{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2183676212","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/biocas.2015.7348450","title":"Column-based micro-beamformer for improved 2D beamforming using a matrix array transducer","display_name":"Column-based micro-beamformer for improved 2D beamforming using a matrix array transducer","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2183676212","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/biocas.2015.7348450","mag":"2183676212"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/biocas.2015.7348450","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/biocas.2015.7348450","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067546857","display_name":"Hyun Gil Kang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148751991","display_name":"Sogang University","ror":"https://ror.org/056tn4839","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hyun Gil Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","Department of Electronic Engineering, Sogang University, Mapo-gu, Seoul, KR"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Sogang University, Mapo-gu, Seoul, KR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008928072","display_name":"Sua Bae","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1276-8677"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148751991","display_name":"Sogang University","ror":"https://ror.org/056tn4839","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sua Bae","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","Denartrnent of Electronic Engineering., Sogang University, Seoul, Renublic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Denartrnent of Electronic Engineering., Sogang University, Seoul, Renublic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054579652","display_name":"Pilsu Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1813-0693"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148751991","display_name":"Sogang University","ror":"https://ror.org/056tn4839","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pilsu Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","Denartrnent of Electronic Engineering., Sogang University, Seoul, Renublic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Denartrnent of Electronic Engineering., Sogang University, Seoul, Renublic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100339672","display_name":"Ji\u2010Won Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0060-2787"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148751991","display_name":"Sogang University","ror":"https://ror.org/056tn4839","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiwon Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","Denartrnent of Electronic Engineering., Sogang University, Seoul, Renublic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Denartrnent of Electronic Engineering., Sogang University, Seoul, Renublic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103108312","display_name":"Gun-Ho Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8678-7590"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148751991","display_name":"Sogang University","ror":"https://ror.org/056tn4839","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gunho Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","Denartrnent of Electronic Engineering., Sogang University, Seoul, Renublic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Denartrnent of Electronic Engineering., Sogang University, Seoul, Renublic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062180341","display_name":"Woojin Jung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4821-6797"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148751991","display_name":"Sogang University","ror":"https://ror.org/056tn4839","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Woojin Jung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","Denartrnent of Electronic Engineering., Sogang University, Seoul, Renublic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Denartrnent of Electronic Engineering., Sogang University, Seoul, Renublic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012944509","display_name":"Minsuk Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1522-6403"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148751991","display_name":"Sogang University","ror":"https://ror.org/056tn4839","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minsuk Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","Denartrnent of Electronic Engineering., Sogang University, Seoul, Renublic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Denartrnent of Electronic Engineering., Sogang University, Seoul, Renublic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088832498","display_name":"Kangsik Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101778","display_name":"Samsung (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01bfbvm65","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}],"countries":["KR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kangsik Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea","Samsung Elect","onics Co, Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Elect","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"onics Co, Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005153148","display_name":"Wooyoul Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387155557","display_name":"Samsung Medison (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/05k6h9r09","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4387155557"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802194831","display_name":"Samsung Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05a15z872","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I2802194831"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wooyoul Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Medison Co., Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea","Samsung Medison Co, Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Medison Co., Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I2802194831"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Medison Co, Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4387155557"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008072590","display_name":"Tai\u2010Kyong Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1530-4002"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148751991","display_name":"Sogang