{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1998313766","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/biorob.2014.6913835","title":"A virtual piano-playing environment for rehabilitation based upon ultrasound imaging","display_name":"A virtual piano-playing environment for rehabilitation based upon ultrasound imaging","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1998313766","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/biorob.2014.6913835","mag":"1998313766"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/biorob.2014.6913835","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/biorob.2014.6913835","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"5th IEEE RAS/EMBS International Conference on Biomedical Robotics and Biomechatronics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019460740","display_name":"Claudio Castellini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7346-2180"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claudio Castellini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Robotics and Mechatronics Center, DLR (German Aerospace Center), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany","Robotics and Mechatronics Center, DLR (German Aerospace Center), 82234 Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics and Mechatronics Center, DLR (German Aerospace Center), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics and Mechatronics Center, DLR (German Aerospace Center), 82234 Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035604098","display_name":"Katharina Hertkorn","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Katharina Hertkorn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Robotics and Mechatronics Center, DLR (German Aerospace Center), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany","Robotics and Mechatronics Center, DLR (German Aerospace Center), 82234 Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics and Mechatronics Center, DLR (German Aerospace Center), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics and Mechatronics Center, DLR (German Aerospace Center), 82234 Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077370063","display_name":"Mikel Sagardia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7603-1717"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mikel Sagardia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Robotics and Mechatronics Center, DLR (German Aerospace Center), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany","Robotics and Mechatronics Center, DLR (German Aerospace Center), 82234 Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics and Mechatronics Center, DLR (German Aerospace Center), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics and Mechatronics Center, DLR (German Aerospace Center), 82234 Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103086504","display_name":"David Gonz\u00e1lez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5021-2130"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Sierra Gonzalez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Robotics and Mechatronics Center, DLR (German Aerospace Center), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany","Robotics and Mechatronics Center, DLR (German Aerospace Center), 82234 Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics and Mechatronics Center, DLR (German Aerospace Center), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics and Mechatronics Center, DLR (German Aerospace Center), 82234 Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014551896","display_name":"Markus Nowak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0840-5155"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Markus Nowak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Robotics and Mechatronics Center, DLR (German Aerospace Center), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany","Robotics and Mechatronics Center, DLR (German Aerospace Center), 82234 Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics and Mechatronics Center, DLR (German Aerospace Center), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics and Mechatronics Center, DLR (German Aerospace Center), 82234 Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"548","last_page":"554"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10510","display_name":"Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2742","display_name":"Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10510","display_name":"Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2742","display_name":"Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6848702430725098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thumb","display_name":"Thumb","score":0.6706103682518005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5983355641365051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.5716183185577393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.4905027747154236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.4621570408344269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/guitar","display_name":"Guitar","score":0.45859092473983765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transducer","display_name":"Transducer","score":0.4572446346282959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.45616206526756287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrasound","display_name":"Ultrasound","score":0.4468713700771332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-machine","display_name":"Virtual