{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2580179896","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/biocas.2016.7833836","title":"A digital crystal-less clock generation scheme for wireless biomedical implants","display_name":"A digital crystal-less clock generation scheme for wireless biomedical implants","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2580179896","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/biocas.2016.7833836","mag":"2580179896"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/biocas.2016.7833836","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/biocas.2016.7833836","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100535559","display_name":"Luo Hongxia","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongxia Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011014977","display_name":"Dake Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4644-4892"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dake Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101833532","display_name":"Chen Gong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3369-6732"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Gong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100400776","display_name":"Min Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2273-9503"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":null,"first_page":"480","last_page":"483"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11249","display_name":"Wireless Power Transfer Systems","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-generator","display_name":"Clock generator","score":0.7946983575820923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crystal-oscillator","display_name":"Crystal oscillator","score":0.5952223539352417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-rate","display_name":"Clock rate","score":0.5412890315055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.526943564414978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5235238075256348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cpu-multiplier","display_name":"CPU multiplier","score":0.5204339623451233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.48516780138015747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-domain-crossing","display_name":"Clock domain crossing","score":0.4734461009502411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-gating","display_name":"Clock gating","score":0.46258828043937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronous-circuit","display_name":"Synchronous circuit","score":0.4196948707103729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-signal","display_name":"Clock signal","score":0.40573498606681824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.3720909059047699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jitter","display_name":"Jitter","score":0.3290749788284302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.29525354504585266}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778023540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2164847","display_name":"Clock generator","level":4,"score":0.7946983575820923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172137495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q877055","display_name":"Crystal oscillator","level":3,"score":0.5952223539352417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178693496","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q911691","display_name":"Clock rate","level":3,"score":0.5412890315055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.526943564414978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5235238075256348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125576049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2246273","display_name":"CPU multiplier","level":5,"score":0.5204339623451233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.48516780138015747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127204226","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5134799","display_name":"Clock domain crossing","level":5,"score":0.4734461009502411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22716491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q590170","display_name":"Clock gating","level":5,"score":0.46258828043937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42196554","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1186179","display_name":"Synchronous circuit","level":4,"score":0.4196948707103729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137059387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426882","display_name":"Clock signal","level":3,"score":0.40573498606681824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.3720909059047699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134652429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052698","display_name":"Jitter","level":2,"score":0.3290749788284302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.29525354504585266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97126364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q349669","display_name":"Resonator","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/biocas.2016.7833836","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/biocas.2016.7833836","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6499999761581421,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323110","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1981860553","https://openalex.org/W2068076936","https://openalex.org/W2083166398","https://openalex.org/W2100452539","https://openalex.org/W2103584631","https://openalex.org/W2124877677","https://openalex.org/W2142765914","https://openalex.org/W2147528482","https://openalex.org/W2216037223","https://openalex.org/W2281940818","https://openalex.org/W6695538923"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2169618112","https://openalex.org/W2224788396","https://openalex.org/W2169622190","https://openalex.org/W2139338465","https://openalex.org/W3013924136","https://openalex.org/W2496244846","https://openalex.org/W2151256709","https://openalex.org/W2143420037","https://openalex.org/W4238381000","https://openalex.org/W2386103431"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"miniature":[1],"implantable":[2],"medical":[3],"device":[4,18,30],"(IMD)":[5],"needs":[6],"a":[7,36,47,65,89,153,166],"quality":[8],"clock":[9,25,40,56,112,132,145,160,182],"source":[10,113,133],"for":[11,22],"its":[12],"communication":[13],"and":[14,107,117,138,149],"control":[15],"circuits.":[16],"Crystal":[17],"is":[19,43,70,134,184],"hardly":[20],"suitable":[21],"the":[23,29,55,59,73,80,84,97,104,110,126,130,143,181,191],"in-body":[24,74,111],"generator":[26,161,183],"because":[27],"of":[28,109,129,142,155,169,180],"size":[31],"limitation.":[32],"In":[33],"this":[34],"paper,":[35],"new":[37,90],"digital":[38],"crystal-less":[39],"generation":[41],"scheme":[42],"presented.":[44],"It":[45],"uses":[46],"digitally":[48],"controlled":[49],"oscillator":[50],"with":[51,165],"coarse-fine-tuning":[52],"structure":[53],"as":[54,83],"source.":[57],"As":[58],"current":[60],"IMDs":[61],"are":[62,146],"commonly":[63],"inductively-powered,":[64],"strong":[66],"inductive":[67],"power":[68,81,98],"carrier":[69,82,99],"transferred":[71],"into":[72],"system.":[75],"We":[76,87],"propose":[77],"to":[78,95],"leverage":[79],"reference":[85],"clock.":[86],"introduce":[88],"all-digital":[91],"frequency":[92,105,127,154],"locked":[93],"loop":[94,102],"track":[96],"frequency.":[100],"This":[101],"improves":[103],"accuracy":[106,128],"stability":[108],"against":[114],"voltage":[115,168],"variation":[116],"process":[118],"variation.":[119],"Results":[120],"from":[121],"post-layout":[122],"simulation":[123],"show":[124],"that":[125],"proposed":[131],"0.025%.":[135],"The":[136,159,176],"RMS":[137],"peak-to-peak":[139],"period":[140],"jitters":[141],"output":[144],"11.3":[147],"ps":[148,151],"60":[150],"at":[152],"2":[156],"MHz,":[157],"respectively.":[158],"consumes":[162],"0.51":[163],"mW":[164],"supply":[167],"1.8":[170],"V":[171],"(required":[172],"by":[173],"analog":[174],"circuits).":[175],"core":[177],"silicon":[178],"area":[179],"0.036":[185],"\u03bcm":[186],"<sup":[187],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[188],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[189],"in":[190],"0.18-\u03bcm":[192],"CMOS":[193],"process.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}