University","ror":"https://ror.org/056tn4839","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tai-Kyong Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","Denartrnent of Electronic Engineering., Sogang University, Seoul, Renublic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Denartrnent of Electronic Engineering., Sogang University, Seoul, Renublic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067546857"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4948,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82316847,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10727","display_name":"Ultrasound Imaging and Elastography","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10727","display_name":"Ultrasound Imaging and Elastography","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11525","display_name":"Piezoelectric Actuators and Control","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10662","display_name":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.7827557325363159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transducer","display_name":"Transducer","score":0.7242539525032043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/column","display_name":"Column (typography)","score":0.6264480352401733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-beamformer","display_name":"Adaptive beamformer","score":0.5047096014022827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.45282137393951416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","score":0.42100077867507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.3984265625476837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.2695459723472595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1872374713420868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1500019133090973}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.7827557325363159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56318395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215928","display_name":"Transducer","level":2,"score":0.7242539525032043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780551164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2306599","display_name":"Column (typography)","level":3,"score":0.6264480352401733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33378366","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4680719","display_name":"Adaptive beamformer","level":3,"score":0.5047096014022827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.45282137393951416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.42100077867507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.3984265625476837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.2695459723472595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1872374713420868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1500019133090973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/biocas.2015.7348450","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/biocas.2015.7348450","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5899999737739563,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1715767375","https://openalex.org/W1881290096","https://openalex.org/W1996558995","https://openalex.org/W2010052188","https://openalex.org/W2029973549","https://openalex.org/W2041886335","https://openalex.org/W2060445937","https://openalex.org/W2071781812","https://openalex.org/W2074268799","https://openalex.org/W2110523481","https://openalex.org/W2116685348","https://openalex.org/W2118434273","https://openalex.org/W2119469003","https://openalex.org/W2121816161","https://openalex.org/W2141559939","https://openalex.org/W2145315161","https://openalex.org/W2167311838","https://openalex.org/W2546790902","https://openalex.org/W4239214366","https://openalex.org/W4251128797","https://openalex.org/W4254030907","https://openalex.org/W6832900279"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W818226659","https://openalex.org/W2009075871","https://openalex.org/W2132841313","https://openalex.org/W2105408150","https://openalex.org/W1976800395","https://openalex.org/W2606661315","https://openalex.org/W2548445082","https://openalex.org/W636053046","https://openalex.org/W2072054645","https://openalex.org/W2167062574"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,52,120,157],"a":[1,7,69,75,84,135],"3-D":[2,60],"medical":[3],"ultrasound":[4,21,61],"imaging":[5],"system,":[6],"matrix":[8,41,79],"array":[9,42,80],"probe":[10],"with":[11,63],"2-D":[12],"positioning":[13],"of":[14,20,27,37,46,59,106,153,164,178],"the":[15,32,40,44,47,78,96,103,107,110,131,138,158,161,165],"elements":[16,38],"allows":[17],"high":[18,57],"resolution":[19],"images":[22,62],"due":[23],"to":[24,35,55,134,151],"its":[25],"capability":[26],"two-dimensional":[28],"dynamic":[29],"focusing.":[30],"However,":[31],"hundreds":[33],"(up":[34],"thousands)":[36],"in":[39,73,77,95,124],"make":[43],"fabrication":[45],"transducers":[48],"and":[49,86,89,98,116,146,167,173],"cables":[50],"challenging.":[51],"this":[53],"paper,":[54],"achieve":[56],"quality":[58],"low":[64],"hardware":[65],"complexity,":[66],"we":[67],"introduce":[68],"column-based":[70],"micro-beamformer":[71],"(CMB)":[72],"which":[74],"column":[76],"is":[81],"considered":[82],"as":[83],"sub-array":[85],"then":[87],"elevational":[88],"lateral":[90],"beamformings":[91],"are":[92,114,118],"sequentially":[93],"conducted":[94,115],"analog":[97],"digital":[99],"stages,":[100],"respectively.":[101,181],"For":[102],"performance":[104,150],"evaluation":[105],"proposed":[108,166],"beamformer,":[109],"beam":[111,144],"pattern":[112],"simulations":[113],"point-spread-functions":[117],"obtained.":[119],"addition,":[121],"root-mean-square-errors":[122],"(RMSEs)":[123],"round-trip":[125],"time":[126],"delays":[127],"were":[128,170],"measured":[129],"over":[130],"depths.":[132],"Compared":[133],"conventional":[136,168],"micro-beamformer,":[137],"CMB":[139],"produced":[140],"more":[141],"tightly":[142],"focused":[143],"patterns":[145],"showed":[147],"almost":[148],"equivalent":[149],"that":[152],"fully":[154],"sampled":[155],"array.":[156],"near":[159],"field,":[160],"mean":[162],"RMSEs":[163],"beamformers":[169],"274":[171],"ns":[172,175],"18.1":[174],"(improved":[176],"93.4%":[177],"delay":[179],"accuracy),":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