machine","score":0.4282670319080353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/piano","display_name":"Piano","score":0.42100101709365845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.4159106910228729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.41378504037857056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.23750171065330505}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6848702430725098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776881184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83360","display_name":"Thumb","level":2,"score":0.6706103682518005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5983355641365051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.5716183185577393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.4905027747154236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.4621570408344269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95543465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6607","display_name":"Guitar","level":2,"score":0.45859092473983765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56318395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215928","display_name":"Transducer","level":2,"score":0.4572446346282959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.45616206526756287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143753070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162564","display_name":"Ultrasound","level":2,"score":0.4468713700771332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25344961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192726","display_name":"Virtual machine","level":2,"score":0.4282670319080353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124086623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5994","display_name":"Piano","level":2,"score":0.42100101709365845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.4159106910228729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.41378504037857056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.23750171065330505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/biorob.2014.6913835","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/biorob.2014.6913835","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"5th IEEE RAS/EMBS International Conference on Biomedical Robotics and Biomechatronics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:elib.dlr.de:91361","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOROB.2014.6913835>.","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196266","display_name":"elib (German Aerospace Center)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","host_organization_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Konferenzbeitrag"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W138757677","https://openalex.org/W192658229","https://openalex.org/W198723738","https://openalex.org/W598735987","https://openalex.org/W1493784828","https://openalex.org/W1560729591","https://openalex.org/W1938835349","https://openalex.org/W1964143601","https://openalex.org/W1968781294","https://openalex.org/W1969563952","https://openalex.org/W1986832582","https://openalex.org/W2001301966","https://openalex.org/W2016068581","https://openalex.org/W2047028564","https://openalex.org/W2065609119","https://openalex.org/W2087982300","https://openalex.org/W2090080194","https://openalex.org/W2099800354","https://openalex.org/W2110625699","https://openalex.org/W2113091440","https://openalex.org/W2113190957","https://openalex.org/W2132079655","https://openalex.org/W2133124393","https://openalex.org/W2136555385","https://openalex.org/W2137502844","https://openalex.org/W2139182243","https://openalex.org/W2140230496","https://openalex.org/W2144232362","https://openalex.org/W2158404524","https://openalex.org/W2160012536","https://openalex.org/W2166607851","https://openalex.org/W2301105275","https://openalex.org/W2322584079","https://openalex.org/W2428745268","https://openalex.org/W4234698323","https://openalex.org/W4252366120","https://openalex.org/W6607830178","https://openalex.org/W6608034888","https://openalex.org/W6629750261","https://openalex.org/W6633724138","https://openalex.org/W6697831143","https://openalex.org/W6989561941"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4220911637","https://openalex.org/W4385984930","https://openalex.org/W4247286973","https://openalex.org/W1990291079","https://openalex.org/W1485923842","https://openalex.org/W3118230952","https://openalex.org/W4252394237","https://openalex.org/W2898671791","https://openalex.org/W3113369605","https://openalex.org/W335404152"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,53],"this":[1,54],"paper":[2],"we":[3],"evaluate":[4],"ultrasound":[5,58],"imaging":[6,17],"as":[7,168],"a":[8,28,39,56,63,68,73,94,100,141,158],"human-machine":[9],"interface":[10],"in":[11,25,66,87,109],"the":[12,43,47,83,88,131,138,151],"context":[13],"of":[14,112,134,150],"rehabilitation.":[15],"Ultrasound":[16],"can":[18,71],"be":[19,128,161],"used":[20],"to":[21,51,62,130],"estimate":[22],"finger":[23,81],"forces":[24],"real-time":[26],"with":[27],"short":[29],"and":[30,99,120,136,164,173],"easy":[31],"calibration":[32],"procedure.":[33],"Forces":[34],"are":[35],"individually":[36],"predicted":[37],"using":[38,79],"transducer":[40],"fixed":[41],"on":[42],"forearm,":[44],"which":[45,67],"leaves":[46],"hand":[48],"completely":[49],"free":[50],"operate.":[52],"application,":[55],"standard":[57],"machine":[59],"is":[60,91],"connected":[61],"virtual-reality":[64],"environment":[65,90],"human":[69,104],"operator":[70],"play":[72],"dynamic":[74],"harmonium":[75],"over":[76],"two":[77,110],"octaves,":[78],"either":[80],"(including":[82],"thumb).":[84],"The":[85,145],"interaction":[86],"virtual":[89],"managed":[92],"via":[93],"fast":[95],"collision":[96],"detection":[97],"algorithm":[98],"physics":[101],"engine.":[102],"Ten":[103],"subjects":[105,139],"have":[106],"been":[107],"engaged":[108],"games":[111],"increasing":[113],"difficulty.":[114],"Our":[115],"experimental":[116],"results,":[117],"both":[118,125],"objective":[119],"subjective,":[121],"clearly":[122],"show":[123],"that":[124,137],"tasks":[126],"could":[127,160],"accomplished":[129],"required":[132,152],"degree":[133],"precision":[135],"underwent":[140],"typical":[142],"learning":[143,146],"curve.":[144],"happened":[147],"uniformly,":[148],"irrespective":[149],"finger,":[153],"force":[154],"or":[155],"note.":[156],"Such":[157],"system":[159],"made":[162],"portable,":[163],"has":[165],"potential":[166],"applications":[167],"rehabilitation":[169],"device":[170],"for":[171],"amputees":[172],"muscle":[174],"impaired,":[175],"even":[176],"at":[177],"home.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
