{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2795207579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/biocas.2017.8325078","title":"A deep belief network system for prediction of DNA methylation","display_name":"A deep belief network system for prediction of DNA methylation","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2795207579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/biocas.2017.8325078","mag":"2795207579"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/biocas.2017.8325078","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/biocas.2017.8325078","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077051449","display_name":"Mohammed Khwaja","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed Khwaja","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013265768","display_name":"Melpomeni Kalofonou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8299-4106"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Melpomeni Kalofonou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Bio-Inspired Technology, Imperial College London, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Bio-Inspired Technology, Imperial College London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038289380","display_name":"C. Toumazou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chris Toumazou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Bio-Inspired Technology, Imperial College London, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Bio-Inspired Technology, Imperial College London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2243,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58120852,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10269","display_name":"Epigenetics and DNA Methylation","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10269","display_name":"Epigenetics and DNA Methylation","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12254","display_name":"Machine Learning in Bioinformatics","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.9713000059127808,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dna-methylation","display_name":"DNA methylation","score":0.736916184425354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6491807699203491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5795340538024902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cpg-site","display_name":"CpG site","score":0.5733485817909241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.5495154857635498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/methylation","display_name":"Methylation","score":0.4908073842525482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-belief-network","display_name":"Deep belief network","score":0.4824295938014984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4670514166355133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.4436103105545044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correlation-coefficient","display_name":"Correlation coefficient","score":0.4345674514770508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4283067286014557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correlation","display_name":"Correlation","score":0.4275768995285034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.41585278511047363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-biology","display_name":"Computational biology","score":0.41547590494155884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dna","display_name":"DNA","score":0.3572874069213867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.32628193497657776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.3156956136226654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.230838805437088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetics","display_name":"Genetics","score":0.2116057574748993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene","display_name":"Gene","score":0.14717718958854675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene-expression","display_name":"Gene expression","score":0.07972690463066101}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190727270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q874745","display_name":"DNA methylation","level":4,"score":0.736916184425354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6491807699203491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5795340538024902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140173407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138358","display_name":"CpG site","level":5,"score":0.5733485817909241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.5495154857635498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33288867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q518328","display_name":"Methylation","level":3,"score":0.4908073842525482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97385483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16954980","display_name":"Deep belief network","level":3,"score":0.4824295938014984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4670514166355133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.4436103105545044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780092901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3433612","display_name":"Correlation coefficient","level":2,"score":0.4345674514770508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4283067286014557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117220453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5172842","display_name":"Correlation","level":2,"score":0.4275768995285034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.41585278511047363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.41547590494155884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552990157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7430","display_name":"DNA","level":2,"score":0.3572874069213867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.32628193497657776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3156956136226654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.230838805437088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.2116057574748993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.14717718958854675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150194340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26972","display_name":"Gene expression","level":3,"score":0.07972690463066101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/biocas.2017.8325078","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/biocas.2017.8325078","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.6499999761581421,"display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1755052449","https://openalex.org/W1849862482","https://openalex.org/W2054179662","https://openalex.org/W2063839904","https://openalex.org/W2072258885","https://openalex.org/W2102433947","https://openalex.org/W2131971406","https://openalex.org/W2136953812","https://openalex.org/W2161419360","https://openalex.org/W2161969291","https://openalex.org/W2164700406","https://openalex.org/W2259938310","https://openalex.org/W2343039591","https://openalex.org/W2403654071","https://openalex.org/W2623612507","https://openalex.org/W6683411478","https://openalex.org/W6713127547"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2169344098","https://openalex.org/W2944524138","https://openalex.org/W2364944693","https://openalex.org/W2123238153","https://openalex.org/W2582088144","https://openalex.org/W4200236841","https://openalex.org/W3029570287","https://openalex.org/W2380976670","https://openalex.org/W4210559607","https://openalex.org/W2381482069"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"Deep":[1],"Belief":[2],"Network":[3],"architecture":[4],"is":[5,80],"proposed":[6,17,78],"for":[7,46,149],"prediction":[8],"of":[9,24,34,43,71,112,124,156],"DNA":[10,25,44,113,150],"methylation":[11,26,45,114,151],"characteristics":[12],"across":[13],"genetic":[14],"regions.":[15],"The":[16,77,136],"system":[18,147],"uses":[19],"an":[20,29,40,121],"image":[21],"analogous":[22],"visualisation":[23],"features":[27,119],"through":[28],"efficient":[30,148],"mapping":[31],"model.":[32],"Implementation":[33],"this":[35],"method":[36,79],"has":[37,56,97],"resulted":[38],"in":[39,51,62,65],"accurate":[41],"classification":[42],"multiple":[47],"CpG":[48],"regions":[49],"identified":[50],"cancer":[52,103],"cell":[53,104],"lines":[54],"and":[55,92,96,131],"been":[57,98],"designed":[58],"to":[59,82],"address":[60],"variability":[61],"patterns":[63],"found":[64],"a":[66],"given":[67],"human":[68],"cell,":[69],"regardless":[70],"their":[72],"function":[73],"or":[74],"disease":[75],"state.":[76],"compared":[81],"time-tested":[83],"supervised":[84],"learning":[85,143],"algorithms":[86],"that":[87],"include":[88],"Support":[89],"Vector":[90],"Machine":[91],"Random":[93],"Forest":[94],"classifiers":[95],"validated":[99],"using":[100],"data":[101,158],"from":[102],"lines.":[105],"Using":[106],"documented":[107],"features,":[108],"it":[109],"achieves":[110],"differentiation":[111],"states,":[115],"while":[116,153],"predicting":[117],"distinct":[118],"with":[120,140],"average":[122],"value":[123],"sensitivity":[125],"92%,":[126],"specificity":[127],"99%,":[128],"accuracy":[129],"95%":[130],"Matthew's":[132],"Correlation":[133],"Coefficient":[134],"0.91.":[135],"feature":[137],"set":[138,159],"coupled":[139],"the":[141,146,157],"deep":[142],"model":[144],"makes":[145],"prediction,":[152],"being":[154],"independent":[155],"used.":[160]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
