{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390993539","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/biocas58349.2023.10388676","title":"Quantized Spiking Neural Networks on FPGA: An Application to Retinal Prosthetics","display_name":"Quantized Spiking Neural Networks on FPGA: An Application to Retinal Prosthetics","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390993539","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/biocas58349.2023.10388676"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/biocas58349.2023.10388676","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/biocas58349.2023.10388676","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043647779","display_name":"Marwan Besrour","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6473-7461"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135117807","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke","ror":"https://ror.org/00kybxq39","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marwan Besrour","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit&#x00E9; de Sherbrooke,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit&#x00E9; de Sherbrooke,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103350282","display_name":"Samuel Bouchard","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135117807","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke","ror":"https://ror.org/00kybxq39","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samuel Bouchard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit&#x00E9; de Sherbrooke,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit&#x00E9; de Sherbrooke,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111252821","display_name":"Romit Mohanty","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135117807","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke","ror":"https://ror.org/00kybxq39","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Romit Mohanty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit&#x00E9; de Sherbrooke,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit&#x00E9; de Sherbrooke,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007072758","display_name":"J.-M. Lavoie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3741-4701"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135117807","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke","ror":"https://ror.org/00kybxq39","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jacob Lavoie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit&#x00E9; de Sherbrooke,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit&#x00E9; de Sherbrooke,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063886538","display_name":"Takwa Omrani","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135117807","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke","ror":"https://ror.org/00kybxq39","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Takwa Omrani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit&#x00E9; de Sherbrooke,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit&#x00E9; de Sherbrooke,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Berthi\u00e9 Gouin-Ferland","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135117807","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke","ror":"https://ror.org/00kybxq39","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Berthi\u00e9 Gouin-Ferland","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit&#x00E9; de Sherbrooke,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit&#x00E9; de Sherbrooke,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020607295","display_name":"Konin Koua","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9327-5959"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135117807","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke","ror":"https://ror.org/00kybxq39","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Konin Koua","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit&#x00E9; de Sherbrooke,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit&#x00E9; de Sherbrooke,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090286050","display_name":"Audrey Corbeil Therrien","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6698-8400"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135117807","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke","ror":"https://ror.org/00kybxq39","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Audrey C. Therrien","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit&#x00E9; de Sherbrooke,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit&#x00E9; de Sherbrooke,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057702106","display_name":"Mounir Boukadoum","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4894-2350"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mounir Boukadoum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit&#x00E9; du Qu&#x00E9;bec &#x00E0; Montr&#x00E9;al,Department of Computer Science,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit&#x00E9; du Qu&#x00E9;bec &#x00E0; Montr&#x00E9;al,Department of Computer Science,Canada","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038317135","display_name":"R\u00e9jean Fontaine","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5453-0168"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135117807","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke","ror":"https://ror.org/00kybxq39","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R\u00e9jean Fontaine","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit&#x00E9; de Sherbrooke,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit&#x00E9; de Sherbrooke,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5497,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6326247,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroprosthetics","display_name":"Neuroprosthetics","score":0.6829354166984558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.6811642646789551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6728789806365967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.48191073536872864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spiking-neural-network","display_name":"Spiking neural network","score":0.46783673763275146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retinal","display_name":"Retinal","score":0.4532504975795746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neural-prosthesis","display_name":"Neural Prosthesis","score":0.4441574215888977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.3287220001220703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.30331772565841675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.30140602588653564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.09266519546508789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.0801355242729187}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197525751","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1431093","display_name":"Neuroprosthetics","level":2,"score":0.6829354166984558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.6811642646789551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6728789806365967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.48191073536872864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11731999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9067355","display_name":"Spiking neural network","level":3,"score":0.46783673763275146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780827179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422001","display_name":"Retinal","level":2,"score":0.4532504975795746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908765479","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1431093","display_name":"Neural Prosthesis","level":2,"score":0.4441574215888977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3287220001220703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.30331772565841675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.30140602588653564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.09266519546508789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0801355242729187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/biocas58349.2023.10388676","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/biocas58349.2023.10388676","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1778783464","https://openalex.org/W1974423604","https://openalex.org/W2085039801","https://openalex.org/W2107454866","https://openalex.org/W2107650178","https://openalex.org/W2109006034","https://openalex.org/W2155668458","https://openalex.org/W2158326388","https://openalex.org/W2345739822","https://openalex.org/W2518512029","https://openalex.org/W2586184051","https://openalex.org/W2752480826","https://openalex.org/W2766112309","https://openalex.org/W2808485090","https://openalex.org/W2896311526","https://openalex.org/W3119483195","https://openalex.org/W3124478039","https://openalex.org/W3165362804"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4386177096","https://openalex.org/W3185527278","https://openalex.org/W2082255253","https://openalex.org/W4242484341","https://openalex.org/W2188944156","https://openalex.org/W2014881693","https://openalex.org/W1991888974","https://openalex.org/W3093897916","https://openalex.org/W4210590060","https://openalex.org/W1667537225"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,85],"present":[1],"an":[2],"embedded":[3],"Spiking":[4],"Neural":[5],"Network":[6],"(SNN)":[7],"in":[8],"a":[9,45,62,103],"Field-Programmable":[10],"Gate":[11],"Array":[12],"(FPGA)":[13],"for":[14,30,44,142],"retinal":[15,54,143],"prosthetic":[16],"applications.":[17],"Our":[18],"primary":[19],"goal":[20],"is":[21,58,73],"to":[22,60,101,136],"minimize":[23],"resource":[24],"utilization,":[25],"making":[26],"the":[27,70,78,91,109,115,128],"solution":[28],"suitable":[29],"edge":[31],"AI":[32],"systems":[33],"with":[34],"neural-machine":[35],"interfaces.":[36],"The":[37,48,111],"proposed":[38],"quantized":[39,134],"SNN":[40,72],"minimizes":[41],"computational":[42],"resources":[43],"power-efficient":[46,106],"system.":[47],"PRANAS":[49],"open-source":[50],"software,":[51],"which":[52],"emulates":[53],"ganglion":[55],"cells":[56],"(RGCs),":[57],"used":[59],"generate":[61],"spiking":[63],"dataset":[64],"from":[65],"popular":[66],"MNIST":[67],"database":[68],"and":[69,81,98,105,117,123,139,151],"developed":[71],"trained":[74,92],"on":[75,90],"it":[76],"by":[77],"error":[79],"backpropagation":[80],"surrogate":[82],"gradient":[83],"technique.":[84],"subsequently":[86],"applied":[87],"weight":[88],"quantization":[89],"SNN\u2019s":[93],"weights,":[94],"using":[95],"both":[96],"4-bit":[97,116],"8-bit":[99,118],"precision,":[100],"create":[102],"compact":[104],"version":[107],"of":[108,130,133],"SNN.":[110],"resulting":[112],"accuracies":[113],"after":[114],"post-training":[119],"quantizations":[120],"are":[121],"83.2%":[122],"87.2%,":[124],"respectively.":[125],"They":[126],"show":[127],"potential":[129],"FPGA-based":[131],"implementations":[132],"SNNs":[135],"offer":[137],"high-performance":[138],"energy-efficient":[140],"solutions":[141],"implants,":[144],"thus":[145],"answering":[146],"their":[147],"inherent":[148],"hard":[149],"power":[150],"area":[152],"constraints.":[153]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
