{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4309264750","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/biocas54905.2022.9948655","title":"A Power-Efficient Source-Follower Based Tunable Pseudo-RC Low-Pass Filter for Wearable Biomedical Applications","display_name":"A Power-Efficient Source-Follower Based Tunable Pseudo-RC Low-Pass Filter for Wearable Biomedical Applications","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4309264750","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/biocas54905.2022.9948655"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/biocas54905.2022.9948655","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/biocas54905.2022.9948655","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608179","display_name":"2022 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082078388","display_name":"Hui Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4079-068X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3133055985","display_name":"Westlake University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hfa4n20","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3133055985"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Westlake University,CenBRAIN Neurotech, School of Engineering,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,China,310024","Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Westlake University,CenBRAIN Neurotech, School of Engineering,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,China,310024","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133055985"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100381482","display_name":"Xing Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1385-9749"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xing Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University,Shanghai,China,200433"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University,Shanghai,China,200433","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007036605","display_name":"Jie Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4148-0042"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3133055985","display_name":"Westlake University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hfa4n20","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3133055985"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Westlake University,CenBRAIN Neurotech, School of Engineering,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,China,310024"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Westlake University,CenBRAIN Neurotech, School of Engineering,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,China,310024","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133055985"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082509767","display_name":"Mohamad Sawan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4137-7272"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3133055985","display_name":"Westlake University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hfa4n20","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3133055985"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamad Sawan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Westlake University,CenBRAIN Neurotech, School of Engineering,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,China,310024"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Westlake University,CenBRAIN Neurotech, School of Engineering,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,China,310024","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133055985"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"178","last_page":"182"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resistor","display_name":"Resistor","score":0.737525463104248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitor","display_name":"Capacitor","score":0.5923771858215332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-pass-filter","display_name":"Low-pass filter","score":0.592212975025177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linearity","display_name":"Linearity","score":0.519298255443573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.4882495701313019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.4759801924228668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4731268286705017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.47154808044433594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.4687362313270569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rc-circuit","display_name":"RC circuit","score":0.4668225646018982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-impedance","display_name":"Electrical impedance","score":0.4586823284626007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4071469306945801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.30074217915534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.21256771683692932}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137488568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5321","display_name":"Resistor","level":3,"score":0.737525463104248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52192207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5322","display_name":"Capacitor","level":3,"score":0.5923771858215332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44682112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918242","display_name":"Low-pass filter","level":3,"score":0.592212975025177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77170095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1753188","display_name":"Linearity","level":2,"score":0.519298255443573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4882495701313019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4759801924228668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4731268286705017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.47154808044433594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.4687362313270569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39394816","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q939318","display_name":"RC circuit","level":4,"score":0.4668225646018982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17829176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179043","display_name":"Electrical impedance","level":2,"score":0.4586823284626007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4071469306945801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.30074217915534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21256771683692932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/biocas54905.2022.9948655","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/biocas54905.2022.9948655","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608179","display_name":"2022 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8600000143051147}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318567","display_name":"Westlake University","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1814036706","https://openalex.org/W2021523044","https://openalex.org/W2026996308","https://openalex.org/W2063837508","https://openalex.org/W2075135661","https://openalex.org/W2092704120","https://openalex.org/W2096427271","https://openalex.org/W2101394360","https://openalex.org/W2115953420","https://openalex.org/W2130233445","https://openalex.org/W2130268035","https://openalex.org/W2145183934","https://openalex.org/W2157138798","https://openalex.org/W2296186834","https://openalex.org/W2475567443","https://openalex.org/W2513147171","https://openalex.org/W2522510033","https://openalex.org/W2584739343","https://openalex.org/W2753095659","https://openalex.org/W2792759535","https://openalex.org/W2794760022","https://openalex.org/W2837337563","https://openalex.org/W2901622545","https://openalex.org/W2906538289","https://openalex.org/W2979371912","https://openalex.org/W3004729186","https://openalex.org/W3008212765","https://openalex.org/W3028717114","https://openalex.org/W3049572768","https://openalex.org/W3080578087","https://openalex.org/W3172907266","https://openalex.org/W3208770393","https://openalex.org/W3215710154","https://openalex.org/W4206233472","https://openalex.org/W4226325269","https://openalex.org/W4281720573","https://openalex.org/W4289713933","https://openalex.org/W4309095465","https://openalex.org/W6838721441"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1989316728","https://openalex.org/W2291633415","https://openalex.org/W2542016257","https://openalex.org/W2006399232","https://openalex.org/W2378127905","https://openalex.org/W2089765561","https://openalex.org/W2053025779","https://openalex.org/W2536014857","https://openalex.org/W1912970666","https://openalex.org/W2115522846"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Most":[0],"neural":[1,34],"signal":[2],"monitoring":[3],"front-ends":[4],"rely":[5],"on":[6],"the":[7,14,30,39,61,81,114,138,190,201,204],"low-pass":[8],"filter":[9,12],"(LPF)":[10],"to":[11,29,50,63],"out":[13],"out-of-band":[15],"interference":[16],"and":[17,76,84,89,116,122,135,181],"noise.":[18],"A":[19],"large":[20,52],"time":[21,67],"constant":[22,68],"is":[23,105,133,193],"required":[24],"for":[25,110],"such":[26],"filters":[27],"due":[28,49],"low-frequency":[31],"characteristic":[32],"of":[33,153,160,170,175,186,203],"signals.":[35],"MOSFETs":[36],"operating":[37],"in":[38,124,137],"sub-threshold":[40],"region":[41],"(pseudo":[42],"resistors)":[43],"are":[44,78,198],"widely":[45],"used":[46],"as":[47],"resistors":[48],"their":[51],"impedance":[53,77,117],"with":[54,70,101,200],"a":[55,65,96,125,150,167,172,182],"small":[56],"die":[57,173],"area,":[58],"which":[59],"shows":[60],"potential":[62],"realize":[64],"considerable":[66],"LPF":[69,100],"acceptable":[71],"capacitors.":[72],"However,":[73],"its":[74],"linearity":[75,115],"limited":[79],"by":[80],"applied":[82],"voltage":[83,88],"suffer":[85],"from":[86],"process,":[87],"temperature":[90],"(PVT)":[91],"variations.":[92],"In":[93],"this":[94],"work,":[95],"subthreshold-source-follower":[97],"(SSF)":[98],"based":[99],"self-biased":[102,108],"pseudo-resistors":[103],"(PRs)":[104],"presented.":[106],"The":[107,130],"scheme":[109],"PRs":[111],"substantially":[112],"increases":[113],"without":[118],"extra":[119],"area":[120,174],"consumption":[121,192],"results":[123,144],"tunable":[126],"low":[127,183],"cut-off":[128,184],"frequency.":[129],"proposed":[131],"circuit":[132],"designed":[134],"simulated":[136],"TSMC":[139],"40-nm":[140],"CMOS":[141],"process.":[142],"Simulation":[143],"show":[145],"that":[146],"it":[147],"can":[148],"achieve":[149],"DC":[151],"gain":[152],"0":[154],"dB,":[155],"an":[156],"input-referred":[157],"noise":[158],"(IRN)":[159],"44":[161],"\u00b5V":[162],"<inf":[163],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[164,179],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">rms</inf>":[165],",":[166],"THD@1":[168],"Hz":[169,188],"0.49%,":[171],"0.008":[176],"mm":[177],"<sup":[178],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[180],"frequency":[185],"82":[187],"while":[189],"power":[191],"16.1":[194],"nW.":[195],"Performances":[196],"achieved":[197],"comparable":[199],"state":[202],"art.":[205]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
