f8d4e86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45683168"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G\u00fcne\u015f Karabulut Kurt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Polytechnique Montr&#x00E9;al,Dept. of Electrical Engineering,Montr&#x00E9;al,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Polytechnique Montr&#x00E9;al,Dept. of Electrical Engineering,Montr&#x00E9;al,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45683168"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052927830","display_name":"Berna \u00d6zbek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4359-7874"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120217413","display_name":"Izmir Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03stptj97","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120217413"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Berna \u00d6zbek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Izmir Institute of Technology,Dept. of Electrical-Electronics Engineering,Izmir,T&#x00FC;rkiye"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Izmir Institute of Technology,Dept. of Electrical-Electronics Engineering,Izmir,T&#x00FC;rkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120217413"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"342","last_page":"347"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noma","display_name":"Noma","score":0.7631301879882812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7450017929077148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secrecy","display_name":"Secrecy","score":0.6216185092926025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/randomness","display_name":"Randomness","score":0.5900001525878906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.5882591009140015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carrier-frequency-offset","display_name":"Carrier frequency offset","score":0.5544796586036682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.5471781492233276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/offset","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","score":0.48223480582237244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4343319535255432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-efficiency","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","score":0.4229784607887268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3357688784599304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.32186514139175415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-offset","display_name":"Frequency offset","score":0.2777280807495117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2756694555282593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","score":0.24550926685333252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.1845954954624176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.12870371341705322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12034440040588379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10290214419364929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.07328787446022034}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775918612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q994794","display_name":"Noma","level":3,"score":0.7631301879882812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7450017929077148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776452267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1503443","display_name":"Secrecy","level":2,"score":0.6216185092926025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125112378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176640","display_name":"Randomness","level":2,"score":0.5900001525878906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.5882591009140015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776108382","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25111451","display_name":"Carrier frequency offset","level":5,"score":0.5544796586036682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5471781492233276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175291020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156822","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.48223480582237244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4343319535255432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.4229784607887268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3357688784599304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.32186514139175415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49319798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5502874","display_name":"Frequency offset","level":4,"score":0.2777280807495117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2756694555282593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.24550926685333252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.1845954954624176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.12870371341705322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12034440040588379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10290214419364929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.07328787446022034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/blackseacom58138.2023.10299798","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/blackseacom58138.2023.10299798","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Black Sea Conference on Communications and Networking (BlackSeaCom)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:gcris.iyte.edu.tr:11147/14153","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11147/14153","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400894","display_name":"\u0130YTE (\u0130ZM\u0130R Y\u00dcKSEK TEKNOLOJ\u0130 ENST\u0130T\u00dcS\u00dc)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I120217413","host_organization_name":"Izmir Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120217413"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Object"},{"id":"pmh:oai:polen.itu.edu.tr:11527/60167","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11527/60167","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400460","display_name":"Istanbul Technical University Academic Open Archive (Istanbul Technical University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I48912391","host_organization_name":"Istanbul Technical University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference object"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publications.polymtl.ca:57178","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publications.polymtl.ca/57178/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401013","display_name":"PolyPublie (\u00c9cole Polytechnique de Montr\u00e9al)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45683168","host_organization_name":"Polytechnique Montr\u00e9al","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45683168"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Communication de conf\u00e9rence"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:gcris.iyte.edu.tr:11147/14153","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11147/14153","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400894","display_name":"\u0130YTE (\u0130ZM\u0130R Y\u00dcKSEK TEKNOLOJ\u0130 ENST\u0130T\u00dcS\u00dc)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I120217413","host_organization_name":"Izmir Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120217413"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Object"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W317957491","https://openalex.org/W2154170045","https://openalex.org/W2663363630","https://openalex.org/W2768977492","https://openalex.org/W2769565908","https://openalex.org/W2810170137","https://openalex.org/W2891631528","https://openalex.org/W2954390643","https://openalex.org/W2972253544","https://openalex.org/W3008493277","https://openalex.org/W3011949521","https://openalex.org/W3080920314","https://openalex.org/W3083214563","https://openalex.org/W3133778711","https://openalex.org/W4205495325","https://openalex.org/W4225243047","https://openalex.org/W4254197176"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3030525848","https://openalex.org/W4385197910","https://openalex.org/W2340639785","https://openalex.org/W3010814398","https://openalex.org/W4385197899","https://openalex.org/W2293822216","https://openalex.org/W4318262205","https://openalex.org/W3007170335","https://openalex.org/W3114372513","https://openalex.org/W4381744901"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Power":[0],"domain":[1],"non-orthogonal":[2],"multiple":[3,11,71],"access":[4],"(NOMA)":[5],"enhances":[6],"spectral":[7],"efficiency":[8],"by":[9,131],"superposing":[10],"users":[12,36,72,115],"in":[13,81,95],"the":[14,20,24,32,51,56,63,96,106,124,128],"same":[15],"time-frequency":[16],"resource":[17],"block":[18],"at":[19],"expense":[21],"of":[22,35,127],"exposing":[23],"users'":[25],"data.":[26],"However,":[27],"current":[28],"approaches":[29],"to":[30,39,90],"improve":[31],"secrecy":[33,111],"levels":[34],"are":[37],"limited":[38],"rate":[40,119],"reduction.":[41,120],"This":[42,86],"paper":[43],"proposes":[44],"a":[45,92,133],"secure":[46],"NOMA":[47,114],"system":[48],"based":[49],"on":[50],"shared":[52],"randomness":[53,87],"extracted":[54],"from":[55],"reciprocal":[57],"carrier":[58],"frequency":[59],"offsets":[60],"(CFOs)":[61],"between":[62],"transmitter-receiver":[64],"pairs":[65],"for":[66],"M-ary":[67],"phase-shift":[68],"keying.":[69],"As":[70],"will":[73,79],"have":[74],"physically":[75],"separated":[76],"oscillators,":[77],"it":[78],"result":[80],"independent":[82],"CFOs":[83],"among":[84,112],"users.":[85],"is":[88],"used":[89],"introduce":[91],"constellation":[93],"rotation":[94],"transmitted":[97],"symbols.":[98],"We":[99,121],"show":[100],"that":[101],"under":[102],"ideal":[103],"CFO":[104],"estimates,":[105],"proposed":[107,129],"approach":[108,130],"achieves":[109],"perfect":[110],"all":[113],"without":[116],"introducing":[117],"any":[118],"also":[122],"demonstrate":[123],"practical":[125],"applicability":[126],"using":[132],"software-defined":[134],"radio-based":[135],"test":[136],"bed.":[137]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
